菌体

The vibriocidal antibody levels in different groups of people were examined with complement-mediated bacteriolysis technique. Cholera specimens were detected with two methods and analyzed by statistics.

采用补体溶菌试验方法检测不同人群杀弧菌抗体水平，并运用统计学方法，对补体溶菌试验与常规分离培养法的检测结果进行分析。

Nit mutants could be selected from chlorate-resistant sectors on Czapek but not on minimal medium . A total of 328 stable nit mutants were selected from 3504 sectors on Czapek and used for the further study. Of these nit mutants, 58. 8% were classed as nit1, 26. 8% as nit3, 13. 8% as NitM, 0.6% as nitD unable to from each isolate were complementally paired in all possible combination.

全部3504抗氯酸盐突变体在Czapek中共鉴定出328个稳定的nit突变体，其中nit1占58.8％，nit3占26.8％，NitM占13.8％，nitD占0.6％。37个菌株中，21个（73％）获得了nit突变体，16个（26％）还没有，仅5个菌株获得了NitM突变体。

In this paper, the ability and mechanism of antibacterial and immune defense ofChinese shrimp was studied using cytological, biochemical, molecular biological andproteomic methods. A sensitive and stable antibacterial and lysozyme assay methodswere selected. The effect of Vibrio anguillarum and laminarin (a kind of beta-1,3-glucan) on the immune ability of haemolymph of Chinese shrimp was analyzed.The changes of total haemocyte counts, antibacterial ability, lysozyme activity andlysosome membrane stability were detected.

本文采用细胞学，生物化学，分子生物学和蛋白质组学等技术，对对虾的抗菌能力和免疫防御机制进行研究，筛选了灵敏稳定的抑菌和溶菌检测方法；并对灭活鳗弧菌和海带多糖(laminarin，一种B-1， 3 葡聚糖)免疫诱导后的中国明对虾血细胞数目，血淋巴的抑菌活力，溶菌能力，溶酶体膜的稳定性进行分析；对两种重要免疫因子溶菌酶和精氨酸激酶进行克隆和表达分析。

C. gloeosporioides mycelium grew well on media with fructose and glucose as carbon source while sorbose and starch promoted sporulation. The mycelia of C. dematium grew well with maltose as carbon source while starch promoted sporulation. Of the nitrogen sources tested, organic nitrogens were beneficial for both mycelial growth and sporulation but chemical nitrogens suppressed both growth and sporulation.

供试碳源中果糖和葡萄糖有利于胶孢炭疽菌的菌丝体生长，山梨糖和淀粉有利于其产孢；麦芽糖有利于黑线炭疽菌的菌丝体生长，淀粉有利于其产孢；氮源中有机氮有利于2种炭疽菌生长和产孢，化学氮源则表现抑制作用。

Three kinds of Hericium erinaceus extractions derived from fruitbody and mycelia were used to treat injured stomachal mucosa of the rat.

用三种不同主式得到的猴头菌提取物(猴头菌子实体粗多糖、猴头菌菌丝体粗多糖、猴头菌菌丝体全提物)对乙醇致大鼠胃粘膜损伤的治疗作用进行研究。

Results The infec- tious rate of out-patients was 82.63%（6939/8398）, including 18.83% monilia infections, 3.57% trichomonas Infections, 1.45% gonocoectrs infectious, 21.89% chlamydial trachomatis or mycoplasmas Infections, 28.6% bacterial vaginitis, 2.26% syphilis, 0.08%HIV infections.38.51% patients suffered from two kinds and more than two kinds infections,7 cases combining HIV infection; The infectious rate of health physical examinees was 19.93%（1656/8309）, including 7.7% monilia infections, 0.3% tri- chomonas Infections, 2.0% chlamydial trachomatis or mycoplasmas Infections,9.3% bacterial vaginitis, 0.05% gonococcus infections,4.28% persons suffered from two kinds and more than two kinds infections.

结果 门诊患者生殖道炎症为82.63%（6939/8398），霉菌感染18.83%、滴虫感染3.57%、淋球菌感染1.45%、衣原体/支原体感染21.89%、细菌性感染28.6%、梅毒感染2.26%、HIV0.08%，38.51%的人有两种或两种以上病原体感染，其中合并HIV感染7例；健康体检组生殖道炎症19.93%（1656/8309），霉菌感染7.7%、滴虫感染0.3%、淋球菌感染0.05%、衣原体/支原体感染2.0%、细菌性感染9.3%，4.28%的人有两种或两种以上病原体感染。

The apoplasmic charater of ectomycorrhizal roots of Larix seedlings infected with Paxillus involutus was examined using the cathnic colloidal gold. The result showed the density and distribution of anionic binding sites were different in sheath and Hartig net. The negative charger in the outer part of the sheath was slightly low. It increased graduately from outer to inter sheath. The negative charger density rised higher in the inter part of the sheath and then decreased graduatedly from the sheath to Hartig net. This may be related to nutrient uptake and atransport in ectomycorrhizal roots.

利用阳离子胶体金探针研究日本落叶松和卷缘桩菇形成的外生菌根质外体的特性，结果表明，外生菌根质外体负电荷分布是不均一的，在菌套外侧负电荷比较低，向内侧逐渐增高，在靠近单宁层菌套菌丝细胞壁负电荷密度最高，再向内侧过度到哈蒂氏网又呈现出明显逐渐下降的现象，而且在哈蒂氏网负电荷主要分布在植物的细胞壁，真菌菌丝细胞壁负电荷很少。

These uncontaminated explants showed that morphogenetic potential were 70%-75% and each responding explant had 1.2-1.4 shoots formation on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L NAA and 16 mg/L BA. Moreover, adding antibiotics (100 mg/L Rifampicin and 100 mg/L Gentamycin) to solidify MS contained 3% galactose were tested, results showed the lowest contamination rates were 20% and 1.0-1.2 shoots were regenerated per responding explant. The antibiotic treatments with 100 mg/L Rifampicin and 100 mg/L Gentamycin could reduce internal contaminants, while the addition of antibiotics into medium in vitro culture led to phototoxic phenomena of axillary explants, morphogenetic potential lost and the growth of regenerant was also inhibited.

以100 mg/L Rifampicin+100 mg/L Gentamycin或100 mg/L Rifampicin+100 mg/L Gentamycin+150 mg/L Streptomycin组合浓度处理者，具有显著降低污染率的效果分别为60%及50%；克服内生菌污染而建立初代无菌培养之腋芽培植体，则以100 mg/L Rifampicin或以100 mg/L Rifampicin+100 mg/L Gentamycin处理者，芽体再生率最高70%-75%，惟平均每一腋芽培植体芽体增殖数仅1.2-1.4个；另在醣种类及浓度与抗生素试验，显示100 mg/L Rifampicin+100 mg/L Gentamycin之抗生素浓度组合添加至含3g/L半乳糖的培养基，显著降低污染率至20%；但未污染之培植体，形态发生潜能低至40%以内，可反应生长之培植体芽体形成数也仅达1-1.2个之间，再生芽体之生长也显现抑制现象。

CG strains were isolated from the mango fruits with anthracnose symptoms in different locations on Guangdong and Hainan Province, China. The pathogenicity and sporulation capability of these isolates were compared, and the isolate LCG5 from CATAS, Danzhou City, Hainan Province, China were Chosen for further use in this study for its high virulence on mango fruits and also good sporulation capability.

分别从海口、湛江、两院三地采集到CG菌株进行纯化培养，通过芒果接种实验，对发病率、发病指数及菌株的产孢能力三项测试，最终确定选用接种发病率为100％，病情指数为71.1，菌株产孢能力达1.2×10~6个／ml的两院第5号菌株(缩写为LCG5)，其致病力比较强，产孢能力可以保证了转化体系的成功建立，方便对突变体库的致病和产孢相关突变体的筛选。

The genetic study suggested that the carbendazim-resistance in these mutants could be steadily inherited by asexual and selfed reproduction, and the resistance was controlled by the same single major gene both in laboratory mutants and field resistant isolates, the different levels of resistance or the same resistant level in different strains maybe conferred by mutations at different sites or one site with different allelic mutations. The gene compensates for the sensitivity to MDPC was allelic to that governs the carbendazim resistance, but the mutation for increasing sensitivity to MDPC in this gene could get the pathogen highly resistant to carbendazim.

抗药性遗传研究表明，在所研究的抗药突变体中，抗药性在自交和无性繁殖后代中能稳定遗传；室內抗药突变体和田间抗药菌株对多菌灵的抗药性由同一个主效基因控制，但它们发生突变的位点不同或者同一碱基位点发生了不同的突变；对MDPC的敏感性也是由单个基因控制的，该基因与控制多菌灵抗性的基因是等位基因，当该基因发生对MDPC的敏感性增加的突变时会使病菌对多菌灵产生高水平抗性。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。