薄层

Various value of mass transfer number and the oxidizer mass flux were considered in the calculation. The regression rate of the solid fuel was formulized based on the calculation.

为了深入了解混合燃烧的机理，在1963年由Marxman等[3]提出了基于边界层燃烧的对流传热控制模型，该模型假定燃烧发生在固体燃料升华表面上的边界层中的一个相对薄的火焰层中。

The foundation of arch dam usually is layer rock base, and the depths of the layer are small, it is common that several layer rock base contact with one layer element grid. According to the geometry relation and the property of shape function, a new element kind that includes 24 nodes has been proposed to dissect the dam and foundation effectively, whose shape function are independent. In fact the element can be looked as a hexahedron divided into five small hexahedrons. It can be simulate all kind of the condition of the base and the dam.

拱坝的地基一般是层状岩石地基，有的层厚度很小，这样就有多个岩层和坝体某层单元接触，本文根据岩基与坝体接触的几何关系，利用形函数的性质，提出24节点六面体层单元，这种单元实际上是将一个厚的六面体单元分成5个更薄的六面体单元而形成的，其形函数采用可以拆分的形式表达，因此可以方便地解决坝体单元的一、二、三、四个面与错动带接触的情况，可以模拟一、二、三、四个棱边与错动带接触的情况，还可以退化为12节点的四边形面单元，以及五面体层单元。

Fine calibration for horizon, bed plane analysis techniques,seismic coherence data analysis,high resolution impedance inve...

在应用解释系统中放大地震剖面、时间切片、椅式切片和三维可视化等常规解释功能的基础上，结合精细层位标定、层面解释分析技术、地震相干数据分析技术和高分辨率波阻抗反演等多种技术开展小断层的研究，避免了 1m～ 2 m薄储层断失；应用地质统计学方法进行动态时深转换，提高密集井网区构造解释精度；进行全三维的层面和断面成图，指导复杂条件的井位调整；总结出构造发育特征与储层有效厚度分布的关系。

Based on logging and petrophysics analysis,the elastic parameters(such as elastic impedance,Poisson's ratio and so on) of the effective reservoir are obtained by prestack inversion,and fluid properties are analyzed,which can provide reference for drilling well location.

针对苏里格地区盒8段有效储层厚度薄，横向变化快，常规解释结果多解性强的特点，从测井、岩石物理分析入手，开展叠前地震反演提取有效储层的弹性参数，综合分析预测储层的含流体特性，为钻探井位提供依据。

Using maximum flooding surface and local explosure erosion surface as the correlation framework surface in the 4-th hierarchical base-level cycles, sand-body in the 3-th hierarchical base-level cycles formed in the 4-th hierarchical base-level cycles may be correlated layer by layer. The law of the sand-body and the characters of reservoir heterogeneity formed in the 4-th hierarchical base-level cycles are discussed. The study shows:①During early period of the 4-th hierarchical base-level cycle rising, subaqueous distributary channel formed, continuously stacked vertically, and migrated in limit range laterally, and channel sand-body stretches farther longitudinally, and lacks interbeds of mud rock and siltsand in sand rock, reservoir heterogeneity is relatively weak.②During mid-period of the 4-th hierarchical base-level cycle rising, subsaqueous distributary channel migrated actively, channel divided and converged strongly to form netted sand-body and sand sheet mainly, but interbeds of mud rock and siltsand increases gradually in sand-body, reservoir heterogeneity increased.③During later period of the 4-th hierarchical base-level rising and early period of the 4-th hierarchical base-level falling, reservoir sand-body was poor, and only form thin sand-body of subsaqueous distributary channel, subsaqeuous creveas and distal mouth bar, sand-bodys are surrounded by mud and silt rock.

进一步采用以第4层次基准面旋回中相当最大湖泛面的相转换面和具有区域性暴露侵蚀作用的层序边界面为等时地层对比框架的边界，对发育于MSC2—MSC4三个第4层次基准面旋回的第3层次基准面旋回内砂体进行了逐层等时对比，探讨第4层次等时地层对比格架内储集砂体发育分布规律，及储集砂体的非均质性特点，研究发现：①第4层次基准面上升初期发育的水下分流河道，砂体呈连续叠置、侧向迁移受限，纵向上呈长距离延伸的带状产出，砂体间泥、粉砂岩夹层少，储层非均质性相对较弱；②在第4层次基准面上升中期发育的水下分流河道侧向迁移活跃，纵向延伸过程中分流汇合作用强烈，以形成网状或席状连片砂体为主，但砂体间泥、粉砂岩夹层逐渐增多，储层非均质性增强；③第4层次基准面上升晚期和下降早期，不利于储集砂体发育，仅出现少量薄的水下分流河道、水下决口扇、远—河口砂坝砂体。

A Dense scale on the2O3(Cr/Y=4/1) coated specimen;2O3(Al/Y=3.6/1) coated specimen; Oxide nodules formed at the corner on the specimen coated with2O3(Cr/Y=2/1) deposited for 15 s; Locally spalled scale on the same specimen as in; The trace of cracks in the deposited oxide film on the scale formed on the specimen coated with2O3 (Cr/Y=2/1) deposited for 60 s; Showing the similar trace on the same specimen as in b

沉积复合OTFC试样的氧化层形貌有如下特征：(1)氧化层绝大部分致密、完整、与基体附着良好，晶粒细小（图7a，7b）；(2)在短时间(15s)沉积2O3 OTFC试样的局部表面出现了不均匀氧化（图7c，7d），但只是在沉积Cr/Y=4/1膜试样的局部表面产生了类似无涂层Fe25Cr上剥落的厚膜（图7d）；(3)沉积2O3(Cr/Y=2/1) 60s（图7e）与15s（图7c）的结果不同，前者整个试样表面氧化产物颗粒细小，无粗大氧化物颗粒形成；(4)沉积2O3(Cr/Y=2/1) 60s和2O3(Al/Y=3.6/1)薄膜的试样由于氧化增重非常少，氧化层很薄，刻印着涂层中局部出现的裂纹（图7e，7f），这种印迹的保留可能反映着传质机制的改变，即新氧化物由在外表面形成转变为在外表面以下形成。

Using analyses of the surface chemical species formed on palladium in both conditions of flowing oxygen and the ammonia oxidation reaction,it is confirmed that the surface of palladium,at temperatures above 800℃,is a multilayer structure with the bright palladium metal surface being overed by a thin layer of palladium metal vapour and then by a layer of palladium oxidevapour.

本文分析了在流动氧气氛和氨氧化反应过程中Pd的表面化学状态，表明在800℃以上温度Pd的表面应是1种多层结构：光亮的Pd金属表面复盖着一层薄的Pd金属蒸气，Pd蒸气上又复盖着一层PdO蒸气。

For thinner films, stacking faults are preferred in the scratch process, which increase storage capacity of plastic deformation in the film, and further inhibit the stick slip amplitude in the friction oscillation process. For thicker films, dislocation loops, which glide along slip plane downward to the grain boundary, dominate over the stacking faults, and finally dissipate on the grain boundaries. Since the intergrain stacking faults are inactive in thicker films, the stick slip phenomenon is similar to that in single crystal.

摩擦过程中易在较薄的薄膜表面和薄膜晶界之间产生穿晶层错，穿晶层错的产生增加了薄膜蓄积塑性变形的能力，从而抑制材料表面摩擦力在黏滑过程中的振荡幅度；在比较厚的薄膜中不易生成穿晶层错，在摩擦过程中位错环依次向体材料发射，并与晶界反应，湮灭于晶界，黏滑动摩擦响应与单晶相似。

When the pulverized material has been properly sized, mixed with the additive in the amount determined by testing, laid and compacted to the required density, surfaced with a chip seal coat, thin hot mix overlay or other light surfacing, a long lasting, low cost pavement can be constructed with a minimum of new material.

只有当被压碎的材料已制成合适的大小，混合了经测试确定的适量添加剂，铺设并压紧至要求的密度，再用一层碎片封闭层、热混薄覆盖层或其它轻质的材料铺平表面，经时效处理后，方可达到以用量最少的新材料构筑出低成本路面的目标。

The surfaces of the silicon spiral are coated with highly conformal copper by electroless plating to reduce the resistive loss in the conductor,with thin nickel film plated on the surface of the copper layer for final surface passivation.

采用一种硅玻璃键合-深刻蚀成型释放工艺并结合无电镀技术制作该电感，形成厚约40μm的硅螺线，在硅螺线表面镀有高保形厚铜镀层，在铜镀层表面镀有起钝化保护作用的薄镍镀层。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。