菌尿

Methods According to the selection of the sample of bacteriuria througth NIT and LEU esterase testing,add to the positive sample directly to the antimicrobial susceptibility analytic board,to culture the bacˉteria at35℃for18～24hours,then take and analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility.

方法通过亚硝酸盐和白细胞酯酶试验进行菌尿标本筛选，阳性尿样直接加入到药敏分析试剂板经35℃18～24h培养后进行药敏分析。

Objective To provide the basis of the rapid choice of the medicine for the patients,and to avoid the misuse of the antibiotic.Methods According to the selection of the sample of bacteriuria througth NIT and LEU esterase testing,add to the positive sample directly to the antimicrobial susceptibility analytic board,to culture the bacˉteria at35℃for18～24hours,then take and analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility.

目的 急性泌尿道感染患者提供快速选药依据，避免抗生素滥用方法通过亚硝酸盐和白细胞酯酶试验进行菌尿标本筛选，阳性尿样直接加入到药敏分析试剂板经35℃18～24h培养后进行药敏分析。

Inthe NIT-negative LEU-positive sample,6G + C have an unanimous results through both methods.Conclusion The method of antimicrobial susceptibility analytic directly after the selection of the NIT、LEU bacteriuria testing is simple and rapid,the primary results may be provided the basis of clinic treatment in24hours and to avoid the misuse of the antibiotic.

急性泌尿道感染经NIT、LEU菌尿筛定后用KH-21细菌药敏分析试剂板直接进行药敏分析，方法简单、快速，能在24h内为临床治疗提供选药依据，避免抗生素滥用，有实用价值。

The comparisons of biochemistry between OP and OR rats The differences between OP and OR rats included not only body weight, but lipids metabolism and insulin sensitivity as well, characterized with insulin resistance, increasing in serum free fatty acids and ketone body, and hepatic TC and TG in OP rats. However, no significant differences were observed in serum TG, TC, LDL, HDL and fasting glucose between OP and OR rats.⑶Comparisons of metabolites in serum, urine and liver tissue between OP and OR rats①There were significant differences in amino acids concentration between OP and OR rats,especially in liver tissue, such as high concentrations in ketogenic and glucogenic amino acids in OP rats, suggesting differences in amino acids metabolism;② The different metabolites between OP and OR rats included increasing of various saturated fatty acids and decreasing of polyunsaturated fatty acids in OP rats;③The urinary metabolites analysis indicated that different structure or metabolism of gut microflora might exist between the two phenotypes, which probably influenced the regulation of body weight gain;④The end-products of catecholamines in urine and intermediates of krebs cycle in serum in OP rats were all up-regulated, suggesting that the activity of sympatheic nervous system and energy metabolism was higher in OP rats than OR rats.

胰岛素耐受实验和胰岛素敏感指数表明OP动物的胰岛素敏感性较OR动物下降，而OP大鼠血清中游离脂肪酸、酮体、肝脏总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平显著升高；但是，OP与OR大鼠血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和空腹血糖等的水平并无显著性差异；⑶肥胖易感与肥胖抵抗大鼠血清、尿液和肝脏组织提取物中代谢物的比较研究表明：①OP与OR大鼠的血清、尿液和肝组织提取物中多种氨基酸的含量存在显著差异，并以肝组织中的差异氨基酸数量为最多，包括各种生酮和生糖氨基酸水平在OP组的升高，说明氨基酸代谢的差异是两种体重表型大鼠之间存在的重要差异特征之一；②OP与OR动物肝脏和血清差异代谢物中包含多种饱和长链脂肪酸的升高如十四烷酸、十六烷酸、硬脂酸等和多不饱和脂肪酸的下降如亚油酸和花生四烯酸，说明两种体重表型动物的肝脏脂肪酸代谢存在明显差异；③长期高脂饮食喂养后，动物的尿液代谢物分析表明OP与OR动物体内的肠道菌群结构存在差异，这些菌群上的差别可能在动物体重增长的调节上产生影响；④与OR动物相比，OP动物尿液代谢物中儿茶酚胺类递质的代谢终产物如高香草酸、扁桃酸和4-羟基苯乙酸明显升高。

Interstitial cystitis is characterized by bladder pain associated with urgency, frequency, nocturia, dysuria and sterile urine.

间质性膀胱炎是以膀胱疼痛伴隨著频尿、急尿、夜尿、排尿困难等下尿路症状，而且具有无菌性尿液分析之结果为特徵。

We herein report on a febrile patient with Burkholderia pseudomallei septicemia presenting primarily as prostatic abscesses. Initial urinalysis was normal but post-prostatic massage urinalysis revealed profound pyuria. All cultures from blood, post-massage urine and urethral pus grew Burkholderia pseudomallei. The patient was treated successfully with ceftazidime and co-trimoxazole combined with surgical drainage by transurethral resection of the prostate.

我们报告一位发烧的病人，感染源为类鼻疽摄护腺脓疡，最初尿液检查为正常，但摄护腺按摩后的尿液却是脓尿，所有从血液、尿液和尿道口脓的培养报告都是类鼻疽菌，经ceftazidime和co-trimoxazole抗生素治疗加上外科引流后治疗成功。

Conclusion1 Critically ill patients with indwelling catheters were of the high positive rate of microorganisms,and microorganism spectrum was of special properties;BF formed mainly inside the catheter,the occurrence rate of BF inside the catheter was high and the formation time was short;Changes on catheters and the result of microorganisms was positively correlated with the BF formation.2 Indwelling catheter time was the independent risk factors for the BF formatiom, while age、APACHEⅡscore、sex、urine sugar and the types of antibiotic usage were the potential risk factors for the BF formation;Nurses should perfect the catheter measures for critical ill patients,emphasis on the assessment of risk factors of BF formation,and implement special care in high-risk patients.3 In the early stage of BF formation,irrigation could play the role of eradicative BF effectively;While later,it couldn't,but it can delay the speed of BF formation and maturation;In the choice of washing methods,injection type washing method is superior to infusion.

结论1重危患者留置尿管微生物培养阳性率高，且微生物菌谱具有特殊性；重危患者尿管表面BF主要在尿管内壁形成；内壁BF的发生率高，形成时间短；肉眼观察尿管表面改变情况以及微生物鉴定结果与BF形成呈正相关。2尿管留置时间是重危患者留置尿管表面BF形成的独立危险因素；年龄、APAcHEⅡ评分、性别、尿糖定性以及抗生素使用种类是其可能的危险因素；护理过程中应完善重危患者尿管护理措施，注重对BF危险因素的评估，并对高危患者实施重点护理。3 BF形成早期，冲洗能发挥较好的清除作用；BF形成后期，冲洗无法彻底清除尿管表面BF，但冲洗能延缓BF形成与成熟的速度；在冲洗方式的选择上，注洗式冲洗法对尿管BF的清除效果优于输注式冲洗法。

CASE REPORTS1248 urine samples with the false positive phenomenon of red blood cells were analysed by UF100 urine sediment analyzer, dry chemical analysis and microscopic examination. The results showed that the crystal, miscellaneous germs and saccharomycete were main factors of affectting the detected results by UF100 urine sediment analyzer.

病例报告］选择1248例门诊患者尿液标本，进行尿沉渣分析、干化学分析和显微镜检测，并进行比较，结果见尿细菌、结晶及酵母样菌等是影响UF100全自动尿沉渣分析仪检测结果的主要因素。

The patient responded well to oxygen therapy after urosepsis had been controlled.

当菌尿症获得控制后，病人对氧气的治疗反应良好。

Results: A total of 452 patients (aged from 25 to 100) were enrolled in the study. In 128 patients (28.3%), Candida spp.

结果：452例患者（年龄25~100岁）入选，128例患者发生院内获得性念珠菌尿，发病率为28.3%。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。