苞

Inflorescences often double scorpioid cymes, rarely solitary; bracts present or absent.

花序通常为双蝎尾状聚伞花序，很少单生；苞片宿存或无。

Flowers in cymes, these often grouped into thyrses; cymes sometimes umbel-like, scorpioid or reduced to a single flower; bracts usually small.

聚伞花序，通常组成聚伞圆锥花序；聚伞花序有时伞形，蝎尾状或者仅有单花；苞片通常小。

Inflorescences terminal, scorpioid, cymose panicles, usually pedunculate; bract small, caducous.

花序顶生，蝎尾状，聚伞状圆锥花序，通常有花序梗；苞片小，早落。

Cymes axillary, branched,± scorpioid, ebracteate.

聚伞花序腋生，有分枝，近蝎尾状，无苞片。

Agricultural college, SCUTA, Danzhou, Hainan, 571737

杨苞梅，林电，翟立芳，吴多能

Leaves in a rosette or opposite, often upper leaves alternate; petiole winged. Racemes secund; bracts small.

叶在一莲座丛或对生，通常上部叶片互生；叶柄具翅总状花序偏向；苞片小。

Bracts not saccate; nutlet naked or seminaked; male inflorescence enclosed by buds during winter

苞片不囊状；裸体的小坚果或者seminaked；在冬天的雄花序藏于芽 3 Carpinus 鹅耳枥属

Corolla glandular pubescent outside, adaxial lip 2-5 mm, lobes semiorbicular, 1-4 mm; stamens 0.8-1.5 cm; bracts glabrous inside; calyx segments veins indistinct.

花冠腺状短柔毛在外面，正面唇毫米，裂片半圆形，毫米；雄蕊0.8-1.5厘米；无毛的苞片在里面；花萼裂片脉不清楚。

Leaf blade adaxially densely sericeous and pubescent or white puberulent; peduncle 7-20 cm; bracts villous.

叶片正面密被绢毛和短柔毛或白色被微柔毛；花序梗7-20厘米；苞片具长柔毛。

Bracteoles 2, broadly ovate, ca. 1.3 cm, abaxially midvein strigose and sericeous, adaxially glabrous, margin ciliate.

小苞片2，宽卵形，大约1.3厘米，背面中脉具糙伏毛和被绢毛，正面无毛，边缘具缘毛。

The objective is to subjugate and discourage the people, because that allows the elite to continue to rule unopposed.

其目的是压制和打击人民的积极性，因为这可以让实权派继续统治不会沦为反对派。

GOD,this is the second time you vanquished me!

天啊，这是第二次你打败了我！