花色素

We got the result: Bufo Raddei Strauch Tadpole (1) Bufo Raddei Strauch Tadpole was capable of lens regeneration, which originated from the epithelial cells at iris dorsal margin by dipigmentation.(2) Dipigmentation of Bufo Raddei Strauch by two methods: one was licked up by amoebocyte, the other one was flowed from the pigment cells.(3) In the lens regeneration cells of Bufo Raddei Strauch profiles of the mitochondria became complicated ribosome manifold, and the endoplasmic reticulum was cisternal dilation. During the process of deferentiation of lens fiber the cell nucleolus became little and chromatin shrinked.(4)The crystalline electrophoresis of Bufo Raddei Strauch Tadpole lens regeneration showed that during lens regeneration P-crystalline was expressed earliest then was γ-crystalline and α-crystallin, this result is consistent with newt.

结果表明：花背蟾蜍蝌蚪(1)具有晶状体再生的能力，其晶状体的再生来源于虹膜背缘的上皮细胞；(2)虹膜背缘去色素是转分化的前提，主要有两种方式：一种也是最主要的方式是在晶状体被摘除后虹膜外侧产生巨噬细胞，巨噬细胞吞噬虹膜色素上皮细胞中的色素颗粒；另一种方式是虹膜色素上皮细胞自身释放色素颗粒；(3)电镜观察发现虹膜色素上皮细胞转分化过程中线粒体有明显变化，核糖体增多，粗面内质网增多，晶状体纤维分化过程中细胞核逐渐凝聚；(4)SDS-PAGE电泳发现，花背蟾蜍蝌蚪晶状体再生中相关蛋白表达顺序与有尾类蝾螈相似，蛋白表达顺序依次是β-晶状体蛋白、γ-晶状体蛋白和α-晶状体蛋白，并且后两种蛋白几乎同时表达。

The results shown that:(1) Bufo raddei Strauch tadpole was capable of lens regeneration, which originated from the epithelial cells at dorsal iris margin by depigmentation.(2) Depigmentation of Bufo raddei Strauch during lens regeneration was by two methods: First, pigment granules initially dispersed all over the cytoplasm were moved towards the periphery of the cell, and then were directly taken up by the amoeboid cells. Second, pigment granules in a cell were first crowded in a mass, surrounded by a membranous structure in the cytoplasm, which were eventually discharged as a mass from the cell.

结果表明：花背蟾蜍蝌蚪(1)具有晶状体再生的能力，其晶状体的再生来源于虹膜背缘的上皮细胞；(2)虹膜背缘去色素是转分化的前提，主要有两种方式：一种也是最主要的方式是在晶状体被摘除后虹膜外侧产生巨噬细胞，巨噬细胞吞噬虹膜色素上皮细胞中的色素颗粒；另一种方式是虹膜色素上皮细胞自身释放色素颗粒；(3)电镜观察发现虹膜色素上皮细胞转分化过程中线粒体有明显变化，核糖体增多，粗面内质网增多，晶状体纤维分化过程中细胞核逐渐凝聚。

In the brewing production, Aronia berries can be processed into Aronia-brewing wine, healthy vinegar as well as lactic-acid drink. Furthermore, the natural pigment is rich in Aronia berries, such as procyanidins, anthocyanins, flavonoids and so forth. Therefore they can be used as raw materials for the production of natural pigments.

在酿造加工方面，黑果腺肋花楸可用于酿造果酒、酿制保健醋以及研制乳酸发酵型饮料；在天然色素提取方面，黑果腺肋花楸的果实富含原花青素、花色苷、类黄酮等天然色素，因此可作为天然色素生产的原材料。

These indicted that the low temperature in autumn and short sunshine could promote the synthesis of the leaf protein,degrade the buildup of starch and invert part of starch to glucose,thus the PAL enzymatic activity were increased and the synthesis of cyanin was promoted,the leaf color changed red.

这说明秋季低温和短日照促进叶片蛋白质的合成，降低淀粉积累，将部分淀粉转化为葡萄糖，PAL酶活性增加，从而促进花色素苷的合成，叶色转为红色。

China rich Blueberry anthocyanins, Blueberry anthocyanins material in the pigment, anthocyanin mainly-2-glucosidase, anthocyanins-3-xylosidase, anthocyanins-3-Fu-glucoside, flowers Green-2-rhamnoside, D.-3-rhamnoside, D.-5-glucosidase, 3-o-original flower-Chui, Malvaceae pigment 3, 5-and two glucosidation 3, 3-such as stripping the original flower.

中国越橘富含花青素，越橘花青素重的色素物质，主要为花青素-2-葡萄糖苷、花青素-3-木糖苷、花青素-3-半乳糖苷、花青素-2-鼠李糖苷、翠雀花-3-鼠李糖苷、翠雀花-5-葡萄糖苷、3-O-酰原花翠素、锦葵色素-3，5-二糖甙和3，3-二-酰原花萃素等。

The seasonal variation of the content of anthocyanin and the PAL activity in Photinia×frasery"Red Robin"leaves was consistent,showed increase-decrease-increase-decrease curve,the max presented on June and October,the min presented on November.

叶片中花色素苷含量和PAL活性的季节变化趋势基本一致，呈上升-下降-上升-下降趋势，在6月和10月出现最大值，11月份出现最小值。

The activity of PPO was lower than CK and POD activity was higher than CK while the titrable acidity and sugar contents had little variation.

结果显示，处理后荔枝果皮中花色素苷、类黄酮含量下降速度低于对照，PPO活性低于对照，POD活性高于对照，而果汁中可滴定酸及糖含量与对照相比无显著变化。

Besides combatting the free-radical damage linked to heart disease and cancer, anthocyanin s may boost brainpower.

花色素甙除了能克服导致心脏病和癌症的自由基的损害外，还能提高脑力。

Besides combatting the free-radical damage linked to heart disease and cancer, anthocyanins may boost brainpower.

花色素甙除了能克服导致心脏病和癌症的自由基的损害外，还能提高脑力。

So Dr Schaefer conducted an experiment using 11 captive female blackcaps. For four days, the birds were given a choice between two cups of food that were identical except that the food in one was blue in colour because it contained anthocyanins.

所以医生schaefer 用11个笼中的黑顶莺进行了一项试验。4天里，鸟们需要在两个杯子的食物之间作出选择，这两个杯子中只有蓝颜色的食物不相同，因为它包含了花色素苷。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。