萌发

This article reviews domestic and abroad studies on the types of spore germination,characteristics of protonema development and effects of environmental factors . It also presents the latest progress in this field from 1990s, such as the action mechanisms of Ca 2+·CAM signal system, plant hormones and light sign...

本文综述苔藓植物孢子萌发类型、原丝体发育特征以及环境影响因子等，还介绍了 2 0世纪90年代以来该领域研究的新进展，如人们以苔藓植物原丝体为实验材料进一步揭示Ca2 +·CAM信号系统、、植物激素、光信号系统等在植物体内的作用机制

Sinense, the spores germinate inside their exospores and then divide into massive protonemata;the massive protonemata can form two kinds of protonemata of which one is clubbed protonema with papillae,and the other is caulonema composed of long and cylindrical cells ; the gametophyte archaeocytes only occur on the massive protonemata.

结果表明：中华缩叶藓的孢子在壁内萌发，随后分裂产生块状原丝体；块状原丝体上可产生两种丝状体，一种是具疣的棒状原丝体，另一种是由长圆柱状细胞组成的轴丝体；配子体原始细胞只产生于块状原丝体上。

Bryophytes ; Spore germination ; Protonema development

苔藓；孢子萌发；原丝体发育

Puffball Spore Germination,Fermentation Condition, Anti-inflammatory

马勃，孢子萌发，液体发酵，抗炎

Puna Chicory, leymus multicaulis and Psathyrostachysjuncea.For the materials used in this article were some old seeds which had been stored for 3-7 years, we found a lot of abnormal mitotic and meiotic cells, such as chromosome bridge. chromosome laggard, micronucleus, multipolar division and so on. Moreover, we also found the wheat"s multi-anther, double germinate-hole"s microspore and collected the photos of every period of meiosis. mitosis.

因为用于细胞学检测的小麦材料是搁置多年的陈旧种子，所以在检测染色体数目时，发现大量异常分裂现象，包括染色体桥、染色体落后、微核、多极分裂等；实验过程中还发现小麦多花药现象和花粉粒具双萌发孔的现象；同时在显微观察同时还注意搜集了细胞有丝分裂、减数分裂各个时期的分裂相图片。

The research aimed to investigate the effects of putrescine on the tomato seed germination under NaCl Stress.

［目的］探讨腐胺对盐胁迫下番茄种子萌发的影响。

From the beginning of germination, radicle spread out and down from the seed capsule.

植物从种子萌发开始，胚根从种皮中伸出并向下生长，这种从胚中长出的根称为主根，随着生长过程的进行，又会在主根上长出侧根，而当侧根长到一定的时候又会长出次一级的侧根，这样不断生长就形成了一个植物的根系。

The normal maize seedling establishment is initiated by the growth of embryoshoot and radicle in the seed upon seed germination.

玉米植株个体的生长发育始于种子中的胚根和胚芽，而种子萌发是胚根和胚芽生长的起始阶段。

They will often rally in a crisis .

他们意识到萌发中的危机。

The second phase of much higher recurrence risk may reflect successful reseeding, reimplantation, and regrowth of ectopic endometrium.

此后的复发风险较高可能反映了异位子宫内膜的再次萌发、植入及生长。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷