花粉

The different types of pollen abortion were observed among 3 Phyllostachys species by the examination of pollen viability.

花粉活力的测定说明存在不同类型的花粉败育现象。

The germination rate of pollen of 3 Phyllostachys species was generally lower, ranged from the lowest of 21.7% to the highest of 58.7% in this study.

竹子花粉的萌发试验说明竹花粉萌发率普遍较低，最高萌发率为58.7%，最低为21.7%。

The effects of different culture media, preservation condition and time on the germination of pollens collected from 30~40 years old Platanus acerifolia tree were studied.

本论文以30~40年生悬铃木的花粉为试材，研究了不同培养基对其萌发的作用，同时探讨了不同贮藏条件和贮藏时间对花粉生活力的影响。

The effects of different culture media, preservation condition and time on the germination of pollens collected from 30-40 years old Platanus acerifolia tree were studied.

以30~40年生悬铃木的花粉为试材，研究了不同培养基对其萌发的作用，同时探讨了不同贮藏条件和贮藏时间对花粉生活力的影响。

The total content of Poaceae pollen in the rice field is 36％～88％,and the content of Oryza- type pollen is 30％～84％,averaging 57.41％.

研究结果表明，该区稻田耕土表层的禾本科花粉含量为36％～88％，其中水稻型花粉含量为30％～84％，平均含量为57.41％。

Anthers erect, with apical membrane overlying stigma head; pollinia 2 per pollinarium, margin translucent, caudicles enlarged at apex, erect.

花药直立，具顶端的膜overlying柱头头状花序；花粉块2 每pollinarium，半透明的空白边，花粉块柄放大在先端，直立。

Anther appendages membranous, ovate, overlying stigma head; pollinia 2 per pollinarium, oblong, horizontal, caudicles obliquely ascending.

花药附属物膜质，卵形，柱头头状花序；花粉块2 每pollinarium，长方形，水平，斜升的花粉块柄。

Therefore, we selected common species of Ranunculaceae. comparative primordial plants in Alpine Meadow at Eastern QinghaiTibetan Plateau, and studied the reproductive strategies, such as reproductive allocation, especially sex allocation, to understand how the plants adapt the environmental conditions. The results showed:(1) At higher altitude, the self-incompatible plant, such as Trollius ranunculoides tended to become limited by pollination rather than by nutrient availability, while the self-compatible plants, such as Anemone rivularis and A. obtusiloba seemed not to be limited by pollen availability, which suggested that ability of self pollination for alpine plants may be a mechanism of reproductive assurance.(2) Influences induced by high altitude on the reproduction of these species occurred on different reproductive characters, which suggest species-specific adaptive strategies. The influences are dependent on plant size to some extent.

因此，我们选择在青藏高原东部的高寒草甸，以比较原始的植物类群—毛茛科植物为研究对象，选择一些常见种探讨其繁殖对策，如繁殖分配和性分配问题，试图揭示这些植物如何适应环境条件，最后的结果表明： 1高寒草甸高海拔区，自交植物(如小花草玉梅A.rivularis和钝裂银莲花A.obtusiloba)的繁殖不受花粉限制，而完全异交植物(毛茛状金莲花T.ranunculoides)的繁殖受花粉限制，表明高海拔地区植物的白花授粉能力可能是一种繁殖保障机制，能够避免恶劣环境对植物有性繁殖的不利影响； 2海拔高度对植物的影响因种而异，不同的物种受影响的繁殖性状不同，即使同属亲缘种间也存在差异，表明不同物种对相似环境压力的适应对策不同；而且，海拔高度对植物的影响在一定程度上依赖于植物个体大小，说明植物通过调整其个体大小与繁殖性状的关系来适应环境梯度的变化； 3植物花期和果期的繁殖分配并不完全随海拔升高而减小(只有小花草玉梅的果期RA随海拔升高而减小30％)，与Iwasa和Cohen的预测不完全一致(他们认为繁殖分配随生长季缩短而减小)。

After the aggregates have formed the sporogenous cells inside the- aggregates(which could now be called massulae)divide to form numerous pollen mother cells.

在文献中有关兰花花粉块的成熟结构的描述已有很多一刃，但有关兰花花粉块的形成过程的报道

Under normal temperature, anthers of not fertility restoration stopped developing in the stage of archesporical cell; 1-2 comers of a few anther could differentiate and form archesporical cell, sporogenous cells and microspore mother cell, but microspore mother cell disintegrated on the first meiotic division.

常温下，未发生育性恢复的花药在孢原细胞期就停止发育；少数花药1~2个角隅处可分化形成孢原细胞，造孢细胞，花粉母细胞，但花粉母细胞在减数分裂的第一次分裂时解体。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。