萌发

Sponge gourd and rape pollens from spikelets of natural anthesis were harvested and immediately spread onto pollen germination mediums with or without DHJA or MeJA of different concentrations.

为进一步探查茉莉酸类植物激素对花粉萌发的影响，研究二氢茉莉酸和茉莉酸甲酯对丝瓜和油菜花粉萌发的效应。

Germination rate of sporangium in different temperature, pH and nutrition was examined with suspending-drop method.

用悬滴法测定温度、营养和 pH值对孢子囊萌发的影响，用硫酸法控制小容器相对湿度和载玻片法测定湿度对孢子囊萌发的影响。

The spores of Cheilolejeunea ventricosa X.L.He were cultured on MS media (without acid and vitamin, pH=6.2, with 1% agar and 1% sucrose). The sporeling development and oil body ontogeny were observed. After a 55-day-long axenic culture, young plants were obtained successfully. Sodium hypochlorite solution was used to sterilize the capsules. Our results revealed that the sterilizing treatment with 0.1% Sodium hypochlorite solution for a period of 5 seconds was optimal. Oil bodies in primary protonemata are nearly homogeneous, but distinctly compound in the leaf cells of the primary leafy shoots.

首次研究了膨叶唇鳞苔的孢子萌发、原丝体和油体发育及配子体发生的过程，结果表明：(1)使用经过改良的MS培养基（不加氨基酸和维生素，pH值为6.2，琼脂和蔗糖浓度均为1%）能在55 d左右的时间利用孢子培养获得植物体；(2)用0.1%的次氯酸钠溶液，消毒5 s是消毒孢子的最佳方案；(3)油体在孢子萌发初期为均一型，到幼叶发生后，成为可见的聚合型，但聚合的程度比野生材料要弱。

It was observed that low salt con-centration had a stimulating effect on germination.In general,the percentage of germination declined withsalt concentration increasing.The response of stylo seeds to salt stress varied with a changing concentra-tion and the type of salt used in individual treatment.

结果表明，低盐浓度对部分柱花草种子萌发有促进作用；随着盐处理浓度增高，发芽率一般呈下降趋势，但也有例外；不同浓度的盐胁迫下柱花草种子的适应情况不同，同一柱花草种子在萌发时对不同盐的适应情况也不同。

It takes about 0.5 h for a pollen tube from germination to arrive at the micropyle. About 0.5 h after pollination, the pollen tube releases two sperms into one synergid. At 0.5-2.5 h after pollination, the egg cell fuses with one sperm to form a zygote. About 10.0 h after pollination, the division of the zygote begins. The duration of the zygote lasts about 2.5-10.0 h. However, one sperm nucleus fuses with two polar nuclei at 1.0-3.0 h after pollination, and 5.0 h after pollination the primary endosperm nucleus begins to divide.

水稻受精过程经历的时间表如下：授粉后，花粉在柱头萌发；花粉萌发至花粉管进入珠孔大约需要0.5小时；授粉后0.5小时左右，花粉管进入一个助细胞，释放精子；授粉后0.5-2.5小时，精卵融合形成合子；授粉后约10.0小时，合子第1次分裂，合子期为授粉后2.5-10.0小时；授粉后1.0-3.0小时，精核与两极核融合；授粉后约5.0小时，初生胚乳核分裂。

Based on data of teliospore germination of Tt2 on day 50 after incubated,the model of relationship between teliospore germination rates and temperature for Tt2 was constructed as Y =0.150 77exp-(0.029 49( X -4.957 6)2.These results of biological experiments will provide fundamental data for risk assessments of establishment of TCK in China.

根据分离菌Tt2不同温度下培养50 d时的萌发率，建立了萌发率与温度的模型为Y=0.150 8 exp[-0.02949( X -4.957 6)]2，此结果为TCK的风险评估提供了基础数据。

The models describing the rates of teliospore germination of TCK and soil relative moisture capacity were established based on the rates of teliospore germination from islolates Tt1 and Tt2 after 50 and 60 days' culture at different soil moistures. The results provided the fundamental data for risk assessment of TCK.

根据分离菌Tt1和Tt2在不同土壤湿度下培养50d和60d的冬孢子萌发率，建立了TCK冬孢子萌发率与土壤相对含水量的关系模型，此结果为TCK的风险评估提供了基础数据。

Under unshaded conditions, large seeds had significantly (p.01) higher rates of germination than did small seeds.

结果表明：(1)在自然光照下，黄帚橐吾种子大小对种子萌发的影响显著，大种子的萌发率高于小种子。

Both the free proline contents of anther and the pollen germination rate were compared between the virosis plants infected with TMV and non virosis plant in hot pepper ( Capsicum frutescens L.).

对辣椒感染TMV植株与健康植株花药中的游离脯氨酸含量和花粉萌发力进行了比较研究，结果表明，染病毒植株花药中的游离脯氨酸含量和花粉萌发率均明显降低。

In the present study, the effect of salinity on the germination for euhalophyte and xerophyte, and the strategies for adaptation of halophytes to extreme saline and arid environments in Xinjiang during seed germination stage were investigated;the osmotic adjustment traits of euhalophyte and xerophyte were also investigated in field and controlled conditions.

本文研究了盐分对真盐生植物和旱生植物种子萌发的影响以及盐生植物种子萌发阶段适应新疆极端盐渍和干旱环境的策略；在野外和室内条件下对真盐生植物和旱生植物渗透调节特性进行了比较研究。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。