萼片

Sepals ovate to oblong or ligulate.

萼片卵形到长圆形或舌状。

Perianth usually with 1 petaloid whorl (in Saruma with 2 whorls: outer one sepaloid, inner one petaloid), mostly connate into distinct tube, cylindric to campanulate or subglobose; limb rotate, urceolate, cylindric, or ligulate, 1-3-lobed; lobes valvate.

花被通常形成管状一轮(在马蹄香属里有花被2轮：外部一个萼片状，内部一个花瓣状)，大部分合生成显著的管，圆筒状钟形的或近球形；花被管螺旋状，瓶形，圆筒状，或者舌状，1-3 分裂；裂片镊合状排列。

Female flowers: sepals and petals as in male; disk obscure or absent; ovary densely pubescent, 3(-8)-locular; ovules 1 per locule; styles 3-5, bifid.

雌花：萼片和花瓣与雄花相似；花盘不明显的或无；子房密被短柔毛，室3(-8)；胚珠每室1；花柱3-5，2裂。

Female flowers: sepals 5(or 6), free, imbricate, usually persistent in fruits; disk annular, lobed, or dissected, sometimes with staminodes; ovary 2- or 3(or 4 or 5)-locular; ovules 1 per locule; styles unlobed or bifid, sometimes dilated.

雌花 萼片5(或6)，离生，覆瓦状，在果期的通常宿存；花盘环状，浅裂的，或多裂的，有时具退化雄蕊；子房2或3室；胚珠每室1；花柱不裂或者2裂，有时膨大。

Female flowers: pedicel articulated at middle; sepals imbricate, flat, free; petals and disk absent; staminodes sometimes present, soon lost; ovary 3(or 4)-locular; ovules 2 per locule; styles 3 or 4, long, stout, entire, erect or recurved.

雌花 在中间的花梗有节；萼片覆瓦状，平，免费；花瓣和花盘无；退化雄蕊有时宿存，不久掉落；子房3(或4)室；每室胚珠2；花柱3或4的，长，粗，全缘，直立或下弯。

Female flowers: sepals 4-8, imbricate, sometimes glandular abaxially; petals absent; disk annular; staminodes sometimes present; ovary (2 or)3(or 4)-locular; ovules 1 per locule; stigmas bifid, spreading.

雌花：萼片4-8，覆瓦状，有时背面具腺；花瓣无；花盘环状有时的退化雄蕊宿存；子房(2或者)室3(或4)；胚珠每室1；柱头2裂，平展的。

Female flowers: pedicels terete or angular; sepals as in male; disk saucer-shaped or patelliform, sometimes thickened, entire or lobed; ovary (2 or)3(or 4)-locular; ovules 2 per locule; styles free, spreading, apex bifid or entire.

雌花：花梗圆柱状或者具角；萼片与雄花中相似；花盘茶托状或小盘状，有时加厚，全缘或具裂；子房(2或者)室3(或4)；每室胚珠2；花柱离生，平展，先端2裂或全缘。

Sepals oblong, caducous, erect, sparsely pubescent with malpighiaceous trichomes, base of lateral pair not saccate.

萼片长圆形，早落，直立，疏生短柔毛具malpighiaceous毛状体，侧的对的基部不囊状。

Cauline leaves petiolate; sepals membranous only at margin, remaining until young fruit develops; petals caducous; style minutely papillate, cylindric; stem trichomes crisped simple and forked, or malpighiaceous; raceme elongated considerably in fruit.

茎生叶具叶柄；萼片膜质只在边缘，保持直到幼果发育；花瓣早落；花柱微小乳突，圆筒状；皱波状的茎毛状体单纯和分叉，或者；总状花序在果期相当大地拉长。

Leaf blade oblong,(3-)4-6 cm wide, midvein adaxially flat; sepals 5-6 mm.

叶片长圆形，(3-)4-6厘米广阔，中脉平；萼片5-6毫米 20 C。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。