草酸

Under normal temperature.the Ca2+-ATPase activity was found on the innerside of the PM.on the vacuole envelope and the chloroplast envelope,and theenzyme activity declined upon heat stress.The Ca2+-ATPase activity on the vacuoleenvelope,PM.and the chloroplast envelope in both Ca2+-and oxalate-treated peppermesophyll cells was higher than that in the control under the same condition.TheCa2+-ATPase was also found at the granum lamella,and it was activatedsignificantly by exogenous Ca2+ and oxalate treatments.Under heat stress.the Ca2+-ATPase activity declined slowly in both Ca2+- and oxalate-treated mesophyll cells.But La3+ treatment inhibited the enzyme activity under both normal condition andheat stress.

常温下生长的叶肉细胞，在质膜、液泡膜、叶绿体被膜等处有Ca2+-ATPase活性，热胁迫后酶活性下降；外源Ca2+和草酸预处理对辣椒叶肉细胞各种膜上Ca2+-ATPase活性具有促进作用，特别是定位于液泡膜、质膜和叶绿体被膜上的酶活性明显比对照提高；在叶绿体基粒和基质片层上也有酶活性，并且Ca2+和草酸预处理对该部位上的酶活性激活作用更明显；La3+处理的作用与Ca2+和草酸处理的效果相反。

Methods Star anise were extracted from Illicium verum Hook.f. using ethanol and ethyl acetate as solvents. After macron absorption resin layer separation, a kind of white fine powder shikimic acid were obtained. The extracted shikimic acid were determined for chemical qualitative analysis.

采用乙醇提取、乙酸乙酯等有机溶剂萃取八角茴香，经大孔吸附树脂柱分离，得到白色精细粉末的莽草酸，并对莽草酸进行化学定性分析，镇痛实验采用扭体法和温浴法，观察腹腔注射莽草酸溶液后小鼠痛阈潜伏期和扭体反应的次数，设阿司匹林和生理盐水为对照组。

Methods Star anise were extracted from Illicium verum Hook.f. using ethanol and ethyl acetate as solvents. After macron absorption resin layer separation, a kind of white fine powder shikimic acid were obtained. The extracted shikimic acid were determined for chemical qualitative analysis. Writhing test and warm bathing test were performed and observed the mice pain threshold latency and writhing reaction times after giving peritoneal shikimic acid extraction solutions.

采用乙醇提取、乙酸乙酯等有机溶剂萃取八角茴香，经大孔吸附树脂柱分离，得到白色精细粉末的莽草酸，并对莽草酸进行化学定性分析，镇痛实验采用扭体法和温浴法，观察腹腔注射莽草酸溶液后小鼠痛阈潜伏期和扭体反应的次数，设阿司匹林和生理盐水为对照组。

After macron absorption resin layer separation, a kind of white fine powder shikimic acid were obtained. The extracted shikimic acid were determined for chemical qualitative analysis. Writhing test and warm bathing test were performed and observed the mice pain threshold latency and writhing reaction times after giving peritoneal shikimic acid extraction solutions. Aspirin and normal saline were used as controls.

采用乙醇提取、乙酸乙酯等有机溶剂萃取八角茴香，经大孔吸附树脂柱分离，得到白色精细粉末的莽草酸，并对莽草酸进行化学定性分析，镇痛实验采用扭体法和温浴法，观察腹腔注射莽草酸溶液后小鼠痛阈潜伏期和扭体反应的次数，设阿司匹林和生理盐水为对照组。

The Gaoshawo provenience showed a better growth status in plain region by comparing with the Hangjinqi provenience of the seedling physiological characterization and the medicinal composition content of the annual root.

对一年生直播甘草的分析表明，主根长度与甘草苷含量达到显著正相关水平，根重与甘草酸和甘草苷含量均呈一定程度的正相关；甘草苷含量与甘草酸含量呈极显著正相关关系，说明甘草酸和甘草苷的积累速度具有协同性。

Vegetable of the mustard family, better like the mouthfeel after the scald such as orchid, cauliflower passes on the west, they contain rich cellulose to be digested more easily also; Spinach, bamboo shoot, wild rice stem contain the vegetable with more oxalic acid best also scald, it is difficult to because oxalic acid is inside alvine path,be become with calcic union synthetic oxalic acid is calcic, disturb the human body absorption to calcium; The mustard such as rutabaga kind vegetable contains glucoside of sulfur acting grape, shui Chao, hydrolysis have a youthful look becomes volatile mustard oil, taste is better, and can promote digest absorb; Dust of can complete purify mixes the potherb scald such as purslane small bug, still can prevent allergy.

十字花科蔬菜，如西兰花。菜花等焯过后口感更好，它们含有丰富的纤维素也更轻易消化；菠菜。竹笋。茭白等含草酸较多的蔬菜也最好焯一下，因为草酸在肠道内与钙结合成难吸收的草酸钙，干扰人体对钙的吸收；大头菜等芥菜类的蔬菜含有硫代葡萄糖甙，水焯一下，水解后生成挥发性芥子油，味道更好，且能促进消化吸收；马齿苋等野菜焯一下能彻底去除尘土和小虫，还能防止过敏。

The product of high-purity strontium oxide can be acquired after stoving and burning the precipitate of high-purity strontium oxalate,which is formed by means of adding high-purity oxalic acid under the condition of appropriate pH range.

以分析纯硝酸锶为原料，采用硝酸锶分次重结晶同时加入适量的硫酸除去钡及其它杂质，加入适量草酸除去钙杂质，然后选择合适的pH值加入高纯草酸制得高纯草酸锶沉淀，经烘干灼烧后得到高纯氧化锶产品。

The optimum process was as follows : solvent is 0.3% ammonia solution , ratio of solvent to solid ratio is 10:1 , vacuum-cavitated time is 15 minutes , GA extraction yeild is 2.0%, the crude extract is 30.3%, and in which the content of GA is 6.6%.

采用负压空化方法对超临界萃取后固形物中甘草酸的提取工艺进行了研究，并研究了甘草酸纯化的工艺，通过影响因素试验和正交试验得出最佳工艺条件为：0.3%的稀氨水为溶剂，液固比为10：1，负压空化提取15min，甘草酸提取率为2.0%，含量6.6%。

Efficacious drugs were made of these species for treatment of cough, phlegm, breathe heavily, especially, to cure lung disease. We have investigated on the Chemical constituents of Adenophora stenanthina subspecies xifengsis collected from Gansu Qingyang, and twenty four compounds were isolated from ethanol extraction by chromatography technigues. Twenty compounds were identified by means of chemical and spectra methods（IR, FAB-MS, EI-MS,〓,〓, DEPT , among which three compounds were new as 3βvanilloyloxy-stigmast-5-ene-7β-one; 3β-Vanilloyloxy-stigmast-5-en-7 β-ol; 3β-vanilloyloxy-stigmast-5-en-7β, 15 〓-diol.

我们对采自甘肃庆阳的西峰沙参Adenophorastenanthina subsp.xifengensis）进行了化学成分的研究，利用现代层析手段从该植物的乙醇浸膏中分离出二十四个化合物，经化学方法和波谱技术（红外，质谱，核磁共振谱）鉴定了二十个化合物的结构，其中三个为新的化合物，它们分别是：豆甾-5-烯-7-酮-3β-香草酸酯；7β-羟基-豆甾-5-烯-3β-香草酸酯；7β，15ξ-二羟基-豆甾-5-烯-3β-香草酸酯。

Conclu sion: The ethyl acetate elution of ethyl acetate fraction extract of Alisma orientalis can significantly inhibit urinary calcium oxalate stone formation in rats and be the most effective constituent of Alisma orientalis .

泽泻醋酸乙酯浸膏的醋酸乙酯洗脱液能抑制实验性高草酸尿症大白鼠体内肾草酸钙晶体的形成，是泽泻抑制尿草酸钙结石形成的有效部位。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。