芳香

The microwave assisted synthesis of aromatic esters has advantages such as less time, efficiency and safety while the traditional process has the disadvantages such as long rection time, low yield, serious pollution and difficult separation.

传统加热条件下合成芳香酯具有反应时间长、产率低、污染大及后处理困难等缺点。微波辅助合成芳香酯具有反应快速、高效及安全等优点。

Additionally, 75 volatile chemical constituents have been identified from the petroleum ether extracted part by capillary GC-MS, and the relative percentages of them are determined by GC method. The result showed that the volatile constituents of Musella lasiocarpa mainly includes advanced alkane, aliphatic acid and ester, aldehyde, ketone, aromatic and its heterocyclic compounds. With the compounds that have been isolated and identified from Musella lasiocarpa, the biogenensis pathway of new compound MT-3 is approached. Furthermore, the bacteriostasis of the 6 compounds to Escherichia coil, Pseudomonas aerusinosa, Bacillus megaterium, Sarcina lutea and Bacillus subtilic are determined by flat dilution method.

此外，从其石油醚萃取部分用毛细管色谱法分析鉴定出75种挥发性化学成分，并测定了各组分的相对百分含量，结果表明，地涌金莲挥发性化学成分以高级烷烃、高级脂肪酸酯及醛、酮、芳香和芳香杂环化合物为主；根据从地涌金莲中鉴出和分离得到的化合物，探讨了新结构化合物MT-3的生源代谢途径；采用平板稀释法测定了地涌金莲中六种化学成分对大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌、藤黄八叠球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌作用。

New reactions found in this program include: photoinduced regioselective free radical addition to aromatic imines;photoinduced Dielse-Alder reactions of aromatic imines for synthesis of tetrahydroquinoline derivatives;Photoinduced radical cation mediated selective ring opening reaction of epoxides;Formation of novel macrocyclic crown ethers by photoinduced reaction of diazonaphthaquinones;photoinduced selective desilylation of silyl ethers.

用这种方法成功的发现了下列在有机合成中有意义的新反应：(1)光诱导产生的自由基正离子诱导的自由基对芳香亚胺的区域选择性加成反应；(2)用光诱导的芳香亚胺的Diels-Alder反应合成四氢喹啉衍生物；(3)经光诱导产生的自由基正离子基诱导的环氧化物选择性开环反应；（4）重氮萘酮在环醚中经光诱导反应形成新奇的大环冠醚；（5）硅醚的光诱导选择性脱硅基反应。

Seven species of Phellinidium were reported from China. Phellinidium fragrans from Changbaishan Nature Reserve, northeastern China is newly reported for China and is characterized by its resupinate and perennial basidiocarps with fragrant odour, smallest basidiospores in the genus, and the presence of conidia in the subiculum.

小木层孔菌属的种类在我国共有7种，其中芳香小木层孔菌Phellinidium fragrans为中国首次报道，该种发现于吉林省长白山自然保护区，与同属其它种的区别是子实体多年生、平伏、具有芳香气味，其担孢子在同属的种类中最小，菌肉中具有形状不规则的厚垣孢子。

The running buffer consists of 10 mmol/L tetraborate (pH 10.0) and 10 mmol/L β-CD. The applied voltage was 25 kV and the detection wavelength was 214 nm. The eight aromatic acids were completely separated and determined within 9 min. The linear relations were from 5 μg/mL to 120 μg/mL and their correlation coefficients were between 0.9967 and 0.9992. The method was rapid, simple and effective.

实验优化了分离测定条件，以pH 10.0的含有10 mmol/Lβ-环糊精的硼砂缓冲溶液(10 mmol/L)作为电泳缓冲液，工作电压25 kV，检测波长214 nm， 9 min内实现了8种芳香族羧酸的基线分离，芳香族羧酸在5~120μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系，其相关系数在0.9967到0.9992之间。

This thesis aims at the studies on the synthesis routes of aromatic and unaromatic tricyclic diterpenoids.

本论文工作以芳香型三环二萜和非芳香型三环二萜的合成路线为研究对象，包括五部分：第一章三环二萜类化合物研究综述按照三环二萜的分类。。。

In this paper we study the biodegradation of petroleum wastewater by microorganisms with a new way.For the chain alkyl hydrocarbon in crude oil, strains were isolated by screening and acclimatizing at the existence of diesel oil and kerosene. For the aroma hydrocarbon in crude oil, strains were isolated by screening and acclimatizing at the existence of phenol.

本试验我们针对石油中的链烷烃，分别以柴油和煤油为代表物进行筛选得到以降解链烷烃为主的菌种：针对石油中的芳香烃，以苯酚为代表物进行筛选得到以降解芳香烃为主的菌种：针对石油中的环烷烃，以环己烷为代表物进行筛选得到以降解环己烷为主的菌种。

The aromatics were chlorinated to corresponding chloride with hydrochloric acid as chlorinating agent and trichloroisocyanuric acid as co-catalyst in the presence of sodium nitrite under mild conditions.

研究发现在NaNO_2存在时，氧气能够以HCl为氯化试剂，以三氯异氰脲酸为助催化剂，在温和条件下将芳香化合物氧化氯化生成相应的氯代芳香化合物。

The aromatics were chlorinated to corresponding chloride with hydrochloric acid as chlorinating agent and trichloroisocyanuric acid as co-catalyst in the presence of sodium nitrite under mild conditions.

研究发现在NaNO_2存在时，氧气能够以HCl为氯化试剂，(来源：dc3cdcABC论文网www.abclunwen.com)以三氯异氰脲酸为助催化剂，在温和条件下将芳香化合物氧化氯化生成相应的氯代芳香化合物。

Base on the partition law of aromatic com pounds between oil and water,and the invers e liquid chromatography,some aroma tic compounds in 67samples with know n reservoir produced fluid property a re analyzed,and two geochemical dis criminating diagrams for reservoir produced fluid property are constructed.

利用芳香化合物在油水两相中的分配原理和反相液相色谱对芳香化合物的分离检测技术，测试了67块已知产液性质的储层样品，在此基础上，建立起了两张判别储层产液性质的地球化学图，其对油层、含水油层、含油水层及水层的综合对判率都在83%以上。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。