蚀的

That is less copper anion in the environment. PASP has the effect of corrosion inhibition in hydrochloric acid solution. In addition the potation of cathode summit current turned negative as increasing PASP concentration, and the potential of anode summit current turned positive, it can constrain the corrosion of copper. That is to say PASP is a mixed corrosion inhibitor and can constrain the corrosion of copper surface.

循环伏安测试结果表明： PASP的加入同时抑制了铜表面的阴阳极反应，使阴极峰和阳极峰电流都减弱，说明此环境中的铜离子的含量较少，PASP对铜在盐酸中有缓蚀作用；另外阴极峰电位随着PASP添加浓度的增大而依次变负，而阳极峰电位依次变正，抑制了铜的腐蚀，说明PASP是混合型缓蚀剂，有效地阻止了铜表面的腐蚀。

We used ITO glass substrate and high purity（99.99%） titanium , put to use sputtering process, add to high purity O2 make it complete the best structure film and the thickness about 1400 . By way of 500℃ anneal could got a better anatase phase, this result could easy reaction with electrolyte to increase electron-transferred. Used as spin casting covering PR on ITO substrate, transferring patterns of array circular shapes on a mask to photography, used optimize temperature and time to hard bake. Finally used HCl to etching underexposed TiO2 area, and acetone to tripper top PR, make it to accomplish pillars shape TiO2 electrode.

本研究使用ITO玻璃基板为底材在以高纯度钛(99.99%)为靶材，利用溅镀方式通入纯氧使其行成高纯度TiO2镀於ITO基板上行成厚度约1400的薄膜，且经500℃高温烧结使其行成最强的锐钛矿结晶相，此晶相有利於与电解液反应进而增加电子的转移，提升太阳能电池最佳的效率，在以旋转涂布方式铺上光阻，以矩阵排列的圆孔光罩曝光、最佳的温度及时间来烘烤、显影后；使用盐酸以等向性湿蚀刻方式蚀刻未曝光之TiO2区域，最后利用鈵铜将最上层光阻去除，使其行成柱状TiO2的电极。

Anisotropically etched insulative sidewall spacers are formed over opposing sidewalls of individual of said transistor gate lines within the peripheral circuitry area prior to forming anisotropically etched insulative sidewall spacers over opposing sidewalls of individual of said transistor gate lines within the memory array area.

在所述存储器阵列区域内的所述晶体管栅极线中的个别者的相对侧壁上形成各向异性蚀刻的绝缘侧壁隔离物(40)之前，在所述外围电路区域内的所述晶体管栅极线中的个别者的相对侧壁上形成各向异性蚀刻的绝缘侧壁隔离物(34)。

Cavitations in foreign hydraulic turbines appear in clear water condition, so its destructive extent is not far more serious than in Yellow River hi our country. Stronger stiffness and more agility are required for Special-purpose robot for hydraulic turbine repair used in our country. Foreign robot for hydraulic turbine repair could not satisfy our working require, so we develop special-purpose robot system that is used to polish and weld repair cavitate flow path surfaces of hydraulic turbines on all location.

国外水电站的水轮机汽蚀是在清水条件下产生的，其破坏程度远不及我国黄河等水域严重，用于我国水轮机修复工作的专用机器人，要求有更强的刚度和更大的灵活性，国外水轮机修复机器人满足不了我国水轮机修复工作的要求，因此我们开发了用于在机坑内对水轮机空蚀磨损破坏表面进行修复的&水轮机修复专用机器人&。

It was also found that the protecting effect of erodents on the coating surface does exist. The protecting effect will be more evident if using erosion efficiency of unit mass erodent of sand in the slurry to describe the erosivity of erodent. Besides a model is proposed to explain the protection process. The wear mechanism of the coating is the co-operation of ploughing, cracking and ablation.

对涂层的SEM分析可知，除冲蚀粒子在涂层表面的犁沟作用，冲蚀磨损的结果造成涂层的表面生成了系列针孔，其中的一部分为溶剂挥发所至，另外还存在由增强颗粒的剥落和裂纹的扩展造成的涂层剥落产生的孔洞，这将可能为水的吸收和扩散造成有利条件，使复合涂层亚表层产生内应力。

The thermally cured Etch-resist ink (2) was then removed from the unetched areas of copper by immersing the film in an aqueous solution of 5% by weight caustic at a temperature of 50° C.

的热固化刻蚀抵抗油墨（2）然后从铜的未腐蚀× 100区除名的沉浸在了5％水溶液的电影，由重量烧碱为50 ° C的温度由此产生的FR4电路板蚀刻水冲洗和干燥的空气在25 ° C

It is considered that link wear speed on seal surface is proportional to the contacting pressure. The impacting of valve disk on valve seat is the important reason of abrasive wear, and the relative motion of disk is a main reason for errosion wear of pump valve. The cycles per minute is an important factor to influence the valve motion and the impact force.

结果表明，泵阀密封面联接磨损的磨损速度与密封面上的接触比压成正比，泵的冲次是影响阀盘运动规律及对阀座产生冲击的重要因素，泵阀产生磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损的主要原因是泥浆、阀盘和阀座的冲击，冲蚀磨损导致泵阀的刺蚀。

As pH value varied in the course of diagenesis,reservoirs experienced one to three cementations or dissolution generations.Lots of secondary dissolution pores developed in the late diagenetic stage,because of the acidic mediums in the process of generation and migration of oil and gas. The anhydrites deposited in the dissolved pores resulted in the heterogeneity of secondary pores.

储层在成岩过程中受地层水pH值变化的影响，经历1~3个世代的胶结或溶蚀作用，其中在晚成岩期油气生成和运移过程中形成的酸性成岩环境对早成岩期生成的碳酸盐岩胶结物和储层中的长石矿物溶蚀，因而产生了大量的次生溶孔，但随后在溶孔中沉淀了不等量的硬石膏，导致了次生孔隙的非均质性。

The reservoir rock types in the region of interest are grain limestone, algal limestone, cryptite, siltstone, muddy limestone and mudstone. The thesis identified as a result of changes in the deposition causing the heterogeneity in plane, and then the geological oil reserves have been calculated in accordance with the areal heterogeneity.3、Based on the data of core analysis, bore logging, array induction imaging log and FMI, porosity and permeability model were built using regression analysis. Through testing 45 rock samples, a, b, m, n value were obtained and used to calculate single-layer oil saturation value using the Archie formula. According to the theory of laterolog and inductolog, resistivity ratio and cross plot were used to identification effective thickness. Effective thickness was identified delicately in 103 wells. Based on the over work, active porosity and oil saturation was calculated accurately.4、According to observation of 100 pieces of the thin slices, cast thin slices and 383m core in three wells, the chief diagenesis in this area were compaction, cementation, denudation and cataclasis. Cementation and denudation were universally influenced active porosity this area. The intergranular pores, residual pores and secondary pores were formed in thin carbonated reservoir of lacustrine facies.5、The influence of reservoir heterogeneity to reservoir calculation was analyzed systematically using actual data. And the conclusions were as follows:①The principal reason leading to oil distribution unequal is interior structural feature of reservoir in structural hydrocarbon reservoir.

确定了由于沉积微相的变化而导致的平面非均质性，进而在平面上按照平面非均质单元计算了石油地质储量。3、利用岩心分析、常规测井曲线与阵列感应、成像测井资料相结合，分岩性利用回归分析方法建立了储层孔隙度、渗透率模型；通过对45块岩样进行岩电试验，获取了a、b、m、n值，利用阿尔奇公式计算了各单层含油饱和度值；根据侧向电阻率和感应电阻率串并联特性，利用电阻率比值法与常规交会图法相结合重建了有效厚度图版，对全区103口井目的层段进行了有效厚度精细划分，通过以上工作，准确求取了储量计算单元内有效厚度参数、有效孔隙度参数以及含油饱和度参数。4、通过对研究区3口井383m岩心观察，100余块薄片、铸体薄片镜下鉴定得出：油泉子油田上、下油砂山组储层主要成岩作用是压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用和破裂作用，其中溶蚀作用、胶结作用最普遍，这两种作用对有效孔隙度影响最大，以上成岩作用形成了原生粒间孔、粒间残余孔和次生孔隙(如粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔、铸模孔、晶间孔等)为主的薄层湖相碳酸盐岩储层。5、利用实际资料，系统分析了油藏非均质对储量计算的影响，认为：①对于构造油气藏而言，油气藏构造及断裂特征是造成油气分布不均的首要原因，储集条件相同的条件下，构造高部位有利于储存油气，油气在垂向的重力分异体现了油气藏内部构造的不均一特征。

Foreign robot for hydraulic turbine repair could not satisfy our working require, so we develop special-purpose robot system that is used to polish and weld repair cavitated flow path surfaces of hydraulic turbines on all locations.

国外水电站的水轮机汽蚀是在清水条件下产生的，其破坏程度远不及我国黄河等水域严重，用于我国水轮机修复工作的专用机器人，特别是补焊后承担打磨的机器人，要求有更强的刚度和更大的灵活性，国外水轮机修复机器人满足不了我国水轮机修复工作要求，因此我们开发了用于在机坑内对水轮机空蚀磨损破坏表面进行修复的&水轮机修复专用机器人&。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。