葡萄膜

Objective To investigate the clinical features, causes of blindness and diagnosis of Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome Methods The data of 157 patients with VKH syndrome were reviewed and analyzed Patients were carefully examined with slit lamp, ophthalmoscope, three mirror lens, fundus fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography and HLA typing Results Headache was noted in 73 5% of these patients Simultaneous involvement of both eyes occurred in 80 8% of these patients Chroiditis,papilledema and edema of the retina adjacent to the optic nerve were noted in 100% of these patients in the posterior uveitis stage, whereas recurrent granulomatous anterior uveitis (98 4%),"sunset glow" fundus (95 8%) and Dalen Fuchs nodules (71 2%) were the common ocular findings in the recurrent anterior uveitis stage The common causes of blindness were papillitis, exudative retinal detachment and complicated cataract in the posterior uveitis stage, anterior uveal involvement stage and its recurrent stage Poliosis (36 3%) and alopecia (35 0%) were the most common extraocular findings Early irregular patches of fluorescence, followed by localized hyperfluorescent spots were the typical findings of FFA Dilation of choroidal vessels and leakage of ICG from the choroidal vessels were the common ICGA findings The prevalence of HLA DR4 and HLA DRw53 in patients (54 9% and 71 8% respectively) was significantly higher than that in controls (14 7% and 38 2% respectively) Conclusions VKH syndrome is characterized by chroiditis, papillitis or neuroretinitis in the posterior uveitis stage, followed by a generalized uveitis with a typical recurrent granulomatous anterior uveitis Extraocular findings and relevant examinations including FFA, ICGA and HLA typing are helpful to the diagnosis of VKH syndrome

目的探讨Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada综合征患者的临床特征、盲目原因及诊断等有关问题。方法对在1996年1月至2000年12月间就诊资料完整的157例VKH综合征患者进行回顾性分析，并对裂隙灯、眼底镜、三面镜、荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography，FFA)、吲哚青绿血管造影(indocyanine green angiography，ICGA)及人类白细胞抗原分型等检查结果进行分析。结果 VKH综合征最常见的前驱症状为头痛(102例，73.5%)，双眼同时患病118例(80.8%)；后葡萄膜炎期眼部主要表现为脉络膜炎、视乳头及附近视网膜水肿(100.0%)；前葡萄膜炎反复发作期眼部表现为复发性肉芽肿性前葡萄膜炎(128例，98.4%)、晚霞状眼底改变(95.8%)及Dalen-Fuchs结节(71.2%)；后葡萄膜炎期、前葡萄膜受累期及前葡萄膜炎反复发作期导致盲目的主要原因分别为视乳头炎、视网膜脱离及并发性白内障；毛发变白(36.3%)及脱发(35.0%)是最常见的眼外表现；炎症活动期FFA典型表现为斑驳状高荧光，ICGA发现脉络膜血管扩张、通透性增高等改变；VKH综合征患者HLA-DR4及HLA-DRw53的阳性率(54.9%及71.8%)显著高于正常对照组(14.7%及38.2%)。结论 VKH综合征患者在后葡萄膜炎期眼部典型表现为双侧脉络膜炎、视乳头炎或神经视网膜炎，随后出现以反复发作的肉芽肿性前葡萄膜炎为特征的全葡萄膜炎。眼外症状及相关的辅助检查包括FFA、ICGA 及HLA分型等有助于VKH综合征的诊断。

Eighteen eyes had Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS; 75%) at presentation, five eyesba had Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHI; 20.8%), and one eye had a presumed herpetic anterior uveitis.

在我们的研究中，巨细胞病毒前部葡萄膜炎在具有免疫能力的患者中并不少见，它可以表现为再发的急性或慢性炎症，如PSS、疱疹性前部葡萄膜炎或FHI。

One of the most common eye complications in IBD is uveitis, defined as painful inflammation of the uvea—the middle layer of the eye wall.

IBD中最常见的眼部并发症之一是眼色素层炎/葡萄膜炎，它是眼色素层/葡萄膜——眼壁中层——的疼痛的炎症。

TNF and IL-2 in the aqueous humor of this animal model increase, use T cell surfuce differential antigen immunohistochemical methed to check the pathological uvea tissues, many positive cells can be found, indicates the pathological changes of uvea tissues are caused by immuno-hyperactivity.

BSA诱导的兔实验性葡萄膜炎，眼部症状和全身表现类似于脏腑热毒炽盛型葡萄膜炎，选用消炎Ⅰ号方治疗后眼部炎症积分值降低，表明消炎Ⅰ号方有减轻葡萄膜炎炎症的作用。

Uveitis is the general name given to an inflammation of part of the uveal tract of the eye.

葡萄膜炎是一般的名称给予发炎部分的葡萄膜道的眼睛。

Anterior uveitis (inflammation of the iris and ciliary body) is most common in dogs.

前葡萄膜炎是最常见于犬类的葡萄膜炎。

Before grape film is phlogistic in clinical on have apparent symptom, main show is in the following respects.

葡萄膜炎可分为哪几种类型？激素治疗葡萄膜炎时要注意哪些问题？

METHODS: For 35 eyes of 31 cases of complicated cataract in uveitis with small pupil, the posterior synechia was separated with the help of viscoelastics or papillary collar resection of iris.

对葡萄膜炎并发性白内障小瞳孔患者31例35眼，在葡萄膜炎控制稳定，炎症消退3mo后，借助粘弹剂分离虹膜后粘连或施行虹膜环形切除，再行白内障超声乳化或囊外摘出及人工晶状体植入。

Will,"uveitis" What kind of eye diseases * uveitis eye that the inflammation of the uveal circumstances.

&请问，&葡萄膜炎是什麼样的眼疾？*葡萄膜炎是指眼睛的葡萄膜发炎的情形。

In peripheral blood,〓increases, so cause 〓 balance is broken, and 〓 which can induce inflammatory reaction increases obviously too; meanwhile, there are immuno- function change in the red cells, the RBC-〓 receptor rosette promoting rate of serum decrease, indicate this uveitic animal model have both cellular immunity dysfunction induced by T cells and the changes of RBC immuno-function. The analysis of the local and systemic immuno-function changes of uveitic animal model offers objective theoretical bases for combining the local treatment and the systemic treatment.

葡萄膜炎兔房水中房水中〓及IL-2均升高，病变葡萄膜组织中T细胞表面分化抗原的免疫组化检查显示大量阳性细胞，表明兔葡萄膜组织本身存在着免疫功能亢进所导致的病理改变，而外周血中〓增高，导致〓平衡失调，介导炎症反应的〓亦明显增高，同时伴有红细胞免疫功能改变，外周血中RBC-〓受体花环率及血清中RBC-〓受体花环促进率均降低，显示葡萄膜炎兔本身既存在T细胞介导的细胞免疫反应功能紊乱，也存在红细胞免疫功能改变，这种局部和全身的免疫功能改变分析为葡萄膜炎的治疗局部和全身相结合提供了客观的理论依据。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。