萼

Sepals appearing 3- or 4-merous in bud, in fact to 5-merous at anthesis, nearly free, valvate, ovate, with base appearing ± cordate when sepal erect, texture rather thick, margins slightly conduplicate.

萼片出现3-或4基数在芽中， 5基数在花期实际上，近离生，镊合状，卵形，当萼片直立时基部多少心形，质地相当厚，边缘稍对折。

Male flowers: pedicels long and slender; sepals 4-7, imbricate, margins entire or serrulate; petals absent; disk of 4-7 segments, these sometimes connivent or fused; stamens 4-7, inserted at base of disk, longer than sepals; filaments free; anthers 2-locular, erect, extrorse, longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode small, 2- or 3-lobed.

雄花：花梗长和纤细；萼片4-7，覆瓦状，边缘全缘或有细锯齿；花瓣无；花盘4-7裂，有时靠合或愈合；雄蕊4-7，着生于花盘基部，长于萼片；花丝离生花药2室，直立，外向，纵向开裂；退化雌蕊小，有叶2或3。

Seeds few or numerous, rarely 1; sepals herbaceous; petals shorter or longer than sepals; herbs erect, diffuse, or cushionlike

种子很少或多数，很少1；萼片草质；花瓣短或更长于萼片；草本直立，铺散，或垫状 19 Arenaria 无心菜属

Male flowers: sepals 4-8, usually unequal, imbricate; petals absent; disk absent or obscurely glandular and between stamens (sometimes interpreted as staminodes); stamens 4-8, as long as or longer than sepals; filaments free; anthers 2-locular, introrse or extrorse, longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode usually enlarged at apex, depressed and bifid, usually pubescent.

雄花： 萼片4-8，通常不等长，覆瓦状；花瓣无；花盘无或生于雄蕊间且具腺；雄蕊4-8，等长于或长于萼片；花丝离生花药2室，内向或外向，纵向开裂；退化雌蕊通常在顶扩大，背腹扁平且2裂，通常短柔毛。

Four species of Grimmiaceae growing in Tian shan glacier one were observed their micro structure and appearance character by paraffin wax section and scanning electron microscopy.

对在一号冰川这种极端环境下生长的4种紫萼科植物，茎及叶的内部结构和表面进行解剖学观察，结果表明：直叶紫萼（Grimmia elatior Bruth ex Bals.et Dt Not。

Leaf blade not purple spotted; calyx lobes not hornlike, not spreading outward at apex; petiole 0.2-4(-7) cm

叶片而不是紫色斑点；萼裂片而不是角状，不开展外面在先端；叶柄0.2-4(-7)厘米 92 Chirita anachoreta 光萼唇柱苣苔

Historically, plants of this affinity with stamen number equal to sepal number were Ludwigia , and those with stamens twice as many as sepals were Jussiaea , but Raven and others demonstrated reticulate variation in this character, and treated the two groups as a single genus.

历史上，常具有与萼片数相同的雄蕊数的植株为 Ludwigia的，而雄蕊数为萼片的2倍的是Jussiaea的，但 Raven和其它人证明这一特征成网状式的变异，并且把这两个类群归入同一属内。

Plants 8 cm tall or more; calyx lobes slender, 2/7--2/5 as long as calyx tube, serrulate; corolla tube decurved at middle; apex of galea not mucronulate

植株8厘米高或更多；萼裂片纤细， 2/7 --2/5的倍于萼筒，有细锯齿；花冠筒下弯的在中部；盔瓣的先端不具小短尖 134 Pedicularis violascens 堇色马先蒿

Flowers yellowish to greenish, rarely brightly colored, small, bisexual or unisexual, rarely polygamous,(4 or)5-merous, hypogynous to epigynous, in mostly axillary, sessile or pedunculate cymes, or reduced to few in fascicles. Calyx tube patelliform or hemispherical to tubular, sometimes absent, at rim with calyx, corolla, and stamens; sepals 4 or 5, valvate in bud, triangular, erect or ± recurved during anthesis, adaxially often distinctly keeled, alternate with petals.

对带绿色淡黄的花，很少明亮染色，单性，很少杂性的小，两性或，(4或)5瓣，萼筒小盘状或者半球形到管状，有时无，在凸缘有花萼，花冠和雄蕊；萼片4或5，芽期镊合状，三角形，直立或者在花期弯曲，正面通常显著凸起，与花瓣互生。

In China, Pimpinella can be divided into two groups: those species with hairy, puberulent, or distinctly roughened fruits and obsolete calyx teeth; and those with smooth, glabrous fruits and obsolete or conspicuous calyx teeth.

在中国，Pimpinella 可以被分成两组：有毛，被微柔毛的，或果明显粗糙和萼齿废退的；以及那些具平滑，无毛果和废退的或明显的萼齿的。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。