花

These results suggest that anthocyanidin in E. pulcherrima mainly include cyanidin 3-rutinoside, delphinidin 3-rutinoside, cyanidin 3- benzoylglucoside, delphinidin 3-benzoylglucoside and an unknown component.

由这些结果可推断一品红花色素样品中主要含有 5 种组分：矢车菊花色素芸香苷、飞燕草花色素芸香苷、飞燕草花色素苯甲酰基葡糖苷、矢车菊花色素苯甲酰基葡糖苷和一种未知成分。

Combining with the result of emasculation, bagging, artificial pollination and pollinating observation, it was concluded that L.pincina should be anthophilous flower plant under natural condition.

结合套袋实验和传粉观察结果认为：在自然条件下，滇丁香为虫媒花植物，其中针型花和线型花所接受的亲和性花粉分别为异株同型花和异型花提供。

The species diversity of Dipentodon sinicus communities in Yushe National Forest Park of Guizhou province was studied based on the quadrate method. The results showed that Rosaceae, Ericaceae, Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Theaceae, Lauraceae, Caprifoliaceae, Cornaceae were the dominant families in D. sinicus communities of Yushe National Forest Park. In the 10 sample plots, there were 8 which were absolutely dominated with D. sinicus population, the importance value came up to 135.69 on average, and it was far higher than the others. For D. sinicus communities, the abundance index (2.847), Simpson index (0.601), Shannon-Wiener index (1.523), probability of inter-specific encounter (0.601) and species evenness (0.569) of the tree layer were lower than those of the shrub layer (5.580, 0.830, 2.377, 0.829, 0.672, respectively) on the whole. It markedly showed a species diversity characteristic of the mixed broadleaved evergreen and deciduous forest in middle subtropics. In the 10 sample plots, the species diversity level of Q1 was the highest, followed by Q3, Q5 and Q6 was the lowest.

摘要运用样方法对贵州省玉舍国家级森林公园稀有保护植物十齿花群落的物种多样性进行了研究，结果表明：玉舍国家级森林公园十齿花群落以蔷薇科、杜鹃花科、壳斗科、桦木科、山茶科、樟科、忍冬科、山茱萸科等为优势科；10个样地中有8个样地以十齿花种群占绝对优势，其平均重要值高达135.69，远远高于其它种群；十齿花群落乔木层物种丰富度为2.847、Simpson指数为0.601、Shannon-Wiener指数为1.523、种间相遇机率为0.601、均匀度指数为0.569，总体上均小于灌木层(分别为：5.580、0.830、2.377、0.829、0.672)，表现为较明显的亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林的物种多样性特征。10个样地中，Q1的物种多样性程度最高，Q3次之，Q5和Q6最小，多样性程度最低，10个样地的物种多样性排序为Q1＞Q3＞Q9＞Q7＞Q2＞Q4＞Q10＞Q8＞Q5＞Q6。

The basic diploid number of chromosomes in the family Cobitidae was deemed to 2n=50. The C . sinensis with 2n=40 may originate from the ancestor of the subfamily Cobitidae. The C sinensis with 2n=90 which reserved all of 40 original chromosomes maybe result from heterologous hybridization among some fishes of the subfamily Cobitidae. The C . sinensis with 2n=76 is probably a branch of hybrid offspring.

鳅科鱼类染色体的祖先二倍数是2n=50，2n=40的中华花鳅可能是由类似于泥鳅的2n=50的鳅亚科祖先经罗伯逊易位2n=50→48→40转变而来的。2n=90的中华花鳅保留了初始的40条染色体，它可能是由2n=40的中华花鳅与同为鳅亚科的其它鱼类杂交后演化而来的。2n=76的中华花鳅并非异源三倍体，它可能是杂交后演化的一个分支。

Spikelets alike (except Cortaderia , Elytrophorus ), laterally compressed, fertile florets several, uppermost florets reduced, disarticulating between florets; floret callus usually bearded, short and obtuse or elongate; glumes persistent, variable in length, shorter than lemmas to as long as spikelet, usually membranous, 1–9-veined, apex acute to acuminate; lemmas rounded on back, hyaline to leathery, glabrous, pilose or villous, hairs sometimes in tufts,(1–)3–11-veined, apex entire or 2-lobed, awnless or a straight or geniculate awn with flat twisted column arising from apex or sinus, lobes often extended into bristles; palea well developed.

除Cortaderia，Elytrophorus之外一样的小穗，侧面压扁，能育小花数个，在小花之间退化，脱节的最上部的小花；通常公然反对，缺乏的小花结茧和抑制或者拉长；颖片宿存，在背面上圆形的外稃，透明的到革质，无毛，具柔毛或者具长柔毛，有时的毛成丛，(1-)3-11脉，内稃发育良好。

Spikelets oblong to gaping, shining, laterally compressed, florets 2–3(–5), disarticulating below each floret; rachilla pilose, extended beyond uppermost floret; glumes lanceolate to oblong, subequal,± equaling spikelet, membranous, shining, keeled, lower glume 1-veined, upper glume 1–3-veined; floret callus small, pubescent to conspicuously bearded; lemmas lanceolate to oblong, hyaline to shiny cartilaginous, back rounded, finely 4-veined (5th midvein extended into awn), glabrous, awned from near base or in lower half, apex membranous, broad, 4-toothed or denticulately truncate; awn straight or weakly geniculate, usually not exserted from spikelet; palea hyaline, subequal to lemma.

小穗长圆形为了张口，发亮，侧面压扁，小花2-3(-5)，在每小花下面脱节；小穗轴具柔毛，在最重要的小花以外延长；披针形的颖片到长圆形，近等长，多少等长，膜质，发亮，龙骨状，下部颖片1脉，上面颖片1-3－脉；小花结茧小，青春期对显著公然反对；外稃披针形的到长圆形，对发亮软骨透明，背面圆形，好4脉(中脉第5 延伸进芒)，从小穗直或者身体虚弱膝曲，通常不外露的芒；透明的内稃，近等长于外稃。

In this paper, several traditional models for computing are introduced at first. Conferring probability theory, the load boundary condition of that collector is analyzed, the characteristic values of Tubesheet in different design reference periods are computed. Based on homogenization method, after lots of numerical experiments, the mechanical characteristic of Tubesheet controlled different structure parameters is studied, and an empiristic formulas that could simplify Tubesheet to stiffen plate is gained. Then, G-M method is employed and Tubesheet is simplified to a normal plate.

本文在总结传统计算方法的基础上，参考概率设计方法，分析了大型袋式除尘器的荷载边界条件，计算了不同设计基准期下的花板可变荷载标准值，结合均匀化方法，通过大量数值实验，得出了不同参数对花板受力性能的影响规律，并拟合了将花板简化为加劲板的经验公式，再参考正交异性板法，最终推导了花板简化为均匀平板的经验公式。

"A slip joint consists of outside splines on one shaft and matching internal splines in the mating hollow shaft , the splines cause the two shaft s to rotate together But permitthe two to move endwise with each other."

伸缩花键由在传动轴上的外花键和与之相连的空心轴中对应的内花键组成。伸缩花键使两轴一起转动，也能使两轴相对移动。

"A slip joint consists of outside splines on one shaft and matching internal splines in the mating hollow shaft, the splines cause the two shafts to rotate together But permitthe two to move endwise with each other."

伸缩花键由在传动轴上的外花键和与之相连的空心轴中对应的内花键组成。伸缩花键使两轴一起转动，也能使两轴相对移动。

Common buckwheat, also known as buckwheat, and its flowers have a nectary can scent to lure insects, cross-pollination; Fagopyrum tataricum Tatar, also known as buckwheat, a small flower, no fragrance, self-pollination, artificial hybridization extremely difficult to successfully ; As winged buckwheat buckwheat and rice is the achene edge node as a result of their wings was like thin or plump achenes splitting between the two edge, easy-exposed fruit in the "m" name.

甜荞又称普通荞麦，其花中有蜜腺，能散发香味，引诱昆虫，异花授粉；苦荞又称鞑靼荞麦，花器小，无香味，自花授粉，人工杂交极难成功；至于翅荞和米荞则是由于其所结瘦果棱薄呈翼状或是瘦果两棱之间饱满欲裂，易露出果内的&米&而得名。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。