蠹

Feasibility study on application of DNA bar-coding technology in molecular identification of ScolytideaCO I gene of 15 bark beetle species collected from different regions and host is studied to discuss the feasibility of application of DNA bar-coding technology in Scolytidea molecular identification.

基于线粒体COⅠ基因的DNA条形码技术应用于小蠹科昆虫分子鉴定的可行性研究通过对采自不同地区、不同寄主的15个小蠹虫样本的线粒体COⅠ基因研究，对基于线粒体COⅠ基因的DNA条形码技术应用于小蠹科昆虫分子鉴定的可行性进行了探讨。

The main study contents and result showed followlly:Combined with the former describe of codling moth, the morphologic charater of every stage has been observed carefully and the separation standard of larva in stars has been researched.

主要研究内容和结果如下：结合前人对苹果蠹蛾的描述，对其各虫态的形态特征进行了细致的观察，并对苹果蠹蛾幼虫的分龄标准进行了研究。

Combination of indoor rearing and field observations, in 2008 the overwintering codling moth adult emergence is not concentrated, it began in mid-April. The overwintering generation to reach the peak of adult emergence in mid-May, in early June to late June codling moth adult emergence did not intermittent. In early July being the first generation of adult was eclosion, the emergence period long duration and the peak appeared in late-July.

通过室内饲养和田间观察发现，2008年苹果蠹蛾越冬代成虫羽化不集中，4月中旬成虫开始羽化，5月中旬越冬代成虫羽化达到高峰期，6月上旬到6月下旬苹果蠹蛾成虫羽化没有间断。7月上旬第一代成虫陆续羽化，羽化期较长，在(来源：A904040BC论文网www.abclunwen.com)7月下旬达到高峰。8月上中旬诱捕雄成虫数量逐渐减少。

When the larvae were fed with Apricot and apple-pear the death rate of the larvae increased,the larval and pupa stages prolonged, the pupa weight decreased, female adult life shortened and the average fecundity.The age-specific life table of codling moth indicated that the trend index of codling moth population fed on Jonathan apple, Red Delicious apple, Zhangye number two apple, Chinese pear-leaved crab-apple and Crisp pear were more than one. Experiment population quantity was at the growth condition. The trend index of codling moth population fed on Apple-pear and Apricot were less than one.

通过不同寄主植物饲养条件下苹果蠹蛾特定年龄生命表的分析可知，取食沙果、早酥梨、红玉苹果、红元帅苹果和张掖2号苹果的苹果蠹蛾实验种群的种群趋势指数均大于1，实验种群数量处于增长状态，而当苹果蠹蛾取食苹果梨和杏时，其种群趋势指数小于1，下代种群(来源：Ab9b9BC论文网www.abclunwen.com)数量不断减少。

In this paper,twenty_three families are discussed that is Cicindelidae,Carabidae,Hydrophilidae,Staphylinidae,Dytiscidae,Elateridae,Silphidae, Histeridae,Corynetidae,Buprestidae,Ostomatidae,Nitidulidae, Cybocephalidae,Catogenidae,Sivanidae,Mycetophagidae, Lathridiidae,Ptinidae,Bostrychidae,Anobiidae,Lyctidae, Tenebrionidae ,Meloidae,totally eighty_seven species.

本文论述了23科，即虎甲科、步甲科、牙甲秒、隐翅虫科、龙虱科、叩头虫科、葬甲科、阎甲科、陷附郭公虫科、吉丁虫科、谷盗科、露尾甲科、方头甲科、扁甲科、锯谷盗科、小覃甲科、薪甲科、蛛甲科、长蠹科、窃蠹科、粉蠹科、拟步甲科、芫菁科共87种。

There was significant difference among monoterpene volatiles released from healthy, weevil damaged trunks of Pissodes punctatus and their branches. Walking P. punctatus in maturation feeding and sexually matured stages displayed different olfactory responses toward monoterpenes in a Y-tube olfactometer.

通过GC-MS分析，发现健康的与遭受华山松木蠹象Pissodes punctatus Langor et Zhang危害的华山松Pinus armandii Franch树干以及华山松枝梢释放的挥发性单萜烯在含量上存在较大差别；利用Y-型双向选择嗅觉仪进行的室内趋向反应实验发现，处于补充营养期和交尾产卵期的华山松木蠹象对单萜烯表现出不同的趋向反应。

Identification, synthesis,and biology of the sex pheromone for Holcocerusinsularis Staudinger(Lepidoptera:Cossidae)were studied by means of gaschromatography,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,electroantennogram,microchemical analysis,electron microscope,transmission electron microscope,and field tests in this dissertation.

本学位论文以危害白蜡、国槐等园林树木的重要蛀干害虫小线角木蠹蛾Holcocerus insularis Staudinger为对象，利用气相色谱、气相色谱-质谱联用、微量化学反应、触角电位、电镜技术和田间试验等技术与方法，完成了小线角木蠹蛾性信息素的鉴定、合成与生物学研究。

The results showed that at the beginning stage of being attacked by Chinesis white pine beetle and their symbiotic blue-stain fungus, PAL, PPO, SOD activities and MDA content significantly increased in the phloem of P. armandi, and decreased with the increase of the number of D. armandi and the attacking on the xylem and phloem of P. armandi from blue-stain fungus, then reached the minimum level in withering stage of P. armandi. But the contents of nutrition materials in the phloem, such as water, protein, glucide, fat, amylum and so on, declined with the infestation of D. armandi and symbiotic fungus. In summary, the resistance of physiology and biochemistry in the phloem of P.

结果表明，在华山松大小蠹和共生蓝变真菌危害初期，华山松韧皮部内的苯丙氨酸解氨酶、多酚氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性均显著提高，丙二醛含量明显增加；但随着华山松大小蠹种群数量的增加和蓝变真菌对华山松韧皮部和木质部组织危害的加剧，韧皮部组织内的PAL、PPO和SOD活性逐渐降低，在枯立木阶段降至最低；与此同时，华山松韧皮部内的水分及蛋白质、糖类、粗脂肪、淀粉等营养物质含量，则随华山松大小蠹和共生蓝变真菌危害的加剧而不断减少。

The present paper mostly concerned was the T. piniperda which was discovered in Yunnan Province, the research advances on Pinus yunnanensis volatiles and using the volatiles to trap T. yunnanensis were reviewed, the successful experiences of using plant volatiles to monitor and control Scolytidae was briefly summarized.

针对云南纵坑切梢小蠹，综述了云南松挥发性化学成分的研究现状及利用各种挥发性成分诱集云南纵坑切梢小蠹的研究进展，同时简要介绍了国内外其他地区利用植物挥发性化学物质监测和防治小蠹类害虫的成功经验。

Expert consultation system for the bark bettles toted by imported wood including importing timber pest identification subsystem, import timber pest's multimedia database, It is comparatively systematic in the foreign timber quarantine field in our country , overall research relevant rudimentary knowledge , identification theory , working practice. The knowledge of this system was obtained through synthesizing existing publication and documents and materials both at home and abroad and the related experts , especially description of the identification character that summarized the working experience of decades at ports, it get the main identification character ,user who grasp two or three key characteristics can identify insect pests . There is very strong practicability.

小蠹科昆虫辅助鉴定系统包括小蠹科害虫鉴定子系统，小蠹科害虫多媒体数据库，是我国对外木材检疫领域较为系统全面的研究了相关基础知识、检疫鉴定理论、结合一线工作实践、通过综合国内外现有的出版物及文献资料和访问相关领域的专家而得，尤其是鉴定特征的描述，是总结了口岸几十年的工作经验，抓住了主要鉴定特征，用户只需掌握两三个关键特征就可以实现对害虫的快速鉴定，有很强的实用性。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。