获得

There are two types of maturation according to our observation.One is nucleocapsids obtained its tegument in the nucleus and enveloped from the inner nuclear membrane.Another is nucleocapsids entered cytoplasm through nuclear membrane,then obtained their tegument in the cytoplasm,enveloped from the plasma membrane,finally released by necrosis,exocytosis or other ways.

病毒成熟有两种方式：一为细胞核内核衣壳在核内获得皮层，通过核内膜获得囊膜成为成熟病毒；二为核内核衣壳通过内外核膜进入胞浆，核内和胞浆内的核衣壳在细胞浆中获得皮层，然后在各种质膜上获得囊膜，最后成熟病毒通过细胞破裂或其他方式释放到细胞外。

After the unrated player chooses a rated player on the ladder and arranges with him/her an Initial Rating Match: a if the unrated player wins 3-0, he/she will receive the rating of the rated player plus 50 points; if wins 3-1 plus 25; if wins 3-2 plus 10; c if the unrated player loses 2-3 he/she will receive a rating 50 points lower then the rated player but not below the rating of the lowest player on the ladder; if 1-3 he/she will receive a rating 100 points lower then the rated player but not below the rating of the lowest player in the ladder; if 0-3 he/she will receive a rating 200 points lower then the rated player but not below the rating of the lowest player in the ladder.

在未积分参赛者从已积分参赛者中选出一人并安排与其进行一场初始排名赛后：（1）如果未积分参赛者以3比0获胜，其将获得对手积分加50分；若以3比1获胜，则获对手积分加25分；若以3比2获胜，则获对手积分加10分；（2）若未积分参赛者以2比3落败，其将获得对手积分减50分，但不低于进阶赛最低参赛者的积分；若以1比3落败，其将获得对手积分减100分，但不低于进阶赛最低参赛者的积分；若以0比3落败，其将获得对手积分减200分，但不低于进阶赛最低参赛者的积分； 27、初始积分赛的结果对于被挑战的已积分参赛者的积分不产生影响。

The advantageous aspects are: maximum aerodynamic penetration due to the driver's prone position; maximum exploitation of muscular output due to the antigravitational rotation of thighs; better venous and lymphatic circulation thanks to lower abdominal pressure; better cardio-respiratory function, due to easier venous circulation; maximum protection of the spine by supporting the rachis; minimum perineum shock thanks to the saddle supporting the gluteus; maximum stability of the vehicle thanks to ground-hub pedal block-system; reduced weight of the rotating parts thanks to the compactness of the mechanism of transmission.

这种自行车的优越之处在于：由于骑车者的俯伏位置而得到的最佳空气动力学性能；由于大腿的反重力旋转而获得的对肌肉的最佳利用；由于较低的腹部压力而获得的更佳的静脉和淋巴循环效果；由于更加便利的静脉循环而带来的更佳的心血管循环系统；由于对脊椎的支撑而带来的对脊柱的最佳保护效果；由于座鞍对臀部的支撑而获得的对会阴的最小冲击；由于地面-轮毂踏板系统（ground-hub pedal-block-system）而获得的车体的最大的稳定性；由于传动系统的紧凑性而减小了车身重量。

The main steps include as follows: CO2 is led into the mother liquor of sodium meta-aluminate to carry out carbon content decomposing; the primary separation between the aluminum and the gallium is realized by primary carbonatation to filter out sodium hydroxide; secondary carbonatation is carried out on the filtrate to obtain the deposit of the complex salt of gallium and aluminum; a sodium carbonate crystal is obtained after the filtered filtrate is condensed and vaporized; the deposit of the complex salt of gallium and aluminum is dissolved in the mother liquor of sodium meta-aluminate; the processes are repeated until the proportion of gallium and aluminum in the complex salt of gallium and aluminum is larger than 1/340; then the complex salt of gallium and aluminum is added into the NaOH liquor and electrolyzed, thus obtaining the metal gallium with a purity larger than 99.9 percent which reaches the level of 3; simultaneously, the byproducts of the aluminum hydroxide and the sodium carbonate during the process of carbonatation by steps are obtained.

主要步骤包括：向铝酸钠母液中通入CO 2 进行碳分分解，一次碳酸化实现铝镓的初次分离；过滤出氢氧化钠，滤液进行二次碳酸化获得镓铝复盐沉淀，过滤后滤液经浓缩蒸发获得碳酸钠晶体，铝镓复盐沉淀溶解在偏铝酸钠母液中，重复上述过程直至铝镓复盐中的镓铝比例大于1/340，将其加入到NaOH溶液中，电解可获得纯度＞99.9％的金属镓，达到3N级水平同时在分步碳酸化的过程中获得氢氧化铝和碳酸钠副产品。

The process comprises the subsequent steps a through e: a reacting phthalic anhydride with fluorobenzene or a derivative thereof in appropriate reaction conditions; b over reducing the product obtained in step a at the ketone moiety; c reducing the product obtained in step b with sodium dihydro-bis (2- 15 methoxyethoxy) aluminate to the corresponding alcohol ; d chlorinat ing the alcohol obtained in step c ; e inserting CO into the product obtained in step d through an appropriate Pd-containing catalytic system.

该方法包括以下步骤a～e：a使邻苯二甲酸酐与氟苯或者其衍生物在适当的反应条件中反应；b完全还原步骤a中获得的产品的酮部分；c用二氢-二(2-甲氧基乙氧基)铝酸钠将步骤b中获得的产品还原成相应的醇；d对步骤c中获得的醇进行氯化；e通过适当的含Pd的催化剂体系，将CO插入到步骤d中获得的产品中。

In the research, one kind of guzmania species named ostara was employed to be as material, and the full-length cDNA plasmid library of floral organ was constructed successfully by using SMART technology. The library had 3×10^6 original titer and more than 1 kb insert fragments. After 5'EST sequencing from 2004 positive clone chosen at random and clustering analyse, 1 758 high-quality sequences and 1 365 unigenes including 175 contigs and 1 195 singlets were obtained. These unigenes had 1 283 valid ORFs. COG analysis showed that those proteins coded by EST sequences were divided into 22 classes. Through blast analysis, full length or part cDNA of some genes controlling flower color, development of floral organs, florescence regulation and other breeding value genes were obtained.

本研究以擎天凤梨属品种Ostara为材料，采用SMART技术成功构建了擎天凤梨花器官的质粒型全长cDNA文库，初始文库滴度为3×10^6，插入片段平均长度大于1kb；随机挑取2004个阳性克隆进行5'EST测序，获得高质量序列1758条，经拼接获得1365条单基因簇，其中跨叠群175个和单条序列1195个；经ORF寻找共获得有效ORF1283条；经COG分析EST序列编码的蛋白质被分为22类；经Blast分析后，获得一批花色、花器官发育、花期调控以及其它育种价值基因（包括cDNA全长或片段）。

Methods Sperm recovery procedures were done in infertile men with obstructive azoospermia(n=37) and nonobstructive azoospermia(n=28) by PESA or PTSA.

结果OA组32例在附睾获得精子，5例在睾丸获得精子；NOA组7例在附睾获得精子，11例在睾丸获得精子。

The coarse needle-like or nubby Al9FeNi phase existed in the cast microstructure of high content Fe and Ni alloy 2618(2#). After hot extrusion, it was broken into coarse multi-angle Al9FeNi particles. The contents of Fe and Ni have no effect on aging characteristic and the hardness of the alloy after aging.

含锆的高铁、镍2618合金经熔体高温过热处理后(4#)，在合金铸态组织中获得均匀细小的针片状Al_9FeNi相，热挤压后获得均匀细小的颗粒Al_9FeNi相；弥散Al_3Zr粒子的存在可使2618合金得到细小的再结晶晶粒组织，该合金既可获得较高的高温强度，还可获得较高的延伸率。

In my opinion , financing leasing is the most efficient method , because the enterprises not only acquire part of the floating capital ,but also acquire the equipments which upgrading of industries need . They also can try to finance by the private equity funds, in this way, the enterprises get the capital and managing experience, more important, it enriches the direct financing system. Consummating the hypothecating organization system could offer a strong safeguard for the enterprises when they are financing. We also could establish some professional small and medium sized bank organizations to solve the current commercial banks are not positive to loan to the small and medium sized enterprises , because the small and medium sized enterprises banks' cost are much lower.

在解决策略中，笔者认为，融资租赁既使企业获得部分流动资金，又使企业获得产业升级所需的生产设备，是最有效的融资手段；私募股权基金投资使企业不但获得资金和管理经验，而且丰富了我国的直接融资体系；完善我国担保机机构体系，可以为中小企业顺利获得融资提供保障；针对现有银行机构对中小企业放贷缺乏积极性的现象，成立专门的中小企业金融机构，发挥其成本优势。

Evaluation of the film was very high, access to a number of awards, including the best picture Oscar nomination (Thompson also get the best adapted screenplay award), in the Berlin Film Festival Golden Bear and receive a number of British Academy Award.

该片获得的评价极高，获得了诸多的奖项，包括奥斯卡最佳影片提名(汤普逊还获得最佳剧本改编奖)，在柏林电影节上获得金熊奖及多项英国学院奖。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。