芳烃

A method to finely separate saturated hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon by high performance liquid chromatography was introduced.

该文介绍了用高压液相色谱对族组分中的饱和烃、单环芳烃、二环芳烃及三环以上芳烃的精细分离方法。

Since Zinke discovered calixarene in 1940s, the synthesis of calixarene was improved continuously and more calixarene derivatives, like ester, ether, ketone derivatives, calixcrowns, chiral calixarenes, heteroatom calixarenes and calix polymers etc., were obtained.

自二十世纪四十年代Zinke等发现杯芳烃以来，越来越多的杯芳烃衍生物如杯芳烃的酯、酮、杯芳冠醚、手性杯芳烃、含杂原子的杯芳烃、生色杯芳烃、杯芳烃聚合物等被合成出来。

For the equilibrium system of chloroaluminate ionic liquids-heptane-aromatics,the aromatics distribution coefficients and the selectivities of ionic liquids for aromatics/heptane were influenced by the structure of ionic liquids,structure of aromatics and temperature.

对于氯铝酸离子液体-正庚烷-芳烃平衡体系，芳烃在离子液体/烃相间的分配系数Daro和离子液体对芳烃/正庚烷的选择性Saro/hep随离子液体的结构、芳烃结构和温度等因素的变化而有所区别。

The influence of environmental variables on distribution of PAHs(1) The concentrations of PAHs were higher in warm temperate zone and subtropical zonethan in low temperature zone;(2) The concentration in plain, hilly land and Ya\'an mountainousregion were higher than in other places;(3) The concentration in paddy fields, dry land andforests were higher than in artificial land and grass;(4) There was positive correlation betweenthe concentration of PAHs and TOC. The correlation was more obvious for 4-rings PAHs thanfor 5-, 6-rings PAHs;(5) The concentration of PAHs in acid soils was higher than in alkali andneutral soils;(6) The concentrations in conifer and spinney forest were higher than inbroad-leaved forest.Part two: The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of POPs at Basin-MountainTransect.

环境因素对多环芳烃分布的影响(1)温带和亚热带地区土壤多环芳烃含量高于低温地区土壤中多环芳烃含量；(2)在平原、匠陵和雅安市附近的山区多环芳烃含量高于其他地区含量：(3)水田、旱地和林地多环芳烃含量高于建筑用地和草地中含量；(4)多环芳烃含量和土壤总有机碳含量成正比，四环多环芳烃与总有机碳的相关性高于其他多环芳烃的相关性；(5)酸性土壤中多环芳烃含量高于碱性和中性土壤中含量；(6)针叶林和灌木林多环芳烃含量高于阔叶林中的含量。

Priority PAHs recommended by USEPA were all detected, and the mass concentrations of individual PAHs was between 1.49 and 87.43ngg^(-1), The PAHs with low molecular weight, such as Nap, Flu, Ace were observed in relatively low mass concentrations. The PAHs with high molecular weight, such as Chrysene, Indeno [1, 2, 3-cd] pyrene, Benzo perylene were relatively abundant and the mass congcentration of BghiP was the highest. The total mass congcentration of 16 PAHs exceeded standard of Holand from 10 to 40 times, and in middle pollution level comparatively with other districts.

美国环保总署推荐优先控制的16种多环芳烃均被检出，多环芳烃单体的质量浓度在1.49~87.43ngg^(-1)扩之间；其中萘、药、苊等低分子量芳烃的质量浓度相对较低；窟、茚并[1， 2， 3-cd]苝、苯并苝等高分子量芳烃的质量浓度相对较高，苯并苝的质量浓度最高。16种多环芳烃的质量总浓度超过荷兰政府规定无污染土壤PAHs值的10~40倍；与国内外其他地区相比较，多环芳烃污染处于中等水平。

Accordingly with the ZSM-5 zeolite the turning point happened at the conversion of about 55%,the respective contributions were about 20% and 80%, and dealkylation of about 10% of alkylbenzene present in the feed was helpful to form benzene.

在ZSM-5分子筛催化剂上，从芳烃迁移反应向芳烃生成反应的过渡大约发生在转化率55%附近，芳烃迁移和芳烃生成反应对苯生成的贡献分别约为20%和80%，原料中约10%的烷基苯会发生脱烷基反应生成苯。

With the Y zeolite the turning point from aromatics shift to aromatics generation happened at the conversion of about 30%.The respective contributions to benzene formation from aromatics shift and aromatics generation were about 36% and 64%, and the dealkylation of about 5% of alkylbenzene present in the feed was also helpful to form benzene.

在Y分子筛催化剂上，从芳烃迁移反应向芳烃生成反应的过渡大约发生在转化率30%附近，芳烃迁移和芳烃生成反应对苯生成的贡献分别约为36%和64%，原料中约5%的烷基苯会发生脱烷基反应生成苯。

Data analysis shows that the total amount of PAHs in the sediments of north Taihu Lake is obviously higher than that at the central and south Taihu Lake, and that there is a little difference between the contents of PAHs of high molecular weight and low molecular weight, while the ratio of PAHs varies in different sections of the lake. Through the statistical analysis of the ratio of fluoranthene to pyrene, it is concluded that PAHs mainly come from oil burning with part of them from coal and wood burning.

分析结果表明，太湖北部的多环芳烃总量明显高于中部和南部，低分子量多环芳烃与高分子量多环芳烃的含量差别不大，但在地域上比例有所变化；根据荧蒽/芘的比值统计，多环芳烃主要来源于石油燃烧，部分为煤和木材的燃烧形成。

The experimental results show that the distributions of content and toxicity equivalent quantity of PAHs in raw coal are similar to coal gasification but this compositions and contents are different. The rise of coal rank leads to the decrease of the content and TEQ of PAHs in raw coal and the increase of TEQ during coal gasification, while the content of PAHs emission from coal gasification increases first and then decreases with the increase of coal rank. The total PAHs contents generated in coal gasification of some sorts of coals are higher than in raw coal. The types of PAHs formed in coal gasification include undecomposed PAHs in raw coal, pyrosysthensis PAHs, and radical polymerization PAHs at high temperature.

试验结果表明：煤气化前后多环芳烃质量分数和毒性当量质量分数的分布特徵相似，但多环芳烃的组成和质量分数不同；煤化程度增加，原煤多环芳烃质量分数和毒性当量质量分数减小，煤气化多环芳烃质量分数先增后减，毒性当量质量分数与煤化程度呈线性关系；部分煤种气化多环芳烃的质量分数高於原煤多环芳烃质量分数，且煤气化多环芳烃的种类分为原煤未分解的多环芳烃、热解合成的多环芳烃、自由基高温缩合生成的多环芳烃。

The main aromatic production technologies are reviewed which included catalytic reforming, aromatic extraction, toluene disproportionation and transalkylation process, isomerization of xylenes and separation of PX.

分析了近年来国内外聚酯和对二甲苯的供需状况及未来需求发展趋势；介绍了当前芳烃主要生产技术，包括催化重整、芳烃抽提、甲苯歧化与烷基转移、二甲苯异构化和二甲苯分离等；指出了扩大芳烃原料来源、通过催化剂的改进提高甲苯歧化过程的对二甲苯选择性、提高C9及以上重芳烃处理能力、提高乙苯转化率等将是未来芳烃技术的主要发展方向。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。