蛋白核

Viral infection of the host cell may be switched on by the specific and stable combination of one or several viral envelope protein with one or several glycoprotein receptors available on the cell membrane, which is followed by viral pinocytosis or viral fusion with cell membrance, viral deenvelope, viral particle movement from cytoplasm towards nucleus and the viral gene passage.

病毒感染细胞可能是通过一个或几个病毒包膜蛋白与一个或多个细胞膜上的糖蛋白受体特异稳定地结合而启动，通过病毒胞饮作用或者病毒与胞膜融合、病毒脱包膜、病毒粒子从胞浆到胞核的运动和病毒基因通过核膜的传代将会发生；但参与这些动力过程相关的病毒、细胞结构和生化因子仍不清楚。

Transgenic tobacco plants were obtained through screening with kanamycin. The transgenic tobacco plants could delay TMV infection for about 25 days compared with non-transgenic tobacco plants. Pokeweed antiviral protein Ⅱ is expressed with high level in summer leaves. The expression of PAPⅡ is regulated by season. The total RNA was extracted from pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) leaves in summer using the method of TRIzol and used as template to amplify the PAPⅡ gene by RT-PCR and then the gene was cloned into E. coli expression vector and secreted expression pPIC9K vector. The two vectors with PAPⅡ gene were then transferred into E. coli strain BL21 (DE3)-plysS and Pachia pastoris GS115 strain respectively. The specific protein was produced induced by IPTG and methanol.

由于美洲商陆抗病毒蛋白Ⅱ是一个受季节调控表达的蛋白，本实验以美洲商陆夏季叶片为材料，通过对其总RNA的提取、反转录、并用PAPⅡ的特异引物进行PCR扩增，对PAPⅡ进行了基因克隆、序列分析，结果扩增出来的PAPⅡ基因与已经报道的序列同源性是99.9％，然后将该基因构建到原核、真核表达载体上，分别转化了大肠杆菌和毕赤酵母并对它们进行了诱导表达，在两个表达系统中均获得了有活性的PAPⅡ表达蛋白，体外生物测定表明表达的蛋白均具有抑制病毒的活性，PAPⅡ基因在酵母中还没有表达的报道，这为获得具活性PAPⅡ蛋白提供了一种简便可行的方法。

The transgenic tobacco plants could delay TMV infection for about 25 days compared with non-transgenic tobacco plants.Pokeweed antiviral protein II is expressed with high level in summer leaves. The expression of PAPII is regulated by season. The total RNA was extracted from pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) leaves in summer using the method of TRIzol and used as template to amplify the PAPII gene by RT-PCR and then the gene was cloned into E.coli expression vector and secreted expression pPIC9K vector. The two vectors with PAPII gene were then transferred into E.coli strain BL21 (DE3)-plysS and Pachia pastor is GS115 strain respectively. The specific protein was produced induced by IPTG and methanol.

由于美洲商陆抗病毒蛋白Ⅱ是一个受季节调控表达的蛋白，本实验以美洲商陆夏季叶片为材料，通过对其总RNA的提取、反转录、并用PAPⅡ的特异引物进行PCR扩增，对PAPⅡ进行了基因克隆、序列分析，结果扩增出来的PAPⅡ基因与已经报道的序列同源性是99.9％，然后将该基因构建到原核、真核表达载体上，分别转化了大肠杆菌和毕赤酵母并对它们进行了诱导表达，在两个表达系统中均获得了有活性的PAPⅡ表达蛋白，体外生物测定表明表达的蛋白均具有抑制病毒的活性，PAPⅡ基因在酵母中还没有表达的报道，这为获得具活性PAPⅡ蛋白提供了一种简便可行的方法。

An attractive hypothesis has been a semiconservative mechanism in which parental histones are combined with newly synthesized histones within the same core nucleosome.

一个有吸引力的假说是半保留的机制，在这一机制中，亲本的组蛋白和新合成的组蛋白共存于同一核小体核心中。

The relationship of six species from Alaudidae (Alauda arvensis Melanocorypha mongolica Calandrella cinerea Calandrella cheleensis Eremophila alpestris Galerida cristata) distributed in Inner Mongolia were studied from three aspects: Mostly in feather keratins, chromosomal karyotype and morphology adding.The contour feather vance, down feather and shaft of six Larks were studied by means of SDS-PAGE of feather keratins.

本文在羽毛角蛋白、染色体核型及形态学三个层次上，以羽毛角蛋白凝胶电泳分析为主，以染色体核型分析和形态学分析为参考，对分布于内蒙古地区的百灵科Alaudidae的6种百灵鸟的亲缘关系进行研究，包括云雀Alauda arvensis、蒙古百灵Melanocorypha mongolica、短趾百灵Calandrella cinerea、亚洲短趾百灵Calandrella cheleensis、角百灵Eremophila alpestris、凤头百灵Galerida cristata。

The expression levels of Nup88, Nup214 and NPM were decreased in a dose-dependent manner both at protein level and transcription level when cultured with deguelin.

其抗白血病效应可能与其下调核孔蛋白Nup88、Nup214以及核磷蛋白NPM的表达有关。

To investigate the expression, location and function, long distance PCR was used to expand the targets containing open reading frame. The expressive vectors of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells were constructed after product purification and connecting with vectors. The prokayotic vectors were induced to express the protein by IPTG and the protein was seen by denaturalization PAG electrophoresis and dyeing. The eukayotic expressive vectors were transfected into culture cells and the protein was found in the nulceolus under the observation of the confocal microscope. The transfected cells were chosen by the geneticin (G418). The cell cyele was examined by flow cytometer and the cell numbers were reduced obviously in the stage of G〓-G〓 and G〓-M, but increased distinguishably in the S stage.

为研究磷酸化应激诱导蛋白的表达、定位和功能，采用了长距离聚合酶链反应扩增含有开放阅读框架的靶片段，经产物纯化、与载体连接，分别构建了STIP1基因的原核表达载体和真核表达载体；IPTG诱导原核表达载体，变性聚丙酰胺凝胶电泳与染色后，可见相应大小的蛋白质表达；STIP1基因的真核表达载体转染细胞系后，共聚焦显微镜下观察STIP1蛋白主要分布于细胞核内；用药物筛选STIP1基因转染的细胞后，流式细胞仪检测细胞周期，可见G〓-G〓期和G〓-M期的细胞明显降低，S期细胞明显增多。

ResultsThe glandular cell in the endometrial implant after therapy with middle or high-dose of (10,15 gkg-1d-1) XiaoChaiHu Decoction showed characteristic features of apoptosis which displayed by the cell decreased in size, karyopyknosis , cytoplasmic and nuclear chromatin condensation , density increased and a lot of apoptotic bodies among cell. Whereas some stromal cell displayed degeneration and necrosis. The protein expression of Fas and Caspase-3 in endometriotic tissue of XiaoChaiHu Decoction group was higher than that in the endometrium.

结果中、高剂量小柴胡汤（10，15 gkg-1d-1）治疗后，异位内膜有较多腺上皮细胞出现凋亡的特征，表现为细胞体积变小，核固缩，胞浆和核染色质凝集，密度增高，细胞间凋亡小体，同时间质细胞中可见一些坏死细胞；异位内膜Fas蛋白、Caspase-3蛋白的表达水平明显高于其在位内膜。

Yu C G%Ma M%Ding T%Hetrick F,Hsu H T Biochemical characterization and time course analysis of Lymantria dispar nuclear polyhedrosis virus with monoclonal antibodies Canadian Journal of Microbiology , 1992,null

王根 棉铃虫核型多角体病毒多角体蛋白基因的克隆和核苷酸序列分析病毒学报， 1997，(1)吴柏春 1990中国棉铃虫核型多角体病毒VH A273毒株多角体蛋白某些理化特性的研究病毒学杂志， null，null

To localize the functional positions of biomolecules in ciliates cell, we constructed a macronuclear artificial chromosome containing a gene encoding red fluorescence protein based on the structural characteristics of ciliates chromosome.

为了能够有效地分析生物大分子在该细胞中的功能作用位点，本研究根据该生物染色体结构的特征，构建了含有红色荧光蛋白的大核人工染色体EoMAC_R，并与之前构建的含绿色荧光的大核染色体EoMAC_G一起，对蛋白质合成终止有关的3个重要因子核糖体大亚基蛋白L11、多肽链释放因子eRF1和eRF3在八肋游仆虫细胞中进行了荧光共定位分析。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐