菌膜

After ascertaining the dominant bacteria's optimum environmental conditions, degradation of oil by the strain is researched with the arachis hypogaea, restaurant wastewater and a kind of solid oil containing membrane as object.

结果表明，该菌对花生油溶液中油脂和 CODCr的去除率在 2 4h以内分别达到 98.91%和 97.2 7%；对餐厅污染中油脂和 CODCr的降解率在 30 h内分别达到 88.6 6 %和 85 。42 %。另外，该优势菌对油脂膜也有良好降解效果，在固体和液体培养基中 30 d内油脂膜量分别减少了 3.31%和 11.2 9%以上。

The test also reveals that the removal of CODCr could not keep in pace with that of ammonia in the process of film formation , while the increasing rate of the aerobic heterotrophic bacteria is higher than that of the autotrophic nitrobacteria in the process of biological film growth.

试验还显示，挂膜过程中，CODCr 和氨氮的去除率的提高不是同步的，生物膜增长过程中，好氧异养菌的增殖速度较快，硝化菌的增殖速度较慢。

In recent years, medical science progresses, the Gram-positive bacilli have a more in-depth study. Here on Gram-positive bacilli in the mononuclear cells of Listeria monocytogenes, Diphtheroid bacilli, erythema silk erysipelas bacteria of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile, Bacillus anthracis and Nocardia infections, Detection and treatment are reviewed.

近年来，医学科学不断进步，对革兰阳性杆菌有了更深入的研究，为此就革兰阳性杆菌中的单核细胞增生性李斯特菌、红斑丹毒丝菌、产气荚膜梭菌、艰难梭菌，炭疽杆菌以及诺卡氏菌的感染、检测方法及治疗作一综述。

Showed that: After being treated with the combined antiseptic germicide of 60% ethanol, 0 5% lactic and 0 2% acetic acid, together with calcium alginate coating, the cooked meat was left unspolled at 28 ℃ for 7 days.

将两种可食性涂膜材料，分别与无毒抑菌剂联合使用，对熟肉制品进行保鲜处理，研究表明，经 60 %乙醇、 0 。5%乳酸和 0 。2 %醋酸复合抑菌剂浸泡，并以海藻酸钠涂膜包被，处理后的熟肉制品在 2 8℃保温 7天不腐败变质，细菌总数及大肠菌群均未检出

In this paper, the ability and mechanism of antibacterial and immune defense ofChinese shrimp was studied using cytological, biochemical, molecular biological andproteomic methods. A sensitive and stable antibacterial and lysozyme assay methodswere selected. The effect of Vibrio anguillarum and laminarin (a kind of beta-1,3-glucan) on the immune ability of haemolymph of Chinese shrimp was analyzed.The changes of total haemocyte counts, antibacterial ability, lysozyme activity andlysosome membrane stability were detected.

本文采用细胞学，生物化学，分子生物学和蛋白质组学等技术，对对虾的抗菌能力和免疫防御机制进行研究，筛选了灵敏稳定的抑菌和溶菌检测方法；并对灭活鳗弧菌和海带多糖(laminarin，一种B-1， 3 葡聚糖)免疫诱导后的中国明对虾血细胞数目，血淋巴的抑菌活力，溶菌能力，溶酶体膜的稳定性进行分析；对两种重要免疫因子溶菌酶和精氨酸激酶进行克隆和表达分析。

For a peptide to act as part of the host defense system or to be of pharmaceutical interest, high antimicrobial activity must be combined by low hemolytic activity. Our results indicated that the antimicrobial activity increased with increasing charge and polar angle, with charge of ＋4 and polar angle of 140° exhibiting the highest antibacterial and membrane permeabilizing activity. Higher hydrophobicity and hydrophobic moment correlated with increased hemolytic activity, thus decreasing selectivity dramatically.

胜肽要扮演宿主免疫机制的一部分或要成为新型态的抗生素不仅要有强大的抗菌活性还需要有高度的选择性，由本实验的结果发现，当抗菌胜肽的正电荷及极性角度增加时，胜肽之抗菌活性会随之增加，当抗菌胜肽的电荷为＋4而极性角度为 140°时，胜肽有最强之抗菌能力及膜渗透活性；而随著胜肽疏水性以及疏水性矩的增加，会增加溶血活性，结果反而降低了抗菌胜肽的选择性。

Some species were not reported as ERM fungi in other reportes such as Neonectria radicicola, Bionectria ochroleuca, and so on.

在12种杜鹃类菌根菌中，4个种属于柔膜菌目Helotiales，是云南杜鹃花属植物菌根菌的主要组成成分。

For further understanding the effect of the strain on K-bearing silicate mineral, an experiment with KO2 strain cultured in nitrogen-containing and nitrogen-free medium was conducted. By putting mineral powders into the medium and measuring the concentration of capsular polysaccharides, we concluded that the strain can accelerate the weathering rate of silicate minerals. The results showed that the polysaccharides secreted by the strain in the growth process could help the bacterial to adhere to the mineral surface effectively, and created the bacterium-mineral complex, which formed a mircro-enviorment avail the release of potassium. Another result was that there was higher level of Carbonic Anhydrase activity, which revealed that some exo-protein or enzyme produced by the bacterial had postive impact on the process of releasing potassium ion. We carried out the bacterial fermentation for larger scale production of the bacterial secretion, which was used to sperate, and identify the small molecules related to the mineral-bacterial interaction. After the analysis, it was found that the strain can produce many kinds of small molecules, such as 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid, methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, etc.

分别将菌株接入含有不同矿粉的培养基中培养，检测其在有氮、无氮培养基中荚膜多糖含量的变化，并在以钾长石和黑云母为矿源的情况下，比较研究了菌株在有氮、无氮培养基中对矿物的风化能力，通过一系列的实验，证实胶质芽孢杆菌在生长过程中所分泌的粘稠胞外聚糖可帮助细菌有效黏附在矿物表面，形成细菌-矿物复合体，并改变及维持该复合体内部的微环境，有助于该菌的解钾作用，而且细菌分泌的胞外蛋白质在该菌对含钾硅酸盐矿物的解钾作用过程中发挥重要作用；将胶质芽孢杆菌接入以钾长石和黑云母为矿源的有氮、无氮培养基中培养，检测到该菌碳酸酐酶活性的变化，并进行批量发酵后小分子酸性分泌产物的提取、分离、纯化与鉴定等方面的研究，结果表明，该菌可产生2-羟基苯甲酸，4-羟基苯乙酸，4-羟基苯甲酸甲酯等小分子物质。

Swine enteropathogenic E. colis were rejuvenescenced and 6 of them were selected to prepare blood serum. We had tested the reactance of cross agglutination and agar diffusion between the strains and the blood serums. No. 300 and No. 343 were selected because they had highly cross reaction. To test superantigen of No.300 and No.343, the antigens made by both of them immunized piglets, and then we detected the serum 0D values with indirect ELISA. The OMP and PF of No. 300 and No. 343 were extracted for SDS—PAGE and westen-blotting.

本研究针对10株猪致病性大肠杆菌，经复壮后选取致病性强的6菌株作为供试菌株，制备免疫血清与这6菌株的多种抗原分别进行交叉凝集试验和琼脂扩散试验，根据各菌株抗原的交叉反应程度，筛选出抗原交叉程度高的菌株300和343，检测两菌株超抗原的毒性作用，以不同方式制备抗原免疫仔猪，用间接ELISA检测免疫效果，并提取菌株300和343的外膜蛋白和渗透因子经SDS—PAGE及免疫印迹试验，进行相关分析。

It can be used to make artificial dialysers,artificial skins,oral ulcer membranes,and periodontal tissue GTR membranes and drug membranes.

为对医药领域开发和研制壳聚糖膜提供一些借鉴，综述了壳聚糖膜可以应用于医药领域的优良性能：易降解性、生物相容性、促创伤愈合性、抗菌性和药物缓释性；以及壳聚糖膜剂的一些医药用途，有人工肾膜、人工皮肤、口腔溃疡膜、牙周 GTR膜、不同给药途径药膜等。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。