菌体

ADVANCES OF STUDIES ON BACTEROID REPRODUCTION OF R trifolii Rhizobium leguminosarum , AND FAST GROWING SOYBEAN RHIZOBIUM

三叶草，豌豆和快生型大豆根瘤菌类菌体繁殖研究的进展

During the establishment process of symbiotic relation of alfalfa rhizobium with host plant, alfalfa rhizobium entered into host plant cell as self-growing state, and then transferred into bacteroid of symbiotic state through its differentiation development.

苜蓿根瘤菌在与宿主植物建立共生关系的过程中，以自生状态进入宿主植物细胞，经过分化发育转变为共生状态的类菌体。

Supplied with different forms of carbon compounds to the bacteroid suspension as respiratory substrates investigated in Warburg respirometer , it showed that sucrose was nonutilizable and its hydrolysates , glucose and fructose were util .

试验以多种碳源供类菌体作呼吸基质，果表明蔗糖不能被利用，水解成葡葡糖和果糖后的利用率低。

To better understand the roles of LsrA protein in nodulation, a series of analyses of nodules using scanning electron microscopy, genetic and biochemical approaches have been carried out. Our analyses suggest that the lsrA1 nodules contain bacteroids in the invasion and establishing zone only. The lsrA gene expression is active early in the invasion zone and activated later than bacA genes. The lost of LsrA protein dramatically reduced the expression of nifA and fixK, and completely blocked the expression of the nifH gene for nitrogenase. LsrA protein functions early in the bacteroid development and it is essential for the development nitrogen fixing bacteroids.

前期的工作中，苜蓿中华根瘤菌Rm1021中90个候选LysR基因已经被定向插入突变，并筛选在自生生长时期、共生生长时期的表型，以期寻找更多在自生状态或共生固氮中有功能的LysR转录因子。1 针对前期鉴定出的共生固氮必需的lsrA基因，我们应用了一系列扫描电子显微镜技术、生物化学、分子遗传学等方法，发现lsrA基因主要在根瘤侵染区开始表达，表达时序也在侵染阶段左右，但晚于bacA基因表达；LsrA蛋白缺失后根瘤固氮区中缺乏具有固氮能力的类菌体，nifA和fixK基因的转录水平降低，nifH基因的转录被完全阻断，因此LsrA蛋白为根瘤发育所必需，是新的根瘤发育信号传导途径成员。2 通过表型筛选我们鉴定了苜蓿中华根瘤菌的oxyR基因，并研究了它的调节特性。oxyR突变后，苜蓿中华根瘤菌对过氧化氢敏感性提高，适应性降低。

In comparison,the rhizobia in mature infected cells were larger,greater in number,varied in shape,and distributed throughout the nodule cells.The rhizobia in the mature cells also had poly-hydroxy butanoic acid and curapos.

成熟侵染细胞中，根瘤菌个体较大，数量较多，多呈棒状，少数为球形或椭球形，有很多根瘤菌还呈现明显的"T"形、"Y"形或"V"形，菌体占满了整个细胞，这时的根瘤菌大多数含有聚羟基丁酸和聚磷酸盐颗粒。

In a 5-liter scale batch bioreactor,the fermentation kinetics of carotinoid production with Rhodotrula was studied.

在5L发酵罐中，对酵母发酵生产类胡萝卜素的动力学特性进行了研究，得到了菌体生长、基质消耗和产物合成动力学模型。

And the best concentration of cellobiose was 10g/L. According to the reported gene sequence of Halomonas sp.

因此确立了纤维二糖作为碳源，用其培养菌体的较佳浓度为10g/L。

One hundred and eighty 14-days-old chickens were divided randomly into coccidia primary infection group (I1),coccidia secondary infection group (I2),and control group.Immune indexes were examined by using immune staphytococcal protein A rosette test,indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,cellular culture technique and MTT method.

将180只14日龄雏鸡随机分为毒害艾美球虫初次感染组、二次感染组和对照组，应用免疫SPA菌体花环、间接ELISA及细胞培养技术和四甲基偶氮唑盐测定法对相关免疫学指标进行了检测，以研究毒害艾美球虫二次感染对雏鸡外周血液免疫功能变化的影响。

Using the obtained antiserum as the first antibody, and the monoclonal antibody 4C11 as the collator, the specificity of the antiserum was tested by Western blotting and indirect-ELISA with the Yak recombinant mature PrP, GST fusion protein, the extract of brain and the bacterium protein.

以自制抗血清为一抗，单抗4C11为对照，对牦牛重组成熟朊蛋白、GST蛋白、脑组织提取物和菌体蛋白进行Western blotting检测和间接ELISA试验，验证自制抗血清的特异性。

Result The K7-2 colonies were white with smooth surface, dry and compact, presented a flocculent state and trim edge, and grew in radiated shape in medium, the earthy odor could be smelled when the culture dish was opened. K7-2 thalli was in thread shape; with gram-positive, and the conidium hyphae and conidia could be seen in plate insert culture.

结果］K7-2菌落为白色，表面光滑、干燥致密，呈绒布状，边缘整齐，在培养基中呈辐射状生长，揭开培养皿可闻到土腥味。K7-2菌体为丝状，革兰氏染色阳性，插片培养可见分生孢子丝和分生孢子。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。