菌体

The results show that this strain was a typical acidophile with optimal growth pH being 2.0 for hypha and pH 3.0-4.0 for the spore germination. Peptone was the most suitable nitrogen source which helped produce xylanase induced by xylan during stationary phase. The resultant xylanase reacted best at 50℃-55℃ and pH 3.5, and had activities 70% after 60 min maintenance under optimum reaction conditions.

结果表明：实验菌株嗜酸，菌丝生长最适pH为2.0，孢子萌发生长适宜pH为3.0-4.0；木聚糖诱导菌体在生长稳定期大量产生木聚糖酶，蛋白胨是菌体产酶的适宜氮源；菌株所产木聚糖酶属于酸性木聚糖酶，反应最适pH3.5、最适温度50℃-55℃，在最适反应条件下保温60min，残余酶活仍接近70%，适用于较强酸性的高温加工环境。

With results of scanning electron microscope analysis, aloin can directly act on the cell wall of bacteria and damage their outer structure and change their configuration.

利用扫描电镜研究了芦荟苷对菌体的作用，它的作用是直接作用于菌体细胞，破坏菌体形态和结构。

The results show that contents of Peroxidease and Polyphenol Oxidase are reduced and the contents of Superoxide dismutase and ascorbic acid are increased. The results of this research show that chitosan with a given MW has function on antimicroorganism and stay the caducity of plant.

电镜观察进一步证明了壳聚糖可以吸附到菌体的表面，形成一层外套或者破坏菌体的结构，从而达到抑菌的效果。

It was known that pyridine and Triton-x100 had a bad effect on the cell growth and lycopene production were studied. The results indicated that pyridine and triton-x100 inhibited cell growth and lycopene synthesis;β-ionone increased cell growth and lycopene synthesis when the concentration was 0.05 ml/L, but when the concentration became higher, there would be a decrease on the lycopene output; span-20 increased cell growth and lycopene synthesis effectively when the concentration reached 2.0ml/L, and the lycopene yield became 2.4×10~(-2) mg/L which was 3-fold than control.

研究了培养基中加入不同浓度的小分子效应物吡啶、Triton-x100、Span-20、β-紫罗酮、异烟肼对番茄红素产量的提高作用，结果显示培养基中加入很低浓度的吡啶(0.1ml／L)就会对菌体产生很强的毒害作用；triton-x100对类胡萝卜素的合成也有很强的抑制作用，试验的浓度为0.2ml／L到5ml／L，结果发现它对菌体的生长和番茄红素的合成都有抑制作用；β-紫罗酮在浓度为0.05ml／L时有很小的促进作用，而浓度升高就有了比较强的抑制效果；span-20在液体培养基中的加量为2.0ml／L时，对番茄红素的合成有很强的促进效果，产量达到了2.4×10~(-2)mg／L，比原始菌株产量提高了2倍，而浓度进一步增大就产生了很强的抑制效果。

Isolates CNR-1 and CNR-2 were from Brassica napus; CNA-1and CRW-1 from Rhododendron simsii and Oxalis corymbosa respectively. All isolates grew well in R-2 liquid medium and exhibited contractive movements. The colonies of all isolates were circinal and grain-like in solid medium. Through electron microscopy, all isolates exhibited helicity during their growth phase. All isolates could pass through a 0.22 μm filtrate membrane and resist to penicillin (2000 U/mL). They must grow in medium with serum.

这4株螺原体在R-2液体培养基中生长良好，都能通过孔径为0.22 mm的微孔滤膜；在R-2固体培养基上呈圆形或颗粒状菌落，菌落直径约50~600 mm；在生长的某个阶段可呈典型的螺旋状，菌体直径为37.04~370.40 nm，长度约0.89~11.88 mm；它们都能利用葡萄糖作为碳源，不能利用尿素；在不含胎牛血清的R-2培养基中，它们都不能生长；菌株CNR-1、CNA-1能强烈代谢精氨酸，而CNR-2和CRW-1不能代谢精氨酸；在氨苄青霉素钠浓度高达2000 U/mL的R-2培养基中，分离菌株生长良好。

In flask shaking culture, the output of CDEP-1 increased in parallel with the accumulation of biomass during the logarithmic growth phase and reached the peak value in stationary growth phase, then fleetly decreased in decay period.

摇瓶发酵结果表明，在对数生长期，随着菌体生物量的增加，CDEP-1产量上升，二者呈一定的平行关系；当菌体生长到稳定期，CDEP-1产量继续上升，并达到产酶高峰；此后，随着菌体生长的衰退，CDEP-1产量出现快速下降趋势。

In order to increase the density of cell and give more guides to optimization of batch fermentation, a Study on the characteristics of Alcaligenes faecalis should be carried out.

为了提高菌体阶段菌体的生长密度、对分批发酵有一些优化指导作用，对菌体本身特性进行了研究。

It was demonstrated that BDF-H16 was an gram-negative bacterium and had a bacilliform or arc bacilliform shape with a flagellum at one end.

结果表明：蛭弧菌BDF-H16为革兰氏阴性菌，杆形或弧杆形，端生一根鞭毛，菌体大小多为0.2μm～0.5μm×0.8μm～1.2μm；蛭弧菌BDF-H16对实验所选用的革兰氏阴性菌和部分革兰氏阳性菌均有裂解作用；以大肠杆菌为宿主菌，其最佳生长条件为宿主菌浓度6.75×10~9cfu/mL、pH7.0～7.5、温度28℃；在NaCl含量0.85%～5.00%的培养基中能够生长；恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星对其有抑制作用。

It was demonstrated that BDF-H16 was an gram-negative bacterium and had a bacilliform or arc bacilliform shape with a flagellum at one end.Its size was mostly 0.2μm～0.5μm×0.8μm～1.2μm.It had a wide prey area and could lyse all tested gram-negative bacteria and some gram-positive bacteria. The best lysis conditions to Escherichia coli were 6.75×109cfu/mL of prey bacteria concentration、pH7.0~7.5、28℃. It could grow in the solid culture added 0.85%~5.00% NaCl and was inhibited by enrofloxacin and norfloxacin.

结果表明：蛭弧菌BDF-H16为革兰氏阴性菌，杆形或弧杆形，端生一根鞭毛，菌体大小多为0.2μm～0.5μm×0.8μm～1.2μm；蛭弧菌BDF-H16对实验所选用的革兰氏阴性菌和部分革兰氏阳性菌均有裂解作用；以大肠杆菌为宿主菌，其最佳生长条件为宿主菌浓度6.75×109cfu/mL、pH7.0～7.5、温度28℃；在NaCl含量0.85%～5.00%的培养基中能够生长；恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星对其有抑制作用。

The cytoderm of the thalli contained glycerol diether derivatives with halophilous archaea characters. The shape of the thalli was spherical and the colony was orange red, which was identified as halophilous archaea, Halorubrum genus based on the physiological and biochemical identification and l6S rDNA gene sequence homologous analysis.

结果］SYM菌株能在饱和NaCl浓度下生长，菌体细胞壁含有嗜盐古细菌特征性的甘油二醚衍生物，菌体形态为球状，菌落显橙红，经生理生化和16 SrD-NA基因序列同源性分析鉴定为嗜盐古细菌嗜盐深红菌属。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。