薄壁

In view of mention above,a new spatial thin-walled beam element model considering forementioned those effects and available in the analysis of thin-walled structures is aimed to be established.

鉴于此，本文拟建立一能够考虑上述影响因素，且适用于薄壁杆系结构分析的空间薄壁截面梁单元模型。

Based on the fundamental assumptions of thin-walled structure,bendingand torsion of monosymmetric I-section thin-walled curved beams with smalldeformation were studied in detail.

从薄壁构件的基本假设出发，对薄壁曲梁小变形时的弯曲与扭转进行了详尽的分析，首次得出了单轴对称工形截面曲梁的翘曲位移、正应力、剪应力、应力合力以及适用于各种荷载作用的控制方程的精确表达。

Furthermore,the changes of cell organelles realized different cell functions, which fiber for mechanical support,parenchyma cell for preservation and vessel for transportation.3.FE-SEM and DCR technique revealed the arrangements of CMfs on cell wall of fiber, parenchyma cell and vessel.Firstly,fiber cell formed multilamellate concentric structure with thin and thick lamellae alternate.

纤维、基本薄壁组织细胞、导管分子的终端分化就是PCD；并且PCD过程是一个具有较长周期的过程，周期长短比较为基本薄壁组织细胞＞纤维＞导管分子；三类细胞最后的凋亡决定于细胞内原生质体完全降解的时刻。

In explants of W5, DNA and RNA content increased in both ovules and parenchyma. DNAcontent in proligerous cells decreased after 6 days of culture. Amylose increased inparenchyma gradually and big starch grains appeared in proligerous cells.

在 W5 上的外植体内胚珠和薄壁组织细胞的 DNA、RNA 都增加，第 6-9 天，增生的细胞 DNA 含量减少；薄壁组织中多糖含量一直增加，并且发现增生的细胞内布满了大的淀粉粒。

Chinensis included large parenchymatous cells at the vascular bundles, whereas no such cells were observed at the vascular bundles of A. saponaria and A. greenii .

木立芦荟、中华芦荟、易变芦荟和库拉索芦荟的维管束中有大型薄壁细胞，皂叶芦荟和绿芦荟的维管束中无大型薄壁细胞。

The explicit finite element method was adopted to simulate and calculate the crash performance of thin-wall structures of various thicknesses,cross-section shapes and foreordained deformations.

利用显式有限元方法对不同厚度、不同截面形状以及不同预变形的薄壁结构碰撞性进行了仿真计算，通过分析比较，得到结构参数对碰撞性能的影响以及薄壁结构的基本碰撞规律，为车辆耐碰撞性能的设计奠定了基础。

To increase the construction process of rigid bridge hollow thin wall high pier ,it puts forward the large mode design method in the construction of hollow thin wall high pier ,and mainly discusses the process of mode design and the checking calculation combined with the practice,and this solves the problems of accelerating the construction of pier.

为了提高刚构桥空心薄壁高墩墩身施工进度，提出了在空心薄壁高墩施工中的大模板设计方法，并结合实例对模板设计的过程和验算进行了主要论述，有效解决了加快墩身施工进度问题。

Results For callus induction of leaf explants of C. orchioides, dark treatment gave better results compared to light treatment; among the media tested, the suitable phytohormone combinations were 2.0 mg/L 2, 4-D or 6-BA 1.5 mg/L 2, 4-D 2.5 mg/L, and 300 mg/L CH 0.2% AC was good for plantlet regeneration from leaf explants. The callus from leaf explants mainly originated from midrib. The parenchyma cells near epicuticle of midrib firstly were initiated to division. Then the parenchyma cells of vascular bundle sheath and mesophyll cells on each side of vascular bundle were also divided to form callus.

结果对仙茅叶片的愈伤诱导，黑暗的效果好于光照；在所试验的培养基成分中，适宜的激素配比是2.0mg/L2，4-D或6-BA1.5mg/L 2，4-D2.5mg/L，并且附加300mg/L水解酪蛋白和0.2%活性炭，对于仙茅叶片的离体成苗较好；培养后，愈伤组织主要由叶片的中脉产生，位于中脉上表皮内侧的薄壁细胞首先启动分裂，随后维管束鞘薄壁细胞及其外侧的叶肉细胞也启动分裂，参与愈伤组织的形成。

This paper introduces structure,working principle,force analyzing and advantage of the clamp using in cutting bearing hole of coal car whee3. A system of the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting with the single longitudinal animation was developed.

利用这种结构研制了一套单激励超声椭圆振动车削系统，采用PCD刀具对LY12实心件和薄壁筒工件进行了精密切削实验，实验结果表明椭圆振动切削可以大幅度降低切削力，明显改善薄壁工件的形状精度，同时工件还具有较好的表面粗糙度。

The main cause of chilling injury in the annual branches was the losing of water at critical period; the reasons of anatomical structure was the thick epidermis, the loose arranging of parenchyma in cortex, and the undeveloped parenchyma in best.

造成1年生枝条冻害的主要原因是生长与休眠临界期枝条的大量失水；其形态解剖学原因是表皮菊，皮层薄壁细胞排列疏松和韧皮薄壁细胞不发达。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。