花瓣

Botany One of the two divisions of bilabiate corolla or calyx, as in the snapdragon, or the modified upper petal of an orchid flower.

唇瓣：双唇花冠或花萼两部分之一，如金鱼草或兰花的装饰性上部花瓣

Male flowers pedicellate or sessile; sepals 4-6, distinct, usually unequal, imbricate; petals absent; stamens 1-25, 1 to several whorls surrounding disk or outer ones inserted at margin or sinus of disk, inner ones inserted on disk; filaments free; anthers bilocular, usually introrse, rarely extrorse, longitudinally dehiscent; disk flattened or concave, margin shallowly or deeply fid; rudimentary ovary very small or absent.

雄花有花梗或无梗；萼片4-6，离生，通常不等长，覆瓦状；花瓣无；雄蕊1-25，1或数轮围绕花盘或外轮着生于花盘边缘或凹缺，内轮着生于花盘；花丝离生花药具2室，通常内向，很少外向，纵向开裂；花盘扁平或凹，边缘浅或深裂；不发育子房非常小的或无。

The Chinese peony overwhelming majority variety is the bipinnate duplicate leaf, but also has the minority variety is a chapter of duplicate leaf.

经人工培育，杂交成单花千层亚类花型。在演进过程中，由于花瓣增加的层数差异，出现不同层次的花部形态。

Characteristics: Climbing perennial woody vines, stem densely hairy; leaves compound, opposite, consisting of three leaflets or sections, biternate or pinnate, the leaflets 3－9, acuminate at apex, coarsely serrate at margin; inflorescences panicles or cymes, axillary; flowers white to yellowish

形态：多年生攀缘性木质藤本，茎被密毛；叶对生，2回3出叶或羽状复叶，小叶3－9，先端渐锐，叶缘粗锯齿；圆锥或聚繖花序腋生，花白色至淡黄绿色，似花瓣的花萼4片；瘦果聚合，各具毛绒长尾。

Scape erect, usually higher than leaves, with several to more than 20 flowers; bracts lanceolate ,shorter than ovary.usually 6-9mm long,1lowermost to 2.3cm long, purple-brown; flower variable in colour, sweetly scented; sepals narrow-lanceolate,3cm long,5-7mm wide,5-veined;petals usually shorter and broader than sepals, slightly convolute over column,7-veined,lip inconspicuously 3-lobed,light yellow blotched purple, side lobes erect ,midlobe recurved, disk with 2 yellow lamellae above.

花葶直立，通常高出叶外，具花数朵至20余朵；花苞片披针形，比子房连花梗短，通常长6~9mm ，在最下面1枚达2.3cm ，紫褐色；花色多变，有香气；萼片狭披针形，长3cm ，宽5~7mm ，有5条脉纹；花瓣通常较萼片短而宽，向前稍合抱，覆盖于蕊柱之上，有脉纹7条，唇瓣不明显3裂，浅黄色带紫斑，侧裂片直立，中裂片翻卷，唇盘上面具2条黄色褶片。

Scape erect or slightly slanting, 30cm high, 1-2flowered, flowers large, white ,8-10cm across, fragrant; sepals oblong-lanceolate, 6cm long, 2cm wide, faintly tinted green at base; petals slightly smaller than sepals, lip 3-lobed, side lobes erect, spotted purple-red, mid –lobe pendent, blotched yellow and irregularly spotted purple-red in middle ,wavy at margin, lamellae yellow ,short-hairy .

花葶直立或微倾斜，高30cm ，有1~2花，花大，白色，直径8~10cm ，具芳香味；萼片长圆状披针形，长6cm ，宽2cm ，基部微带绿晕；花瓣稍小于萼片，唇瓣3裂，侧裂片直立，有紫色小斑点，中裂片下垂，中间有黄色斑块和不规则紫红色小斑点，边缘波浪状，褶片黄色，被短毛。花期2~5月。

Fruit 3-10(-15)× 1-1.3 mm, widest near or at base; petals 1-2.5(-3) mm; seeds often subbiseriate at basal portion of fruit; racemes bracteate throughout or rarely only along proximal half

果 3-10(-15)* 1-1.3 毫米，宽近的或在基部；花瓣1-2.5(-3)毫米；在果的基部的部分的种子通常subbiseriate；只下半部的在整个或很少具苞片的总状花序 2 N。

Fertile stamens 3, on 1 side, 2 inserted opposite sepals, 1 opposite petal; filaments glabrous; staminodes 3; antherodes 4-lobed, butterflylike.

能育雄蕊3，在1 边，2着生与萼片对生，1与花瓣对生上；花丝无毛退化雄蕊3； 4裂的退化花药，蝴蝶状。

Floral organ determination is best explained by the ABCDE model postulated by genetic studies of Arabidopsis thaliana. Sepals are determined by A and E class genes; petals are determined by A, B, and E; stamens by B, C, and E; and carpels by C and E class genes. A, B, C, and E class gene lineages are known having duplicated several times during the evolution of angiosperms. One of the noted major duplication events occurred in the origin of the early angiosperms, leading to the formation of subgroups of B/C/D/E class. Another one occurred near the basal eudicots and gave rise to further subgroups in A/B/C/D/E class genes among core eudicots. The phylogenetic position of the family Buxaceae is located right where the second major duplication of ABCDE genes might have occurred, which is supported by multiple gene (nuclear 18S rDNA, chloroplast rbcL and atpB) phylogenetic analyses.

目前经由模式植物阿伯芥的研究，建花部器官决定基因的调控，即花萼由A、E 群基因共同决定，花瓣由A、B、E 群基因，雄蕊由B、C、E 群基因，而心皮由C 和E 群基因决定。A、B、C、E 四群基因在被子植物的演化过程中发生过次的复制事件，其中比较重要的一次发生在早期被子植物演化出之时，形成B/C/D/E 群基因的次系群；另一次复制事件则发生在真双子植物基群附近，形成仅於核心真双子植物的A/B/C/D/E 群基因之次系群。

SEM and TEM images showed that hexagon-shaped crystals formed within garlic roots; Cone and caky crystal formed on outer surface of root; flower-like crystal formed on outer stem surface of garlic sprouts, and polyhedron crystal presented in inner of garlic sprouts.

电镜测试表明，在蒜芽根须内部生成了六边形状的晶体，外部形成了锥体状和圆饼状的晶体；而在蒜芽的芽部外表面形成的晶体则呈花瓣状，内部形成的晶体呈多面体状；在蒜芽的反应溶液中主要生成了树枝状的晶体。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。