花粉

When pollen germinates on a stigma the growing pollen tubes deposit callose as small plugs, but if the plant is self-incompatible, tubes from its own pollen will deposit more callose, which then blocks the tube, preventing fertilization.

当花粉在柱头上萌发时，生长的花粉管产生少量胼胝质，但如果该植物是自交不亲和的，那么花粉管将产生比较多的胼胝质，可以阻塞花粉管来阻止受精。

There was noevident cause-effect relationship between the formation and theamount of callose and the recognition reaction of theincompatibility.A great deal of ester was secreted.from pollenfuurow in 30 minutes after pollination,and the ester covered stigmaand pollens.The secretion sustained about two hours.

用扫描电子显微镜在授粉后间隔不同时间跟踪观察了亲和性授粉和不亲和性授粉的花粉与柱头相互作用的特征和特性，观察结果发现，在授粉30分钟内，花粉粒开始从花粉沟向外分泌大量脂类物质，覆盖柱头和花粉粒，分泌作用大约持续2小时结束。

Due to effect of temperature, the differentiation of clinandrium began when bud were about 1.6-2 mm, after then all buds differentiated clinandriums, and one anther could differentiate to 1 ~ 4 clinandriums in which there were microspores which in stage from tetrad to mature pollen grains.

由于温度的影响，1.6～2mm大小的花蕾开始出现花粉囊的分化，以后各大小的蕾都分化了个数不等的花粉囊，一个花药可分化出1～4个花粉囊，可见到自四分体到成熟花粉粒的各阶段小孢子。

In this experiment, 22 cucumber varieties were selected as test materials. The experiment analyzed the best method to mensurate cucumber pollen viability, the pollen viability and its influence factors, and the best low-temperature to distinguish the pollen germination rates of different varieties and compages of florescence temperature and germinarion temperature. We hope the results of experiment can offer theoretics and data to chilling tolerance varieties selection.

本试验共选取了22个黄瓜品种，研究了测定黄瓜花粉活力的最佳方法、不同黄瓜品种花粉活力及其影响因素，确定了区别不同品种花粉萌发差异的最适低温以及开花温度和萌发温度的组合，以及花粉萌发率与植株耐冷性的关系等方面，以期对耐冷性品种选育提供可以依据的理论和参考的数据。

The influences of INA were as follows: The mulcher of pollen parietes was disintegrated or disappeared in certain section and even the entire extine was deleted. The injuries of organelles in the pollen were demonstrated by plastosome peplos imperfect, vesicle sterility; concentric circles of the endoplasmic reticulum or fold arranged, to form the membranal inclusions by enwrapping part of the cytoplasm, and decrease of ribosome amount.

INA细菌对花粉的超微结构的影响表现为：使花粉壁的覆盖层在某些区域解体消失或整个花粉外壁缺失；使花粉中的细胞器受到破坏，包括线粒体被膜不完整，嵴呈囊泡状；内质网呈同心圆卷绕或折叠状排列包围部分细胞质而形成膜内含物；核糖体数量明显减少等。

Adding purified stylar S-RNase from Prunus mume cultivar 'Gessekai' to liquid medium, for cultivating self- and cross-pollen at temperatures lot, 25℃ and 35℃, respectively, then determining the rate of pollen germination and the length of pollen tube after different periods of cultivating time.

在液体培养基中添加从果梅'月世界'花柱中纯化的S-RNase，并分别于10℃、25℃和35℃条件下培养自花、异花花粉，测定不同培养时间后的花粉萌发率和花粉管生长长度；离体条件下进行果梅花柱S-RNase降解花粉管RNA反应后，用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测不同温度条件下自花、异花花粉管RNA被降解的程度。

The sac structure projected through the pollen aperture possesses the typical nature of transfer cell, i. e complex lybrinthian wall ingrowth and abundant mitochondria, RER, dicotysomes and ribosomes under the wall. Its outer surface is closely related to the tapetal protoplast. The accumulation of storaged material in pollen start at the area near the apertures. Above restults indicate the pollen apertures may be the"door"from where nutrition flows into pollen in P. hortorum.

绒毡层物质向花粉粒的短途运输明显的表现在花粉的萌发孔区，一方面形成向外突起的囊腔，另一方面在这里具有发达的壁迷宫，而且迷宫下具丰富的线粒体，RER和高尔基体等细胞器，此外花粉内贮藏物的大量积累首先从萌发孔附近开始以及萌发孔处与绒毡层有紧密接触都说明天竺葵花粉萌发孔可能是物质进入花粉的&门户&。

Pure pollen from Yunyan 87 diluted with bentonite, flour, GTG powder, skimmed milk powder, bee pollen, soluble starch and talc powder at the proportion of 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 (pollen: diluent v/v), using pure pollen as control.

采用云烟87纯花粉与膨润土、面粉、GTG粉、脱脂奶粉、蜂花粉、可溶性淀粉和滑石粉按体积比2：1、1：1、1：2及1：3比例均匀混合制备成固体介质花粉，以纯花粉为对照，研究介质花粉对云烟87的坐果和种子活力的影响。

Experimental results show that there are existing some indifferent mechanisms to the pollen sterilization of the Ms types: during the period of single nucleic to three nucleic pollen cell,we observed that the cell of xylem and phloem in anther septum abnormally developed,also the cell in the sheath of vascular bundle,smaller and arranged irregularly; the metabolic block developed too,es...

结果表明，不育类型的花粉败育有着一些共同的机理：在花粉单核期至三核期可见到花药隔维管束的木质部及韧皮部细胞发育较差，维管束鞘细胞发育不良，体积较小，排列紊乱；在单核花粉期至三核花粉期均发生物质代谢障碍，特别在花药部位尤为明显；由于维管束发育不良和花药物质代谢障碍，导致了花粉缺乏营养而败育。

The ancients said:"longevity in air can cause longevity", so pine pollen can be called "King of pollen." 2, full nutrition are pine-hung pine pollen-tipped stamens of the sperm cells, bears a heavy pine reproduction, which is the essence of pine, Beijing 301 Hospital of trace elements by the Research and Technical University of Munich, Germany (Europe's best-known trace elements Research Center) in cooperation of pine pollen nutrients all made the most scientific testing, during the surprise discovery of pine pollen longevity life contains all the necessary nutrients, and with a reasonable and be able to fully complement and balance the human body nutrition.

古人称：&松柏之气可以使人长寿&，所以松花粉堪称&花粉之王&。2、全营养松花粉是松树雄花蕊的精细胞，担负着松树繁衍的重任，它是松树的精华，经北京301医院微量元素研究室与德国慕尼黑技术大学（欧洲最著名的微量元素研究中心）合作，对松花粉所有的营养成份作了最科学的检测，期间惊奇的发现，松花粉里含有长寿生命体所需的全部营养成份，且搭配合理，能够全面补充、均衡人体所需的营养。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了