萤光素

The characteristics of pentacene/perylene derivatives based organic solar cells are investigated in this thesis Donor and acceptor layers are pentacene and N N'-dioctyl-3 4 9 10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-2~13C) respectively Twelve organic solar cells with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions were fabricated to study the influence of various alkylic perylene derivatives on the power conversion efficiency Under the sunlight simulator with AM1 5G filter and 100 mW/cm2 the solar cell of pentacene/PTCDI-7C heterojunction with cathode of Ag/Al bilayer has the best performance among the devices with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions In PL spectrum analyses the pentacene/PTCDI-7C film had lower recombination rate than the other pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C films; therefore more excitons could reach the P/N junction and enhance short-circuit current Furthermore the PTCDI-7C film grown on the surface of penatcene was more matched than other PTCDI films analyzed by the PL peak shifts of 10 nm and 45 nm thick PTCDI-2~13C and images of atomic force microscope More lattice match between the films of pentacene and PTCDI resulted in fewer defects in P/N junction and more carries can reach electrodes Accordingly the power conversion efficiency approach 2% was obtained from the solar cell with the active layer of pentacene/PTCDI-7C

本研究探讨以五环素/骈苯衍生物异质接面太阳能电池之特性，利用pentacene作为电子施体有机材料，PTCDI -2C~13C作为电子受体有机材料，制作出异质接面为pentacene/ PTCDI-2C ~13C等12种有机太阳能电池，比较不同碳数的骈苯衍生物对於有机太阳能电池之光电转换效率之影响。在AM1 5G、100 mW/cm2的模拟太阳光下，以pentacene/PTCDI-7C异质接面太阳能电池具有短路电流9 882 mA/cm2、开路电压0 376 V、填充因数0 523及光电转换效率达1 945%，皆比其他pentacene/PTCDI-2C ~13C异质接面太阳能电池来的大。由薄膜分析可知PTCDI-7C在这12种太阳能电池中具有较低的电子电洞复合发光效率，可以让较多激子到达异质接面进行电荷分离，减少电子电洞对复合发光的机率；此外，由光激发萤光光谱之峰值位移配合原子力显微镜表面结构图，可以得知当PTCDI-7C成长在pentacene上时会顺著pentacene的结构成长薄膜，故较无缺陷产生在P/N接面处；而在其他结构下则无此现象产生，致使在pentacene/PTCDI-7C薄膜中的载子有较大的机会可以移动至电极，使光电流提高，进而使光电转换效率提高。

The fry of black seabreamand giant sea perch with 4.0cm-8.5cm using the methods of dyeing, i.e., the fish immersed in the water solution containing comestible pigment, immersion in tetracycline, i.e., the fish immersed in the water solution containing tetracycline, and marking by spraying, i.e., the fish sprayed with fluorescent pigment spraying on the skin of fish, and double marking, i.e., the fish sprayed with fluorescent pigment spraying on the skin of fish after feed with tetracycline, and control group. The survival rates, mark retention rates and hydrology data were separately measured every three days for black sea bream and every two days for giant sea perch. The results were as follows.

本研究针对体长4.0cm-8.5cm的黑鲷及金目鲈的鱼苗采用染色法(将鱼只浸泡在含有食用色素的水溶液中)、四环霉素浸泡法(将鱼只浸泡在含有四环霉素的水溶液中)、喷枪法(利用高压喷枪将萤光色素打在鱼的表皮)以及双重标识法（四环霉素投餵法加上喷枪法）与一组空白组进行试验，黑鲷每三天一次、金目鲈每两天一次，调查标识后鱼只的时间别残存率、时间别标识残留率以及水质资料，结果如下。

Mutation of the gARID1 binding site in the cwp1 promoter resulted in a decrease of promoter activity and mRNA levels during vegetative growth and encystation, suggesting that the gARID1 binding sites are positive cis-acting elements of the cwp1 gene promoters in both trophozoites and encysting cells. Using cotransfection assay, we also found overexpession of gARID1 can increase luciferase activity and mRNA levels, while mutation of the gARID1 binding sites of the cwp1 promoter resulted loss of this transactivation.

我们也用萤光酵素基因接上cwp1基因启动子，如果将其cwp1启动子上的gARID1结合位置突变，也可以发现萤光酵素和讯息RNA的表现有明显的下；再用cotransfection assay，可发现gARID1会使萤光酵素和讯息RNA表现明显上升，然而如果将其cwp1启动子上的gARID1结合位置突变，这种转活化则消失。

Luminescence resulting from a chemical reaction as the oxidation of luciferin in fireflies.

由化学反应发出的光，比如萤火虫的虫萤光素发生氧化反应时发出的光。

Currently activities involve (1) Investigation of dye-DNA interaction by using spectroscopic methods to probe the binding sites between chromophore and DNA and to identify various DNA conformational structures, particularly the telomeric DNA;(2) Investigation of the structure-activity correlation of anti-telomerase agents;(3) Design and synthesis new compounds for antitumor agents and fluorescence biomarkers;(4) Monitoring the folding and unfolding of quadruplex structure, tracing the pathway of drug delivery and probing drug-target interaction by using single molecule microscopy and spectroscopy.

目前 的研究重点分别是(1)利用光谱方法探讨探针分子与DNA的交互作用，特别是作用位置与结构变化；(2)研究抗端粒酵素作用分子之结构与生物活性之关系；(3)设计及合成抗肿瘤药剂或萤光生物标记；(4)建立单分子萤光光谱与影像技术，研究 DNA的多变型结构之变化机制，监测药物输送的路径过程及其在细胞中与标的物的作用。

In the second part of the thesis, we developed a very effective assay for the sulfotransferase that catalyzes the sulfation of serine and threonine. It utilized PAPS regenerated from 3-phosphoadenosine 5-phosphate by a recombinant PST using 4-methylumbelliferyl sulfate as the sulfuryl group donor. The change in the fluorescence intensity of 4-methylumbelliferone corresponded directly to the amount of active protein sulfotransferase.

第二部份则是探讨蛋白质亚硫酸转移酵素的活性检测方法，检测系统的主旨是用重组的PST催化受质4-methylumbelliferyl sulfate做为亚酸基提供者并转移至3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate再生PAPS ，此核苷酸的亚酸基再由蛋白质亚硫酸转移酵素催化，反应后所产生的4-methylumbelliferone之萤光变化可用来定量蛋白质亚硫酸转移酵素的活性。

The central theme of this thesis is to investigate the expression of lymphocyte surface marker and concentration of serum cytokines in four groups of patients with sepsis : Group 1, patients with Gram positive bacterial infection; Group 2, patients with Gram negative bacterial infection; Group 3, patients with negative cultures but strong evidence of infection; Group 4, patients without clinical and microbiologic evidence of infection as control group.

本研究主要以临床诊断为主再配合血液培养将病人分为四组：第一组是有革兰氏阳性细菌感染的病人；第二组是有革兰氏阴性细菌感染的病人；第三组是没有培养出细菌的感染性病人；第四组是由临床诊断及微生物培养证实为正常对照组。利用单株抗体接上萤光物质再配合流式细胞分析仪来测定淋巴球上各种细胞膜表面分化抗原的变化及利用酵素免疫分析法来探讨血清各种细胞素之变化。

①Rat MSC and VSMC were cultured and identified, respectively. MSC were labeled with DAPI firstly, and then co-cultivated with VSMC. The changes of morphology and ultrastructure of co-cultured cells were observed. Immunfluorescence analysis was performed by using monoclonal antibodies against specific antigen.②We established the regulatable system in two steps: a stable MSC line expressing rtTA has been constructed and characterized firstly by transfected with pUHD 17-1hyg and then selected by hygromycin B; in a second step, this line was used for trandfer the AT2R gene to MSC to get the well establishing double stable MSC lines;③The expression of AT2R regulated by doxycycline was evaluated by western blot;④The MSCs were transduced into rat carotid arteries with regulatable AT2R gene after the establishment of rat carotid balloon injury restenosis model. The intimal/medial area ratio were measured by digital analysis system.

研究方法：(1)密度梯度离心法及胶原酶消化法分别培养原代大鼠MSC及VSMC，细胞共培养并行免疫荧光化学染色和透射电镜观察超微结构；(2)组成受Dox调控的哺乳动物表达系统的四种成分的转化、扩增及提纯并酶切鉴定；(3)采用常规分子生物学方法连续两个回合转染体外培养的MSC，并分别采用发光计检测不同细胞克隆萤光素酶活性改变以及RT-PCR方法检测AT2R目的基因mRNA表达情况，根据各个细胞克隆受Dox调控表达的程度，选择低背景、高诱导表达AT2R的细胞系，作为双重稳定MSC细胞系；蛋白免疫印迹法观察该细胞系在Dox调控下AT2R表达的时相性、持续性及在不同浓度Dox调控下的表达情况；(4)建立大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤动物模型，将双重稳定MSC在术中导入血管，分别于14 d、28 d进行病理切片，检测可调控AT2R对新生内膜增生的影响；采用RT-PCR免疫组织化学免疫荧光等技术观察AT2R基因在新生内膜中的表达以及细胞外基质成分表达的改变，TUNEL法检测血管组织中细胞凋亡的变化情况。

The firefly and Renilla Dual-Glo Luciferase Assay System was purchased from Promega.

萤火虫和海肾双辉牌萤光素酶检测系统是购自试剂盒（麦迪逊，威斯康星州，美国）。

Moreover, the inductor and inhibitor of MDR1 gene were used for authenticating the method.

在pGL-MDR1和pRL-TK的转染比例为5：5时，转染效率最高并具有最高的萤光素酶活性。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。