萃取的

Studies on preparation of ultra-micro spice powder of Daokou Carbonado flavor by freeze grinding technology;2. Studies on supercritical CO_2 extraction of spice blends of Daokou Carbonado flavor were carded out in this paper.

在 CO_2流速和分离压力恒定的条件下，通过单因素和正交试验探讨了萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间、分离温度四个参数对本公司开发的道口烧鸡风味复合辛香料进行超临界 CO_2萃取的影响，并确定了最佳提取工艺：萃取压力30MPa、萃取温度50℃、萃取时间120min、分离温度30℃、CO_2流速为20g/min，分离压力为10MPa。

The results showed that pH and the dosage of aspartic acid or citric acid had a significant effect on the extraction efficiency.

以天冬氨酸作为萃取剂，研究了其对上海桃浦污水处理厂污泥中重金属的萃取性能，重点考察了萃取体系pH值对重金属萃取的影响，并在相同条件下与柠檬酸的萃取过程进行比较。

Factors of sample temperature,adsorption time and desorption time on the SPME treatment of seeds of Foeniculum vulgare Mill were investigated.

考察了萃取样品温度、萃取纤维吸附时间及解吸时间对于固相微萃取的影响，确定了固相微萃取小茴香挥发性成分较佳的实验条件为：萃取样品温度60℃，萃取纤维吸附时间40min，脱附温度250℃，脱附时间5min。

The diluent solution of glyoxylic acid and oxalic acid was used as the separation object.TOA (in n-octanol) was used as the solvent. The extraction characteristics of single acid and two-acid solution were studied,and the influence of pH and the concentration of complexing agent on the distribution coefficients were measured. The suitable mathematic models were proposed to describe the relationship between TOA and carboxylic acid based on assumed extraction reaction in organic phase.

摘 要：以草酸和乙醛酸的稀溶液为分离对象，采用三辛胺为萃取反应剂、正辛醇为稀释剂，研究了单溶质、双溶质有机酸的萃取分离特性，测定了溶液pH值、萃取反应剂的浓度等因素对双溶质有机酸萃取的影响，提出了萃取的化学反应发生在有机相中的假定，建立了TOA萃取草酸的数学模型。

The diluent solution of glyoxylic acid and oxalic acid was used as the separation object. TOA (in n-octanol) was used as the solvent. The extraction characteristics of single acid and two-acid solution were studied, and the influence of pH arid the concentration of complexing agent on the distribution coefficients were measured. The suitable mathematic models were proposed to describe the relationship between TOA and carboxylic acid based on assumed extraction reaction in organic phase.

以草酸和乙醛酸的稀溶液为分离对象，采用三辛胺为萃取反应剂、正辛醇为稀释剂，研究了单溶质、双溶质有机酸的萃取分离特性，测定了溶液pH值、萃取反应剂的浓度等因素对双溶质有机酸萃取的影响，提出了萃取的化学反应发生在有机相中的假定，建立了TOA萃取草酸的数学模型。

The effects of the surfactants, trioctyl phosphine oxide, sodium dodecyl sulfonate and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, on the extraction rate of Co^2^+ were investigated. The acceleration in the kinetics in contributed to the associated molecule~2 TOPO taking part in the extraction process directly. The decrement effects of SDS or CTMAB on the rate of extraction kinetics of Co^2^+ with HDEHP were also observed, which caused by the adsorption of molecules of SDS or CTMAB on the interface and decreased the interfacial adsorption amount of HDEHP. In addition, the extraction rate was reduced by a bigger margin in HDEHP-SDS system. This can be explained in terms of the formation of an electric field at the interface.

研究体系中加入不同表面活性剂所引起萃取速率的不同改变：三辛基氧化膦因与HDEHP形成可萃取的Co^2^+活性分子缔合物，降低了萃取过程活化能而使反应加速；十二烷基磺酸钠和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵因占据发生萃取反应的界面区，减小了HDEHP与Co^2^+反应的机会而使反应减速； SDS还因其在界面形成较强的负电场，造成Co^2^+的附加势能而使萃取速率有更大幅度的降低。

Distribution ratios of complex extraction for different operation conditions were forecasted. Using mass action law, the liquid-liquid equilibrium models of complex extraction of monobasic and polybasic carboxylic acid have been successfully induced, and physical extraction were also considered in the model. On the basis of orthogonal experiments, the models of equilibrium distribution ratios were established. The processes of complex extraction were tested and verified. Comparing experimental data with model values, it could be held that the regression precision of model was rather high and the model supplied fundamental data for industrial amplification and practical use of complex extraction.

采用质量作用定律分析方法，成功地推导了同时考虑物理萃取的一元及多元羧酸络合萃取通用液-液平衡数学模型，并在正交试验基础上建立了磷酸三丁酯络合萃取丁酸、三烷基胺（7301）萃取丁酸、丁二酸、柠檬酸的平衡分配系数模型，从平衡角度对络合萃取过程进行了验证与预测，通过实验数据与模型计算值比较，表明模型的拟合精度较好，从而为络合萃取技术的工业放大与实际应用提供了重要依据。

In this paper the technology of the CO2 supercritical fluid extraction of the oil from camphor tree seed were studiedin the lab.

对超临界CO2萃取樟树籽油的工艺进行了研究，探讨了萃取压力，萃取温度和CO2流量对樟树籽油萃取的影响，在萃取压力20MPa、萃取温度40℃、CO2流量35kg/h条件下，萃取2h，樟树籽油的萃取率可达94.3%。

A rapid and simple method was developed for determination of aroma c omponents of apple wine by head space solide-phase microextraction coupled to capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Four paramete rs, including fiber coatings,extraction time,concentration of salt, and extraction temperature,were optimized. 2-Octanol was used as an inter nal standard for accuracy improvement.

以顶空固相微萃取法（Head Space Solid-Phase Micro-Extractions，HS-SPME）和气相色谱质谱（Gas Chromatgraphy-Mass Spectrometry，GC-MS）联用，2-辛醇为内标，研究了萃取头、萃取时间、加盐质量浓度、萃取温度对苹果酒中香气物质萃取的影响，优化了分析条件，建立了快速测定苹果酒中香气物质的方法。

To demonstrate its feasibility, MD-SPME was compared to the conventional method, steam distillation.

本论文用该方法研究了益智和鱼腥草两种天然植物精油，优化了微波辅助-固相微萃取的萃取参数如萃取头选择、微波功率、微波照射萃取时间和解析时间，研究结果与水蒸气蒸馏方法基本一致。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。