蝇

The taxonomic studies of B. dorsalis complex by morphological and genetic characters are reviewed. It is helpful to apply the molecular approach to taxonomic and phylogenetic analysis for the complex. And the outlook of phylogenetics and behavioral study of the complex will be focuse...

文章概述基于形态学和遗传学特征基础上的橘小实蝇复合体的分类鉴定及系统发育研究进展，介绍近年来分子生物学技术在橘小实蝇复合体分类及系统发育研究中的应用情况，展望系统发育和行为学研究是橘小实蝇复合体未来研究的重点领域。

These results indicate that the dHira transcripts are maternal and they may play very important roles during early embryogenesis. While the accurate function in development of Hira still remains unclear.

本研究将果蝇Hira基因的cDNA克隆到载体UASp中，运用UAS-Gal4系统，通过功能获得性突变的方法使dHira在果蝇早期胚胎中大量表达，来研究Hira在无脊椎动物果蝇中的作用。

Horticola , in which Compositae, Cruciferae, Laguminosae and Cucurbitaceae are the main families. It occurs seriously on lettuce, cauliflower, pea, rape and horsebean. The hosts can be divided into four types: the most fitting host, fitting host, preferable host and secondary host. The oviposition of C. horticola on 8 kinds of hosts selected was checked under microscope, which had proved the investigation of host suitability and lettuce is the favorite host.

2004年对扬州地区露地蔬菜上的豌豆彩潜蝇寄主种类及危害程度进行了调查，采用五点取样法共查到豌豆彩潜蝇的蔬菜寄主6科23种，主要分布在菊科、十字花科、豆科和葫芦科等的蔬菜上，其中以莴苣、花椰菜、豌豆、油菜、蚕豆受害最为严重；选择性田间调查和室内试验证明，莴苣是豌豆彩潜蝇最嗜好寄主。

Objective To analysis the effect of three kind of different density paper of eradicating musca, and provide the scientific basis to trial production of paper of eradicating musca.

目的 对三种不同浓度呋喃丹灭蝇纸灭蝇试验的效果进行分析，为试制灭蝇纸提供科学依据。

Six pairs of oligonucleotide primers were designed to amplify and sequence scarlet gene of mutant stbr flies which were obtained by outcross between Bar and wild type flies.

设计了6对引物对本实验室由棒眼果蝇Bar与野生型果蝇杂交所产生的亮红眼突变型果蝇stbr的scarlet基因进行了测序，结果在scarlet基因的第4外显子检测到了一个7.5kb的插入，进一步的测序证实此7.5kb插入为逆转座子412元件。

Methods Ponceau 4R was administrated orally to different groups of Drosophila melanogaster, Median lethal dose （LC50） was estimated by acute toxicity test; lifespan was tested by drosophila survival experiment; superoxide dismutase and maleic diadehyde were evaluated at different periods.

方法经口喂饲果蝇不同浓度胭脂红，通过急性毒性试验测定胭脂红半数致死浓度（median lethal dose，LC50），采用生存试验检测果蝇寿命，测定不同时间果蝇体内总超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）活性及丙二醛（maleic dialdehyde，MDA）含量。

Fly strike dermatitis occurs at the tip and folds of the ear in dogs. It is caused by bites of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans.

蝇叮咬引起的皮炎通常发生在犬只的耳尖或褶皱处，由某些蝇类叮咬引起，如厩螫蝇。

In this exper iment,we took the advantage of RNAi technique,microinjected tinman and singless dsRNA into the early embryos in Drosophila respectively and got these two genes' RNAi phenotypes,which were very similar to that of their mutant,showing heart tube defects or no heart precursors formation.tinman dsRNA eve caused visceral mesoderm defects and the somatic muscles disruption,yet wingless dsRNA only affected heart precursors and had no effect on visceral mesoderm and somatic muscles,indicationg that the heart-related genes dsRNA interference worked effectively and exclusively in Drosophila.

实验运用RNAi技术，分别将tinman和wingless的dsRNA注入果蝇的早期胚胎，得到了这两个基因的dsRNA干扰表型，与两个基因的突变体表型非常相似，都表现为果蝇心脏前体细胞不能形成或心脏管缺失。尤其是tinman基因的dsRNA，还引起了肠中胚层缺失和体壁肌肉组织的紊乱，而wingless基因的dsRNA却只影响心脏的形成，而不影响肠中胚层，说明dsRNA干扰具有非常强的特异性，因而不失为研究果蝇心脏发育基因功能的有效方法。

To further experiment with how learning and development of memories affected sleep, Ganguly-Fitzgerald and her colleagues trained male fruit flies to not court females, by tricking them with unreceptive "females," who were really males generating an aphrodisiac female scent.

为进一步研究学习和记忆发展如何影响睡眠，Ganguly-Fitzgerald和她的同事们通过假的"雌性"来戏弄雄性果蝇，训练它们不向雌性果蝇求爱，这些"雌性"实际上是产生雌性性激素气味的雄性果蝇。

The fur of a rabbit or hare .The warble fly, especially in its larval stage.

皮瘤蝇、皮瘤蝇幼虫皮瘤蝇，尤指尚处于幼虫阶段的

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。