薄弱

Some people think that: It is now Xi'an weak second-hand housing market and a popular market has formed a strong contrast.

有些人认为：现在是西安薄弱二手房市场和大众市场已形成了强烈对比。

However, it is proved during engineering practice that the adhesion between the layers of the pavement structure is poor, the adhesion quality is between absolutely slippery and whole continuous, and the interface transfer force by contact.

然而，工程实践证明，沥青混凝土层与水泥稳定层之间以及沥青混凝土层之间的层间界面粘接比较薄弱，处于完全滑动与完全连续的中间状态，层与层之间通过接触传递应力。

To subdivide the finite element analysis, the elastoplastic time travel analysis is done within the range of horizontal structural weak layer under the action of earthquake infrequently, which is feasible to find out the location of structural weak layer and breaking-down mechanism and meanwhile givesreference valuable to the design of high-rise buildings.

采用细化有限元分析方法，根据对结构横向薄弱部位作罕遇地震作用下的弹塑性时程分析，该方法对找出结构薄弱层位置和破坏机制可行，对高层建筑设计具有一定的参考价值。

This article will analyze Our country Enterprise internal control present situation, proposed that our country question which exists in this aspect: The system is imperfect, carries out ineffectually, the control environment is weak; Lacks suitable control; The risk assessment insufficiency, risk guard consciousness is weak; The accounting information distorts, the information conduction is not smooth; Supervising mechanism not perfect and so on.

本文将分析我国企业内部控制现状，提出我国在这方面存在的问题，诸如制度不完善，执行不得力，控制环境薄弱；缺乏适当的控制活动；风险评估不足、风险防范意识薄弱；会计信息失真，信息传导不流畅；监督机制不健全等。

In this scheme weak voltage area are determined by the network sensitivity index method; Considering the relation between low voltage level and voltage collapse, it is put forward that the voltage magnitude variation rate is taken as the observed information for the grouping of weak voltage buses and weak voltage grouping are given; Taking geographic factors into consideration, a fuzzy maximal tree is established to group the weak voltage buses. The method to measure the incomplete observability of buses and the flow chart of PMU configuration are given.

应用网损灵敏度法来判断电压崩溃临界点和电压薄弱区域；考虑低电压水平与电压崩溃的关系，提出将电压幅值变化率作为电压薄弱母线分群所观察的信息，并且给出了电压薄弱分群指标，兼顾地域因素，采用模糊最大树聚类法将电压薄弱母线分群；给出了母线非完全可观测程度的度量方法以及 PMU 的配置流程。

At first in the preliminary design this paper computes the linear damping coefficient of the viscous damper employed in this project using Composite Response Spectra approach, meantime, this paper proves that reducing the exponent of velocity of the piston can increase the magnitude of the dissipative energy, because of the viscous damper employed in the practical project character nonlinear behavior; next this chapter performs analysis and comparison between the building without and with the viscous dampers aforementioned when the building suffers from various Time Domain Response, from the angle of displacement, interstroy drift, velocity, interstory velocity, acceleration, energy, maximum axial force of the dampers and of the column etc., in order to prove that the incorporating the viscous dampers into the buildings has great superiority on enhancing its aseismic performance ; furthermore, this chapter also expatiates on diverse assembly form of the viscous dampers that results in the adverse impact on the internal force of the structural member in this building, on the ground of which this segment bring about the preference of the assembly form of the viscous damper; finally this chapter points out the sphere of application of the analysis and computation using Composite Response Spectra approach in design: it is available in well-proportioned stiffness structures and isn抰 available in the structures that contain weak story. It is recommendable, particularly, to incorporate the fluid viscous dampers into this structure that contain weak story to refrain earthquake and reinforce, such as the Central Hall of Shanghai Exhibition Hall.

首先使用了反应谱分析法设计出欲附设的粘滞阻尼器的线性阻尼系数，由于实际工程所用的粘滞阻尼器具有非线性的特性，故而笔者又证明了降低速度指数对提高粘滞阻尼器的耗能量的优势所在；接着分别从位移、层间位移、速度、层间速度、加速度、能量、最大阻尼出力和柱轴力等不同的角度对结构在附设粘滞阻尼器前后的时程反应进行了分析对比，籍此在实际工程中证明了附设粘滞阻尼器对于提高结构的抗震性能的优越性；再者，笔者还阐述了采用不同的粘滞阻尼器布置方式对结构中构件内力特别是柱轴力和基座竖向反力产生的不利影响，并在此基础上提出了布置方式的优选；最后，指出了反应谱法在设计中的适用范围：对于均匀结构反应谱法能够使用，而对于含有薄弱层的结构反应谱法并不适用；对于类似于上海展览馆中央大厅的含薄弱层的结构尤其值得使用粘滞阻尼器的方法进行抗震加固。

In the end,it is brought forward that some items should be researched first,such as the research on conception,statistics unit,constant inspection,law control,management system,public participation,industry policy,resource evaluation,and environmental impact assessment of Shoaly Land exploitation.

最后，对比研究框架，指出当前我国的滩涂基础研究薄弱，应用研究也不全面，宜优先发展滩涂定义界定、统计口径与动态监测和法律管制、管理体制、公众参与、产业政策、资源定级估价与滩涂开发环境影响评价等滩涂研究的薄弱环节。

There is a great difference inhumanities and social sciences education between domestic medical colleges and others inthe developed countries, such as the schooling mode, management and school running,students\' origin, humanistic foundation, teaching methods and improvement of the teachingstaff structure etc.

目前我国医学院校人文社科教育存在的问题主要有：对人文社科教育重视程度不够；学生人文素质水平不高，人文社科基础知识薄弱；人文社科课程设置不合理，课时少；教学方法单一、死板；师资力量较薄弱等。

The stiffness effect of the infill walls can make the soft storey effect occur in the infilled frames.

要避免因填充墙不均匀分布引起的薄弱层效应，最有效办法就是控制结构在薄弱层附近的侧移刚度比。

Based on reference [1], a new index to estimate the voltage stability weakness of nodes and a method to judge the transmission line with weak voltage stability are proposed.

在文献[1]的基础上提出一种新的衡量节点电压稳定性薄弱程度的指标和一种判断电压稳定性薄弱线路的方法。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。