薄膜的

The making process includes: setting insulating solid film on one horizontal rotating carrier with particle detecting unit and etching with single particle beam in the incident angle of 9.6-90 deg to penetrate the film, shifting the film relatively to the single particle beam and etching for the next time, and so on until the film is rotated by one turn to obtain truncated cone shaped, double turned truncated cone shaped or cylindrical single nanometer hole.

本发明将固体绝缘薄膜置于带有粒子检测装置的一个可水平旋转的载体上，用单粒子束刻蚀该薄膜，单粒子束入射角大于等于9.6°、小于等于90°，并且单粒子束在该薄膜底部、顶部、或二者之间与薄膜旋转轴交叉，待单粒子束完全穿透该薄膜后，固体绝缘薄膜底部的粒子监测器反馈使该薄膜被穿透处与单粒子束相对移动1荆再刻蚀，如此反复，直至固体绝缘薄膜旋转一周，获得圆台形、双倒圆台形或圆筒形的单纳米孔。

Film or paper surface dirty, and wrapped it into the dust or clear plastic mulch films after the crease or relaxation phenomena, film hemming switched to a new membrane drying temperature is too high, adhesive surface crust adjust oven temperature, clear crusts partⅱ thermotolerance cohesion and not enough use better glue wrinkle of polymer-coated film transfer after the roll is not the proper balance of films at both ends are inconsistent or wave; adjustment layer of polymer-coated machine too thick, solvent evaporation incomplete, viscosity, pressure drum extrusion, paper (Business card printing and membership card making products) and films between slide to adjust the film covering technology electrothermic roll and rubber roller ends is not plain, pressure is inconsistent, ranging from the adjustment of the linear speed of the machine after the temperature inside the plastic mulch film covering the subject in yellow glue resin particularly resin or additives not resistant to ageing, in the light, heat, under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, chemical change, build the pigments should be switched to a new glue

薄膜或纸张表面不干净，裹入灰尘或杂质清除后再行覆膜薄膜有折皱或松驰现象，薄膜卷边换用新膜干燥温度过高，粘合剂表面结皮调整烘道温度，清除结皮胶的粘接力和耐热性不够换用更好的胶水覆膜后起皱薄膜传送辊是否不平衡；薄膜两端松紧不一致或波浪边；调整覆膜机器胶层过厚，溶剂蒸发不彻底，影响了粘度，受压力滚筒挤压，纸张与薄膜之间产生滑动调整覆膜工艺电热辊与橡胶辊两端不平、压力不一致、线速度不等调整覆膜机器覆膜后易变黄胶水中的主体树脂特别是一些增粘树脂或助剂不耐老化，在光、热、紫外线的影响下，发生化学变化，生成有色物质应换用新胶水

Further increasing the Cr thickness results in larger grain size and fewer hillocks in the Al pads.

附著性方面，当於铝和ITO锡薄膜间，沈积10 nm的铬薄膜，即可明显提升薄膜附著性，薄膜附著性由小於0.25 N/mm2提升至47.78 N/mm2。

In this paper, the action mode of NMA in the traditional polyacrylate emulsions was studied by extracting the traditional self-curable PA latex film before curing and comparing the properties of two kinds of model latices A and B. Where model A was prepared according to the traditional self-curable PA latex and the model B was a blend of polyacrylates emulsion and an aqueous solution of poly-NMA. The total proportions of the ingredients were adjusted just the same as of model A. The influences of monomers, the dosages of crosslinking monomer A and emulsifier etc.

文中通过构造&共聚&和共混两个胶乳模型，研究了常规&自交联&PA胶乳中N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺的作用模式；分析讨论低温水性PA胶乳的聚合工艺及影响因素；通过分析胶膜的溶失率、吸水率、力学性质和Tg，及用扫描探针显微镜观察薄膜的微观表面形态和粗糙度的测试，研究水性PA胶乳的成膜性能、稳定性及基本性能；测试并分析胶乳作为涂料印花粘合剂和织物涂层剂的使用性能；通过核壳聚合技术对无甲醛胶乳产品进行性能优化。

By dehydrochlorination reaction the poly[(2-methoxyl-5-octyloxy)phenylene vinylene] is synthesized and the material"s structure is characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectrum, ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry. At the meantime, the fluorescence spectrum is measured and the mechanism of fluorescence occurring is analyzed. Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer"s results show that the MO-PPV"s thermal stability is fine. Also the experiment of resolvable property indicates that the MO-PPV can well dissolve in chloroform. Through analyzing the film"s surface by Metaloscope and Atomic Force Microscope, the good filming is found.

通过脱氯缩合法合成了聚(2-甲氧基-5-辛氧基)对苯乙炔，并分别用核磁共振波谱法、红外吸收光谱法、紫外-可见分光光度法等对其进行了结构表征；测量了样品的荧光光谱，分析了荧光产生的机理；热失重仪分析了材料的热稳定性，研究表明MO-PPV材料具有良好的热稳定性；溶解性实验发现材料在氯仿中溶解性较好；金相显微镜和原子力显微镜研究了薄膜的表面形貌，发现该材料的成膜性良好；材料的导电性研究表明，固体材料在掺杂下才可以表现出导电特性，而配成溶液的材料导电性因溶剂的不同而不同，并随溶解时间的长短发生变化。

In addition, we discovered the law of heat transfer in this susceptor by the analysis of the temperature in it changing with the heating time.

另外，通过对其温度随加热时间变化的分析，发现刻槽基座的热输运规律，即所刻的槽改变了基座中感应产生热量的热传导方向，衬底的热量是由槽上下基座部分传递而来的，且随时间的增大，基座的温度趋于恒定，衬底的温度趋于均匀，这有利于提高生长薄膜的质量。

Comparing to the properties of adobes manufacturing by tape casting process from different grains, as a result, the larger particles within the range of nanometer may easily from the highdensity adobes. But the fine particles have better sintering properties.

但在烧结过程中，细粒度粉料表现出更好的性能，实验制备的YSZ电解质薄膜的面积比电阻在1123K，比德国D样品大幅度下降。573～1023K的阻抗谱显示出实验制备的YSZ电解质试样的晶粒、晶界和电极处的阻抗都明显降低，综合性能明显优于国外同类产品。

Adding transition metals into the TiN films by arc ion plating (1) The hardnesses of theN films are higher that that of the TiN films, proving that the alloy hardening effect is a common phenomenon;(2) The structures of the alloyed films are determined by the added element properties such as covalent radius, electro negativity, free energy and lattice parameters of the MN compound;(3) theN film consists of a mixture of multi phases with high hardness but quite brittle, while the other MN films are composed of single phase with the fcc TiN structure and their hardesses, functions of the added amounts of the elements, manifest always a maximum at a certain M percentage.

一、将过渡金属M用电弧离子镀方法添加于TiN薄膜中：1。N薄膜硬度均高于TiN薄膜硬度，合金强化效应普遍存在；2。薄膜相结构决定于添加元素M的周期律信息，包括M的共价半径、电负性，及MN化合物的自由能、晶格常数等；3。N为多相混合结构，薄膜硬度高，但韧性差；其它N的相结构为TiN类型的单一fcc结构，薄膜硬度随M添加量变化并出现峰值；4。

On the base of the above-mentioned results, this paper further investigated the local micro-actuating behaviors induced by the volume change of PPy doped with ssDNA on the microdot electrode within the microchannel. It was found that, in 80μm channel the volume change of PPy film doped with ssDNA probe could enhanced the effect of DNA hybridization.

在上述结果的提示下，论文进一步在微通道内初步考察了在ssDNA掺杂修饰的PPy微点上因其电化学氧化还原所致的体积变化率而造成的局部微致动行为，发现在80μm微通道内掺杂了ssDNA探针的PPy薄膜的体积变化足以引起随后DNA杂交效果的变化。

A Dense scale on the2O3(Cr/Y=4/1) coated specimen;2O3(Al/Y=3.6/1) coated specimen; Oxide nodules formed at the corner on the specimen coated with2O3(Cr/Y=2/1) deposited for 15 s; Locally spalled scale on the same specimen as in; The trace of cracks in the deposited oxide film on the scale formed on the specimen coated with2O3 (Cr/Y=2/1) deposited for 60 s; Showing the similar trace on the same specimen as in b

沉积复合OTFC试样的氧化层形貌有如下特征：(1)氧化层绝大部分致密、完整、与基体附着良好，晶粒细小（图7a，7b）；(2)在短时间(15s)沉积2O3 OTFC试样的局部表面出现了不均匀氧化（图7c，7d），但只是在沉积Cr/Y=4/1膜试样的局部表面产生了类似无涂层Fe25Cr上剥落的厚膜（图7d）；(3)沉积2O3(Cr/Y=2/1) 60s（图7e）与15s（图7c）的结果不同，前者整个试样表面氧化产物颗粒细小，无粗大氧化物颗粒形成；(4)沉积2O3(Cr/Y=2/1) 60s和2O3(Al/Y=3.6/1)薄膜的试样由于氧化增重非常少，氧化层很薄，刻印着涂层中局部出现的裂纹（图7e，7f），这种印迹的保留可能反映着传质机制的改变，即新氧化物由在外表面形成转变为在外表面以下形成。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷