薄壁

But parenchyma cells of cotyledon did only from the later.

而子叶仅仅是距离切面400～600 μm的薄壁细胞脱分化后再分化成芽的。

The model is set up in view of the optimum design of midship section of container ships with crankle strength and frequency constraints according to CCS rules and thin-walled beam theory .

结合CCS规范和薄壁杆件理论，建立了考虑弯扭强度和频率约束的集装箱船中剖面优化设计的模型，考虑到中剖面优化设计中的设计变量为连续和离散的混合变量，利用isight中集成的自适应模拟退火算法，建立了巴拿马型集装箱船中剖面优化设计系统，并对3100TEU集装箱船中剖面进行了优化设计，取得了合理的结果。

It provided a correct and reasonable mathematical model for the analysis of the ultimate bearing capacity and crankle stability of the thin-walled structure.

论文在比较了两种运动描述方法（完全拉格朗日法和更新拉格朗日法）异同点并分析了非线性几何关系及大变形下的弹性物理关系的基础上，基于增量虚功原理推导了几何非线性空间梁元单元切线刚度矩阵，采取分模块形式，分别表示了轴力、弯矩、双力矩对几何矩阵的贡献；通过球面显式荷载增量迭代式弧长法求解方法编制程序，很好地实现了几何非线性增量荷载的自动步长选择及全过程跟踪，为薄壁杆系结构的极限承载力分析和弯扭失稳分析，提供了较为精确合理的分析力学模型。

Be based on more accurate wedge thin wall component is inflectional and academic, the crankle of the wedge bridge that linear to bearing change carries curved rules effect is inflectional undertook a large number of analysises, put forward new wedge I-steel computation of curved rules of Liang Lin group is formulary.

基于较精确的楔形薄壁构件屈曲理论，对承受线性变化端弯矩功能的楔形梁的弯扭屈曲进行了大量分析，并提出了新的楔形工字钢梁临界弯矩计算公式。

The wall has no support during the construction stage and the calculationbased on the national standard GB 50018-2002 (Technical code of cold-formedthin-wall steel, structures) should be reliable and safe. The crankle destabilizationof the studs with cold-formed channel section should be taken into account whencalculating the load-carrying capacity. The warpings at both ends of the sectionshould be calculated without any constraint when converting the crankledestabilization into the slenderness rationλ_w.

墙体在施工阶段基本为无墙体支撑，此时，按现行国标《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规程》(GB 50018-2002)规定计算是可靠、偏安全的，在计算其承载能力时应考虑单轴对称冷弯卷边槽钢截面立柱弯扭失稳，在计算立柱弯扭失稳换算长细比λ_w时，截面两端翘曲宜按不受到约束条件计算。

A new method was proposed by imposing a rotating electromagnetic field during horizontal continuous casting of thin-walled cupronickel tube billets. The effects of electromagnetic field on the surface quality, solidification structure and mechanical properties were investigated experimentally by use of BFe10-1-1 alloy.

摘 要：为获得高质量的薄壁白铜管坯，提出了在水平连铸过程中施加旋转电磁场的管坯连铸新方法，并采用BFe10-1-1合金进行实验，考察了电磁场对白铜管坯表面质量、凝固组织和力学性能的影响。

The results show that, when the electromagnetic field was applicated, the flowability and filling capacity of cupronickel alloy are increased, the surface cracks are eliminated, and the thin-walled cupronickel tube billets with smooth surface can be obtained due to the increase of flowability and filling capacity of cupronickel alloy. The solidification structure of the tube billets is evidently refined, the shape of Ni-rich phase changes from needle-like to bulk and the casting stress declines from 7.2 to 0.32 MPa. With the structure improving, the tensile strength and elongation increase by 5% and 36%, respectively, than those of ordinary continuously cast tube billets.

结果表明：在连铸过程中施加旋转电磁场能够提高金属液的流动性和充型能力，消除表面裂纹缺陷，从而制备出表面光滑的薄壁白铜管坯；在电磁力的作用下管坯凝固组织显著细化，富镍相由针状转化为团块状，同时铸造应力由未施加电磁场时的7.2 MPa下降至0.32 MPa；随着凝固组织的改善，施加磁场的管坯抗拉强度和伸长率与未施加磁场管坯的相比分别提高5%和36%。

Based on the research results of domestic and overseas, the hysteretic behavior of CFS members under constant compression and cyclic bending is numerically simulated by finite element method.

本文在国内外已有的研究成果基础上，采用有限元模型对冷成型薄壁钢构件在常轴力和循环弯矩共同作用下的滞回性能进行数值模拟。

The main contents are listed as follows: 1. Nine square concrete-filled thin-walled steel tubular columns with stiffeners (six specimens with longitudinal stiffeners in two directions and three specimens with longitudinal stiffeners in one direction) have been experimentally investigated under combined constant axial load and lateral cyclic load in order to get their hysteretic behavior.

具体进行了以下几方面工作：(1)共进行了9根设肋方形薄壁钢管混凝土柱(6根双向设纵向加劲肋、3根单向设纵向加劲肋)在恒定轴力和往复荷载作用下的滞回性能试验研究。

This simulation shows that a capillary tube with thin wall should be used in experiment and the fringe pattern is very sensitive to the distance between the cylindrical lens and the capillary tube. For enhancing accuracy, this distance should be determined by fitting a standard liquid with known refractive index in experiment.

结果表明实验中应使用薄壁毛细管，由于干涉条纹对柱面透镜到毛细管之间的距离非常敏感，为提高精度，建议在实验中用已知折射率的标样来确定这一距离。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐