蒸发的

The application areas includes the improvement of new-type China liquor by pervaporation, the production of apple brandy and apple acidic beverage by fermentation of apple juice with a PDMS membrane bioreactor and the production of fuel ethanol by continuous fermentation in a silicone rubber membrane bioreactor.

本论文对硅橡胶复合膜结构及其渗透蒸发性能展开了较为系统的研究，同时进行了PDMS膜用于渗透蒸发过程对白酒风味成分重整、苹果原汁发酵制造白兰地和酸性饮料产品、连续发酵生产燃料乙醇三方面的应用研究。

Alcohol use in the heat lamp can be test-tube, flask, beaker, the evaporation of liquid to the dish to heat, heat the dry solids can be used when the test tube, dish, such as evaporation, and some instruments, such as cylinder set, graduated cylinder, funnel, and so does not allow alcohol use light heating .

在用酒精灯加热可以用试管、烧瓶、烧杯、蒸发皿来给液体加热，在加热固体时可用干燥的试管、蒸发皿等，有些仪器如集气瓶、量筒、漏斗等不允许用酒精灯加热。

NOTE: 1. Alcohol use in the heat lamp can be test-tube, flask, beaker, the evaporation of liquid to the dish to heat, heat the dry solids can be used when the test tube, dish, such as evaporation, and some instruments, such as cylinder set, graduated cylinder, funnel, and so does not allow alcohol use light heating .

。在用酒精灯加热可以用试管、烧瓶、烧杯、蒸发皿来给液体加热，在加热固体时可用干燥的试管、蒸发皿等，有些仪器如集气瓶、量筒、漏斗等不允许用酒精灯加热。

The revised Hargraves formula has the best result compared with Penman-Monteith formula, the average relative error is 6%, moreover, Hargaves method requiring the least data in calculating ETo, so this method has the high actual application value; The following are Radiation method and Blaney-Criddle method ; The worst is the Pan method, even after revised, the highest and average relative error is 36% and 10%, respectively. So, in this study, Penman-Monteith method, Radiation method, Blaney-Criddle method and Hargraves method are used except Pan method.

在这四种方法中，修正后的Hargraves方法与彭曼—蒙特斯方法的计算结果符合最好，其平均相对误差为6％，而Hargraves方法需要的气象数据只有计算时段的最高、最低温度，该方法具有较高的实际应用价值；辐射方法和布兰尼—克里德尔方法次之；蒸发皿方法最差，即使在修正后，E601型蒸发皿的最大误差也高达36％，平均为10％，所以在预报系统的研究设计中采用了除蒸发皿方法之外的四种方法。

Foreign triple-effect falling-film vacuum evaporating unit has lower steam consumption. 1 kilogramme of steam can evaporate 4 kilogramme of water.

概述三效降膜真空蒸发装置是一种高效、节能、先进的蒸发浓缩装置、广泛应用于化工、制药、食品等行业。

The effective heat-transfer temperature difference of every effect of multi-effect evaporation subsystem and the preheat temperature rise Δt_(p,j of every level of multi-level preheat subsystem of the design model were distributed by equal heating area, equal heat-transfer temperature difference, and free proration methods.

设计型模型对多效蒸发子系统各效有效传热温差Δt_i的分配和多级预热子系统各级预热温升Δt_的分配分别采用等面积法、等温差法、自由配比法等进行分配并采用矩阵法结合迭代法进行设计模拟计算，其中自由配比法巧妙地将具有复杂约束条件的决策变量Δt_i和Δt_转化为取值0～1的中间决策变量τ_i、τ_，为Δt_i和Δt_的自由搜索进而为优化设计提供了一个简便的方法；在常规设计模拟计算的基础上，建立了复杂多效蒸发系统优化设计模型，该模型以系统年总费用最小为优化目标，以生蒸汽温度T_0、冷凝器中二次蒸汽温度T_K、蒸发温差配比系数τ_i和预热温升配比系数τ_为决策变量，采用遗传算法结合矩阵法求解。

Whether rainy year or dry year,semiarid or subhumid region,the site evaporation account for a largeproportion in the total water consumption,transpiration next,crown interception and surface runoff smallest,butthe importance of artificial regulation is:evaporation＞runoff＞anspiration＞crown interception.

黄土高原人工林系统耗水量，无论丰水年或枯水年，均以林地蒸发耗水最大，其次为林木蒸腾、林冠截留，地表径流最小。其人工调控的重要性以林地土壤蒸发位居第一，地表径流远在林冠截留甚至林木蒸腾之上。

The variations of vaporization rate of Micro "T"-Vaporizer under various working conditions were studied.

研究了微小尺寸"T"型蒸发管燃油蒸发率在不同工况下的变化规律。

It is concluded that the ultrafiltration preconcentration combining with multieffect evaporation is a promising concentration procedure for straw black liquor, which can not only reduce the concentration costs, but also improve the subsequent evaporation and combustion operation due to the desilicification and purification of ultrafiltration.

两种膜比较，磺化聚砜膜更易清洗，而且水通量大。5）超滤浓缩后，黑液中木素的浓度和纯度大大提高，超滤是从黑液中分离木素的理想方法。6）与多效蒸发相比，用超滤法浓缩麦草黑液可降低能耗70~85%，若用于黑液的预浓缩，再结合多效蒸发，不仅可以降低黑液的浓缩费用，而且由于除硅和纯化作用，会大大改善后继的蒸发和燃烧的操作。

In this paper, evaporation process of the typical microbiotic crust is studied by using micro-Lysimeter in vegetated area in Shapotou region.

笔者利用微型Lysimeter对沙坡头地区几种典型微生物结皮和流沙地表的蒸发过程进行了试验观测，并与水面蒸发进行了对比分析。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。