薄膜

For PVC, sayqat-Lu's fen, polyester, nylon, and so on film, because of their larger surface tension of the usual business card printing and membership card product requirements can be direct business card printing and membership card production (the actual requirements of the customers because in recent years, these materials in business card printing and membership card before or after a treatment), and is not handled by the polyolefin film surface tension is very low, such as pE is 31 Dyne, pp 29a Dyne, to business card printing and membership card-making should be increased to 38 Diane 2, this requires surface treatment on the film.

对于聚氯乙烯、赛璐玢、聚酯、尼龙等薄膜，因其表面张力较大，一般在制卡和会员卡制作产品要求不高时可直接制卡和会员卡制作（实际由于近年来客户要求的提高，这些材料在制卡和会员卡制作前也要经过处理），而未处理过的聚烯烃薄膜表面张力很低，如pE为31达因、pp为29达因，为了制卡和会员卡制作应将其提高到38达因2上，这就需要对薄膜进行表面处理。

Energetic particle deposition is one kind of thin film synthesis technique based on energetic beam, such as, IBAD, PLD, IBD etc, which is considered to be of good prospect for wide range of applications. However, comprehensive and systematic understanding has been hardly achieved about the growth mechanism of energetic deposition, especially low energetic deposition.

载能粒子沉积是以离子束技术和常规薄膜制备技术为基础而发展起来的一类具有广泛应用前景的薄膜制备方法，但受研究手段的限制，人们对载能粒子特别是低能粒子沉积的薄膜生长机制一直缺乏比较全面、系统的了解。

To control the film growth,severalmethods based on energetic particle(atom and/or ion)depositions,e.g.,ion beam assisteddeposition,sputter deposition,accelerated molecular beam epitaxy,and energy-filtered ionbeam deposition,etc.,were developed in the past few years.

载能粒子沉积是以离子束技术和常规薄膜制备技术为基础而发展起来的一类具有广泛应用前景的薄膜制备方法，但受研究手段的限制，人们对载能粒子沉积的薄膜生长机制一直缺乏比较全面、系统的了解。

Analyse the root of equation, when the refractive index of film is less or greater than the refractive index of substrate; and draw up the graph of the equation root, gain the condition of single extreme or double extreme.

分别从薄膜小于衬底折射率和薄膜大于衬底折射率出发，分析了这两种类型薄膜的迭代求解情况，并描绘出了相应的图线，得到了出现单极值和双极值的条件。

Equiareal ZnO naorods with high orientation and a high aspect ratio on ZnO-coated seed substrates were fabricated from the Zn(NO3)2/NaOH supersaturated solutions; the mechanisms without and with electrical field were discussed based on the phase stability diagram for solid ZnO and the oxidation of OHˉ.

本文采用过饱和硝酸锌/氢氧化钠溶液在ZnO晶种面上制备均匀一致，取向好，长径比大的ZnO纳米棒晶薄膜；用相平衡图和羟基氧化反应讨论了无电场和电场下ZnO薄膜的沉积机理；采用了SEM、XRD、TEM、HRTEM和UV-VIS表征了薄膜的相组成、结晶形貌和透光率。

Seventh: The sol-gel method developed here for the synthesis of nanocrystalline film gate are compatible with conventional silicon planar technology, and there is no any limitation to the polarity of the film type n or p for making different kinds of nanocrystalline-film-gate-OSFET sensor. This is a very important basic work for the extending, improving and integrating of the similar devices.

七、研究开发的制备氧化物及复合氧化物纳米晶薄膜的溶胶—凝胶工艺可以实现与硅平面工艺兼容，采用该工艺可以制作不同纳米薄膜栅的OSFET新型气敏元件，薄膜的导电类型不受限制，可以是N型的，也可以是P型半导体，为该种类器件的推广和改进以及进一步的集成化创造了基础。

This thesis demonstrates the pre-polymers in a polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid crystals can be polymerized into a polymer film, which can eliminate the aligning capability of the homogeneous alignment layer. Thereafter, the textures of the cholesteric liquid crystals in UV-cured region can be changed from reflective planar texture to the scattered focal conic one. Additionally, the clearing temperature of the liquid crystals can be reduced by doping with chiral dopant or monomers. The cause is the increase of the impurity concentration in LCs. In other words, if the monomers are polymerized, the clearing temperature of LCs in that region should increase due to the decrease of the impurity concentration. Therefore, impurities associated with doping with monomeric and chiral dopants cause the clearing temperature of LCs in cured region to differ from that in uncured region.

本文中，我们提出在高分子聚合物薄膜之胆固醇液晶(polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid crystals，简称PDCLCs)中，利用紫外光使PDCLC中的单体聚合成薄膜，此即为光引致聚合反应，而该薄膜将原本在表面所作的配向膜覆盖且破坏其配向能力，使胆固醇液晶由原本反射的planar结构转换成散射的focal conic结构；另外，有关液晶材料的相变温度会由於掺杂手性分子或单体而降低，此因液晶材料内『杂质』浓度增加，而造成的液晶材料之不纯度增加，最终导致相变温度降低，若搭配上述光引致聚合反应，则由於光照区之单体聚合，使该区域单体占总材料之比例下降，即不纯度降低，进而使液晶材料之相变温度上升，该区域之相变温度与未照光区有所不同。

Compared with the film produced under the normal incidence, the number of the large particles for films fabricated at the deposition angle of 30° decreases greatly and the nano-particles with better distribution and more uniform particle size are formed after high temperature treatment.

经过高温热处理，相比于垂直沉积的纳米薄膜， 30°倾斜沉积制备的薄膜微观结构中大晶粒的数量显著下降，形成颗粒分布较好的纳米颗粒薄膜。

The absorption and reflection properties of the sublimated BTN-SubPc thin film are pretty good at 500 nm～650 nm, which matches well with the wavelength of semiconductor laser used in digital versatile disk systems.

在室温下测试了该亚酞菁染料在溶液和薄膜态的吸收光谱、薄膜态的反射和透过光谱，发现该薄膜在500nm～650nm波长范围内具有优良的吸收和反射特性。

It will lead to the increase of leakage current and the deterioration of electrical property.

如果我们能够通过适当的表面处理使存在于SiCOH薄膜表面的孔闭合，就有可能有效地降低Cu向薄膜内部的扩散，从而改善多孔SiCOH薄膜的电学性能。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。