蔬菜的

Horticola , in which Compositae, Cruciferae, Laguminosae and Cucurbitaceae are the main families. It occurs seriously on lettuce, cauliflower, pea, rape and horsebean. The hosts can be divided into four types: the most fitting host, fitting host, preferable host and secondary host. The oviposition of C. horticola on 8 kinds of hosts selected was checked under microscope, which had proved the investigation of host suitability and lettuce is the favorite host.

2004年对扬州地区露地蔬菜上的豌豆彩潜蝇寄主种类及危害程度进行了调查，采用五点取样法共查到豌豆彩潜蝇的蔬菜寄主6科23种，主要分布在菊科、十字花科、豆科和葫芦科等的蔬菜上，其中以莴苣、花椰菜、豌豆、油菜、蚕豆受害最为严重；选择性田间调查和室内试验证明，莴苣是豌豆彩潜蝇最嗜好寄主。

Mustard family vegetables insect gathering, raising as well as specimen manufacture Abstract: For a better distinction and the preventing and controlling vegetables pest, more convenient conducts the teaching research, more thorough study insect's exterior shape, internal structure and physiology, reproduction, growth and habitual and so on, we need to conduct the research to the vegetables agriculture insect's type, and makes the specimen.

十字花科蔬菜昆虫采集、饲养以及标本制作摘要：为了更好的鉴别和防治蔬菜农业害虫，更加方便的进行教学研究，更加深入学习昆虫的外部形态、内部构造及生理、繁殖、发育与习性等，我们就需要对蔬菜农业昆虫的种类进行研究，并做出标本。

Jn the demonstration section of the paper, aiming at the main vegetables products in Shanxi and each region in Shanxi, some research has been done, including determining and analyzing occupation rate of market of the main vegetables products (Spinach, celery, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, rape, cucumber, turnip, carrot, eggplant, tomato, green Chinese onion, head of garlic, string bean, cowpea , lotus root) in Shanxi and comparing with other main producing regions of the whole country determining and analyzing scale advantage, efficiency advantage and aggregated advantage of main vegetables products in Shanxi and its each region.

在文章的实证研究部分，本文以山西省及各地区的主要蔬菜产品为研究对象，测定和分析了山西省主要的蔬菜产品(菠菜、芹菜、大白菜、圆白菜、油菜、黄瓜、萝卜、胡萝卜、茄子、西红柿、大葱、葱头、四季豆、豇豆、莲藕)的国内市场占有率情况，并与全国其他的主产区进行了比较；测定和分析了这些蔬菜产品的规模优势、效率优势和综合优势，并与全国其他省区进行了比较；对山西省各地区这些主要蔬菜产品的规模优势、效率优势及综合优势进行了测定和分析。

We Investigated the species of diseases and insect pests, species of natural enemies, distribution and dominant species in export vegetable bases in Shandong Province. Dynamics of main diseases and insect pests were studied.2. We investigated the main control technologies for diseases and insect pests, types and application methods of pesticides.3. Effects of crop varieties, fertilities and cultivation on diseases and insect pests, production and pesticide residues were examined.4. Control effects and application technologies of frequency trembler grid lamps, greenhouse ozone machine and insect-proof net were tested.5. By research, seven biological preparations and twelve chemical pesticides with high activity, low toxicity and low residue were screened.

主要结果如下：1查清了山东省出口蔬菜基地蔬菜病虫害发生种类，天敌种类、分布、并评价上风种；探明了主要病虫发生消长规律。2查清了山东省出口蔬菜基地目前病虫害防治的主要应用技术、施药种类及主要施药方式。3明确了作物品种、肥力、栽培方式等农业措施对病虫发生、产量和农残的影响。4明确了频振式杀虫灯、温室病害臭氧防治机、防虫网等物理措施防治效果及其应用技术。5通过实验，筛选出7种生物制剂和12种安全有效低毒低残留化学农药品种。

Results: a In the negative control group, spontaneous chromosome aberration and micronucleus rated the mice's were very low; in the positive control group, chromosome aberration and micronucleus rate of the mice's were highest. b Before cyclophosphamide intoxation, when the four kinds of vegetables and hilts juice were preventively irrigated into the mice's stomachs respectively, the chromosome aberration and micronucleus rate in the negative control group were lower than these in the positive control group (P.05); but after intoxation, when the four kinds of vegetables and fruits juice were therapeutically irrigated into the mice's stomachs respectively, the chromosome aberration and micronucleus rate were similar with the result above mentioned . c Acing the four kinds of vegetables and fruits, sea-buckthorn lad the best preventive and curative effects.

结果：a在阴性对照组中，小鼠自发的染色体畸变率和微核率极低；在阳性对照组中，小鼠染色体畸变率和微核率最高。b在环磷酰胺染毒之前，分别将4种蔬菜水果汁给小鼠进行预防性灌胃，其染色体畸变率和微核率均比阳性对照组低(P.05)；在染毒之后，分别将4种蔬菜水果给小鼠治疗性灌胃，其结果与上述实验结果相似。c在4种蔬菜水果中，以沙棘的预防和治疗效果为最好。

One third of the macrobiotic diet consists of fresh and organically grown vegetables like cauliflower, broccoli, collards, onion, pumpkin, kale, etc.

三分之一的大型生物饲料分为新鲜蔬菜、有机蔬菜如花椰菜、青花菜、collards、洋葱、南瓜、芥蓝等蔬菜不应超过熟了，失去了味道。

Group has 2,000 square meters of office space, 3,500 square-meter training center; Vegetable Company has 15,000 square meters of factory-linked greenhouse (annual capacity of 20 million nursery strain) 2000 square meters of flowers matching Room (capacity 100 million, nursery strain). 6,000 Green Vegetable Industry Association (annual production of 50,000 tons of green vegetables) as well as the Israeli vegetable seeds ( a variety of Chinese distributor) and the Czech Republic fertilizer (one of China's potash fertilizer distributor), the market development and market success ; Forestry company has 1,000 acres of seedlings bases (200 acres Beijing, Shandong, Texas, 800 acres, capacity of 2.5 million lines, nursery), and green construction more than 5,000 million seedlings assimilate (national afforestation project Construction of secondary qualifications, the quality of construction is to apply the national level); Kemao century landscape, the company is now operating businesses in the financial products have entered the track of normal development 3. Companies with a favorable external environment for development.

集团公司具有2000平方米的办公场所，3500平方米的培训中心；蔬菜公司拥有15000平方米的工厂化联动温室（年育苗能力2000万株）、2000平方米的花卉组配室（年育苗能力1亿株）、6000户绿色蔬菜产业化协会会员（年生产绿色蔬菜5万吨）以及经营以色列蔬菜种子和捷克肥料的市场开发成功经验和市场基础；林业公司拥有1000亩的苗木基地（北京200亩、山东德州800亩，年育苗能力250万株）和年绿化工程施工5000多万元的苗木消化能力（国家绿化工程施工二级资质，目前正在申请国家一级施工资质）；北京世纪山川科贸公司目前经营的金融产品代理业务也已经步入正常的发展轨道；3、公司具有良好的外部发展环境。

The garden will use high and new technology such as soil-less cultivation and tissue culture to plant high quality agricultural products, such as fine vegetables, out-of-season vegetables and perennial vegetables which have short growth cycle and fast effect.

采取无土栽培、组织培养等高新技术手段种植生长周期短、见效快的精细蔬菜、反季节蔬菜、多年生蔬菜等优质农作物。

In order to ensure quality supply to meet international market requirements, and further with the international standards of agricultural products, the company in accordance with international non-pollution, green vegetables strict standards for operation, efforts to develop national lace vegetable-growing areas of cultivated land as the company's exports of vegetables, plant bases, and base the plant to carry out a unified technical guidance, unity of pesticides and fertilizers to track management, and set up base in detail the various files to ensure that the base production of vegetables achieve "non-polluting, non-" the pollution-free green food standards.

为了保证货源品质达到国际市场要求，进一步与国际农产品标准接轨，公司按照国际无公害、绿色蔬菜标准进行严格操作，努力开发全国蔬菜种植区的连片耕地作为公司的出口蔬菜种植基地，并对基地的种植进行统一技术指导，统一农药、化肥跟踪管理，并建立各个基地的详细档案，保证基地生产的蔬菜达到&无污染、无药残&的无公害绿色食品标准。

Heavy metals, Pb and Cd, which were popularly accumulated in vegetables, were selected as test indexes in heavy metal passivators screening and the application effect of special fertilizer for reducing heavy metal pollution in vegetables.

无公害蔬菜生产的目的就是要求蔬菜产品中的农药、重金属、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量都达到国家或省制定的蔬菜卫生标准。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。