蕈毒碱

A highly toxic alkaloid, C9H20NO2, related to the cholines, derived from the red form of the mushroom Amanita muscaria and found in decaying animal tissue.

蝇蕈碱一种与胆碱有关的剧毒生物碱，C9H20NO2，由蘑菇蕈毒鹅膏的红色组织提取而出，在腐烂的动物组织中也可发现

By the analysis of muscarinic receptor-mediated currents, the data provide evidence that muscarinic cholinergic mechanisms play a prominent role in the modulation of the excitability of MVNn and also offer a new idea for the efficacy of anticholinergic drugs.

通过对MNVn中M受体通道电流性质的分析，从而进一步揭示毒蕈碱样胆碱能机制在MVNn的兴奋性调节作用，并为临床抗胆碱药物的应用提供新的思路。

In order to verify nicotine effect to heart of rat , analyzing the electrograph Based on these results , it was demonstrated that nicotine can induce to release acetylcholine locally or act on muscarinic cholinoreceptor controlled by parasympathetic nerve .

为进一步确定烟碱对大鼠心脏的作用，对描记烟碱作用后大鼠心电图进行分析，发现烟碱能引起大鼠心电图显示较长的QT间期，增加了PR间期及T波面积，与肾上腺素或去甲肾上腺素引起的QT间期延长相似，且能被M受体阻断剂阿托品所阻断，说明烟碱能够诱导局部释放乙酰胆碱或者作用于部分副交感神经控制的毒蕈碱受体。

Early chemists had mistakenly assumed that the psychoactive principal of Fly Agaric was to be found in a tropane alkaloid known as muscarine.

早期化学家误假定精神科主飞金顶是可以找到一个烷生物碱称为毒蕈碱。

Then using selective antagonists for mAChR and nAChR, inhibitor of PKC and MAPK, respectively, we probed into the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of APP processing by HupA.

采用毒蕈碱样乙酰胆碱受体和烟碱样乙酰胆碱受体的特异性拮抗剂，以及PKC和有丝分裂原激活的蛋白激酶（mitogen-activated protein kinase， MAPK）的抑制剂，探讨石杉碱甲调节sAPPα分泌的分子机制。

Results:①In normal extracellular solution, the non-selective cholinergic agonist acetylcholine and the muscarinic agonist muscarine both caused the increace of [Ca2+]i in separately 21 out of 25 and 14 out of 18 VHCs I, while only 3 out of 20 and 2 out of 16 VHCs I had a weak increase of [Ca2+]i if investigated in calcium free extracellular solution; nicotine could increase the [Ca2+]i in 7 out of 32 VHCsⅠonly at enough high concentration(up to 10 mmol/L) in normal extracellular solution, this [Ca~(2+)]_i increase by nicotine at high concentration could not be investigated if at calcium free solution.

结果①非选择性胆碱能受体激动剂乙酰胆碱、M型胆碱能受体激动剂毒蕈碱在正常细胞外液中均可引起大部分(21/25， 14/18)单离VHCⅠ[Ca~(2+)]_i的升高，但无钙外液中ACh、muscarine仅使少部分(3/20，2/16)VHCⅠ[Ca~(2+)]_i升高且作用减弱；正常外液中，N型受体激动剂尼古丁仅在高浓度(≥10 mmol/L)时引起部分(7/32) VHCⅠ[Ca~(2+)]_i升高，在低浓度时对胞内钙离子浓度影响不明显，无钙外液中，10 mmol/L nicotine对胞内钙离子浓度影响不明显。

Neither with the expression of M3 receptor, Nor the expression and activiety of AChE in sweat gland.

3长期的TPM处理可降低小鼠外泌汗腺对匹罗卡品的分泌反应性，TPM未影响到小鼠汗腺的交感神经发育和支配、汗腺周围的胆碱能毒蕈碱M3受体表达，对汗腺部位的AChE表达及其活性也无明显影响。

Clinicians should be able to recognize and treat significant toxidromes resulting from acetaminophen; anticholinergic agents including antihistamines and psychoactive drugs; anticoagulants such as warfarin or rat poison; cardiac medications including calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, and digoxin; muscarinic cholinergic agents including carbamates, some mushrooms, and organophosphates; nicotinic cholinergic agents such as insecticides and nicotine; cyanide; ethylene glycol or methanol from antifreeze or rubbing alcohol; iron-containing products such as deferoxamine; opioids such as morphine, hydrocodone, or methadone; salicylate (aspirin-containing products); sulfonylurea; and sympathomimetic agents such as amphetamines, caffeine, cocaine, or ephedrine.

医师必须可以辨识与治疗乙醯胺酚；抗胆碱剂，如抗组织胺与精神作用药物；抗凝血剂，如warfarin或杀鼠剂；钙离子阻断剂、乙型阻断剂、毛地黄等心脏药物；蕈毒胆碱剂，如氨基甲酸酯盐、某些有毒蘑菇、有机磷农药；菸碱性胆碱剂，如杀虫剂与尼古丁；氰化物；抗冻剂或外用酒精的乙二醇或者甲醇；含铁产品，如 deferoxamine；鸦片类，如吗啡、hydrocodone、美沙冬；水阳酸；硫醯基尿素类降血糖药；拟交感神经药物，如安非他命、咖啡因、古柯碱或麻黄素等造成的明显中毒症候群。

Desensitization of negative chronotropic response to ACh is mostly the result of fade of IK,ACh.

这个效应也没有脱敏的现象。结论：ACh对心脏所致的负性变率作用的脱敏现象主要是毒蕈碱型钾通道IK，ACh脱敏的缘故。

ABSTRACT: Objective To isolate muscarinic peptide from Naja atra venom and to study the effect of MP in muscarinic cholinergic receptor.

目的 从舟山眼镜蛇Naja atra蛇毒中分离毒蕈碱样多肽，探讨其与M胆碱受体的关系。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。