苦的

Objective: To establish the determination method of amygdalin in bitter almond by HPLC.

目的：建立苦杏仁中苦杏仁苷的HPLC测定方法；方法：通过单因素考察确定样品处理方法，建立 HPLC 测定方法并进行方法学考察，与药典法进行比较试验；结果：用HPLC法测定苦杏仁中苦杏仁苷含量高于药典的滴定法，方法学考察各项指标均符合要求；结论：用HPLC法测定苦杏仁中苦杏仁苷含量灵敏度高、重复性好，样品处理方法简便，可代替滴定法。

The results indicated that the content of amygdalin, crude fat content, acid value , peroxide value and carbonyl value changed significantly.

对高温条件下苦杏仁品质稳定性进行了研究，结果表明：高温环境下苦杏仁中的苦杏仁甙含量、脂肪含量、酸价、过氧化值和羰基值发生明显变化，影响了苦杏仁品质。

Bitter almond contains amygdalin and almond oil, amygdalin can be decomposed to benzaldehyde under acidic condition, benzaldehyde is one of the most widely used flavor in fragrance industry. Almond oil contains high contents of unsaturated fatty acids and VE, it is an advanced edible oil, also can be used in cosmetics materials.

苦杏仁含有2-4%的苦杏仁甙，苦杏仁甙在酶或酸的作用下水解后产生具有强烈的杏仁香气的苯甲醛—即苦杏仁精油的主要成分；另外，苦杏仁含有约50%左右的脂肪油，苦杏仁脂肪油含有大量不饱和脂肪酸以及VE，可直接作为高级食用油或高级化妆品的原料。

This article through the comprehensive research of extraction method and technique of Almond oil and bitter almond oil, provide theoretical basis and technological information for the processing and utilization of bitter almond. On the other hand, the best habitat of bitter almond is selected with the oil contents and fatty acid constituents and VE of almond oil, also with oil and the benzaldehyde content of bitter almond oil.

本研究通过对苦杏仁脂肪油、精油提取工艺以及提取方法的综合研究，确定苦杏仁脂肪油及精油提取的最佳工艺，为苦杏仁加工的全面性、合理性提供理论依据和技术资料，另外还通过对黄土高原不同产地苦杏仁的脂肪油以及精油含量、成分等指标的研究，优选出了苦杏仁的最佳产地，为建立苦杏仁的规模化生产基地奠定了基础。

Important advance was made to Celastrus and ceangulin V after 20 years studies, but the target of Celangulin V was not verified and the metabolic dynamic of Celangulin V in organism was not touched because of the technique difficulty in testing and analysis of trace Celangulin V in organism. It will solve the difficulty that establishing the immunoassay of Celangulin V. The immunoassay of Celangulin V including the synthesis of artificial antigen, the preparation of antiserum, the immunoanalysis location of Celangulin V and the quantitative immunoassay of Celangulin V were studied systematicly in this paper.

苦皮藤素V是从卫矛科植物苦皮藤中分离出的一种具有杀虫活性的天然产物，可能作用于一类新的作用靶标。20多年对苦皮藤及苦皮藤素V的研究已取得了重要进展，但迄今还没有证实苦皮藤素V的作用靶标，对苦皮藤素V在生物体内的药代动力学研究也尚未涉及，这些方面的研究因为对痕量苦皮藤素V在生物体内分析、检测存在技术方法上的困难而受到限制，建立苦皮藤素V的免疫分析技术则可解决这些问题。

Important advance was made to Celastrus and ceangulin V after 20 years studies, but the target of Celangulin V was not verified and the metabolic dynamic of Celangulin V in organism was not touched because of the technique difficulty in testing and analysis of trace Celangulin V in organism. It will solve the difficulty that establishing the immunoassay of Celangulin V. The immunoassay of Celangulin V including the synthesis of artificial antigen, the preparation of antiserum, the immunoanalysis location of Celangulin V and the quantitative immunoassay of C'elangulin V were studied systematicly in this paper.

苦皮藤素Ⅴ是从卫矛科植物苦皮藤中分离出的一种具有杀虫活性的天然产物，可能作用于一类新的作用靶标。20多年对苦皮藤及苦皮藤素Ⅴ的研究已取得了重要进展，但迄今还没有证实苦皮藤素Ⅴ的作用靶标，对苦皮藤素Ⅴ在生物体内的药代动力学研究也尚未涉及，这些方面的研究因为对痕量苦皮藤素Ⅴ在生物体内分析、检测存在技术方法上的困难而受到限制，建立苦皮藤素Ⅴ的免疫分析技术则可解决这些问题。

Grind fragrant gynocardia, chinese dwarf cherry, almond or peach kernel, extract with supercritical carbon dioxide to remove polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich oil and get functional oil byproducts.

将马蛋果、欧李、杏仁或桃仁粉碎，通过超临界二氧化碳萃取脱除富含多不饱和脂肪酸的油脂，副产功能油脂，萃余物通过食用乙醇萃取得到苦杏仁苷粗品，粗品重结晶得到高纯度苦杏仁苷，苦杏仁苷可以进一步通过苦杏仁酶水解得到苯甲醛。

Dukkha-Sacca: In each position we see suffering. This is dukkha vedana and sankhara dukkha, which leads to dukkha sacca.

苦谛：我们可以从每一个姿势见到苦，而所见的苦是苦苦与行苦，这两种苦可以让我们体证苦谛。

The invention relates to a method for producing duck wheat case pillow, wherein it is formed by duck wheat case, honeysuckle, and sweet wormwood; the mass ration between duck wheat case and Chinese traditional drugs is 10:1-3; the mass ratio between honeysuckle and sweet wormwood is 1:1; the duck wheat case is immerged in water for 2-3h; the honeysuckle and sweet wormwood are put in wood pot to be steamed for 11-12h; using microwave to dry matter to make water content lower than 8%; disinfecting.

本发明中一种苦荞壳药枕及其制备方法。由苦荞壳和中药材金银花、青蒿组成，苦荞壳与中药材重量比为10∶1～3，金银花与青蒿的重量比为1∶1。苦荞壳用水浸泡2-3小时，加入金银花与青蒿置于木甄薰蒸11-12小时，微波干燥含水量小于8％，杀菌即得。本发明的苦荞壳药枕对于失眠者和高血压、颈椎病、头痛、头昏等患者具有保健和辅助治疗作用。

The results showed that five bands including POD-1, POD-2, POD-3, POD-4 and POD-5 were detected in the gel of POD as well as EST-1, EST-2, EST-3, EST4 and EST-5 for EST. POD-3 and POD-4 were common in all the tissues, but most intensive in F. tartaricum. POD-2 was only discovered in the leaves of F. cymosum and caudex of F. cymosum 1. Although there was some difference between the location, POD-2 appeared in the caudexes of three buckwheat and root of F. tartaricum. POD-5 was detected in all leaves and caudx of F.

结果显示，POD和EST都检测到5条谱带，包括POD-1，POD-2，POD-3，POD-4及POD-5，其中POD-3及POD-4在所有组织中都存在，但在苦荞麦1号中的带最强；POD-1只在金荞麦叶片及金荞麦1号茎中出现；POD-2在茎组织及苦荞麦1号根中存在，但在金荞麦及苦荞麦中的位置不同；POD-5存在于叶片及苦荞麦1号茎中，在苦荞麦的带较强。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。