蒙古栎

Main results obtained are as follows:(1) Morphological diversities among/within populations were discussed by analyzing characters such as apical bud, leaf, acorn and cupule.

主要结果如下：(1)表型多样性的研究结果：表型性状的方差分析表明蒙古栎种内表型性状在群体间和群体内差异都极显著(α=0.01)。

The mass loss patterns of four type litters fitted exponential model, and the decomposition rate could be well predicted by their lignin/N ratio.

结果表明：与对照相比，降水量减少条件下，蒙古栎叶凋落物的初始N、P、K浓度显著升高，初始木质素浓度显著降低，凋落物分解速率大，N、P、K矿化率高，N和P固持时间缩短；降水量增加情况下，其凋落物初始N浓度显著降低、木质素浓度显著升高，N、P、K矿化率低，N和P固持时间延长。4种类型叶片凋落物的质量损失过程均符合指数降解模型，分解速率可以由凋落物木质素／N来预测。

If the arboreous lamina such as oak of distant Dong Li, Mongolia, Mongolian oak is feed,tussah basically belongs to a plant with cupule division oak, because its have up gender, phototaxis two big characteristics, cannot put medium breed aquatics in special container like the silkworm so, can put in oak tree to assume office only its are collected by oneself feed a leaf, prevent a bird by artificial and responsible nurse, move silkworm (put to another tree again after leaf dispose of) etc.

柞蚕主要以壳斗科栎属植物如辽东栎、蒙古栎、槲等树木的叶片为饲料，因其有向上性、趋光性两大特征，所以无法像桑蚕一样放在专用容器中养殖，只能放在柞树上任其自行采食树叶，并由人工负责看护防鸟、移蚕(当树叶吃光后再放到另一棵树上)等。

Populus alba × berolinensis, Salix babylonica and Quercus mongolica mainly emitted isoprene; Pinus tabulaeformis mainly emitted α-pinene; Ulmus pumila, Gleditsia japonica and Syringa oblate mainly emitted limonene; Ligustrum obtusifolium mainly emitted isoprene, limonene and α-pinene at different time. The highest emission rates were observed for Populus alba × berolinensis and Salix babylonica.

不同树种排放的BVOCs组成明显不同，银中杨、垂柳和蒙古栎以排放异戊二烯为主；油松主要释放α－蒎烯；榆树、皂角和丁香以释放柠檬烯为主；水腊在不同时段其BVOCs组成情况变化较大，主要释放异戊二烯、柠檬烯和α－蒎烯；其中银中杨和垂柳的BVOCs释放量明显高于其它树种。

Salix matsudana, Ulmus pumila, Quermus mongolica, Populus alba×P.beroliensis and Betula platyphlla are frontal 5 tree species with weight value 90.37, 90.12, 88.12, 87.55 and 86.2 respectively, were used for farmland protection forest; Acer negundo, Salix matsudana, Juniperus rigida, Fraxinus mandshurica and Ulmus pumila are frontal 5 tree species with weight value 78.14, 76.92, 75.96, 74.72 and 74.56 respectively, were used for urban protection forest; Ulmus pumila, Salix matsudana, Populus alba×P.beroliensis, Acer negundo and Larix gemelinii are frontal 5 arbor tree species with weight value 80.07, 79.07, 77.5, 72.42 and 71.67 respectively, were used for road protection forest; Salix matsudana, Populus alba×P.beroliensis, Ulmus pumila, Larixgemelinii and Betula platyphlla are frontal 5 tree species with weight value 92.37, 88.72, 86.62, 85.82 and 85.7 respectively, were used for river protection forest; Fraxinus mandshurica, Larix gemelinii, Populus alba*P.beroliensis, Ulmus pumila and Salix matsudana are frontal 5 tree species with weight value 89.61, 8.35, 87.12, 85.56 and 80.15 respectively, were used for wood forest; Cornus alba, Prunus tomentosa, Primus triloba, Syringa obalata and Sambucus williamsii are frontal 5 shrubs with weight value 82.93, 81.23, 80.85, 78.38 and 77.78 respectively, were used for landscape forest; and Acer negundo,Malus baccata, Sorbus pohuashanensis, Prunus maackii and Prunus padus are frontal 5 arbors with weight value 82, 81.52, 80.3, 79.62 and 78.9 respectively, were used for landscape forest; Prunus salicina, Prunu

根据哈尔滨地区不同林种的功能要求，给出了不同指标的期望值，通过查询系统可以得到旱柳、榆树、蒙古栎、银中杨、白桦为符合农田防护林的前五位的树种，权重值分别为90.37、90.12、88.12、87.55、86.2；糖槭、旱柳、杜松、水曲柳、榆树为符合城市防护林的前五位的树种，权重值分别为78.14、76.92、75.96、74.72、74.56；榆树、早柳、银中杨、糖槭、兴安落叶松为符合道路防护林的前五位的乔木树种，权重值分别为80.07、79.07、77.5、72.42、71.67；旱柳、银中杨、榆树、兴安落叶松、白桦为符合河岸防护林的前五位的树种，权重值分别为92.37、88.72、86.62、85.82、85.7：水曲柳、兴安落叶松、银中杨、榆树、旱柳为符合用材林的前五位的树种，权重值分别为89.61、88.35、87.12、85.56、80.15；红瑞木、毛樱桃、榆叶梅、紫丁香、接骨木为符合风景林前五位的灌木树种，权重值分别为82.93、81.23、80.85、78.38、77.78，糖槭、山丁子、花楸、山桃稠李、稠李为符合风景林前五位的乔木树种，权重值分别为82、81.52、80.3、79.62、78.9；李、杏、文冠果、山楂、野梨为符合经济林的前五位的树种，权重值分别为88.85、80.88、73.25、69.35、63.77。

In conclusion, global climate change will not significantly affect the productivity of Quercus mongalica seedlings.

总之，在未来气候变化的情况下，不会对蒙古栎幼苗生产力产生很大影响。

The experiment shows that the prescribed burning could be used in Quercus mongolica forest for reducing fire danger.

试验结果表明，在长白山林区蒙古栎林内，可以采用低强度火烧来降低火险。

The main results are as follows:There is a significant difference among all provenances of Quercus mongolica, which indicates that it is important to carry out provenance selection for Quercus mongolica.

主要研究结果如下：参试蒙古栎种源各生长性状存在着显著性差异，这表明蒙古栎种源选择是十分必要的。

There is a certain correlation among growth characters and geographical climatic factors of Quercus mongolica provenances.

不同蒙古栎种源生长性状、地理、气象因子之间具有一定的相关性。

Fire and human activities increased the domination of oak forests because of their biological features of oak trees. Cutting repeatedly was the main reason for the domination of Quercus mongolica forest in recent 100 years in north and east China. During the succession of ...

火是原生性质蒙古栎林在地质历史时期存在和扩散的根本原因，过度的人类活动是促成现在蒙古栎次生林占优势地位的主要原因，这是由蒙古栎这个树种的生物学特性决定的，在没有外界因素的干扰和火减少的情况下，蒙古栎在演替过程中逐渐被耐荫的树种所取代，但是在中国北方，由于人类活动的加剧，蒙古栎林的优势度有增加的趋势。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。