色素细胞

Its main features are: algae body as a single cell or even into a variety of groups; cell walls composed of silica and pectin, but also by the structure of the shell and the shell under the combined set of the Cheng, vertical section view was "soap-box"-shaped; in the upper and lower shell surface of the shell are patterns arranged in patterns on both sides of the main mode of symmetry and radial symmetry is divided into two categories, for the classification of the most important basis; be able to campaign Type in the shell has a shell side seam, can not be changed no shell seam types; pigment body sheet or ribbon, 1 or 2, or for multiple small discoid, yellow green or brown, containing chlorophyll a, c, also contains fucoxanthin and silicon A flavin and other photosynthetic pigments; storage material mainly for oil droplets; reproduction mainly for cell division and cell division in diatoms obvious features are: each cell division, resulting from two sub-cells,, only one and the mother cell and so big, the other one is smaller.

其主要特征是：藻体为单细胞或连成各式群体；细胞壁由硅质和果胶质组成，而且在结构上都是由上壳和下壳套合而成，纵断面观呈"肥皂盒"形；在上下壳的壳面上有花纹，花纹排列的方式主要分为两侧对称和辐射对称两大类，为分类上的最重要依据；能运动的种类在壳面都有壳缝，不能动的种类均无壳缝；色素体片状或带状，1个或2个，或为多个小盘状，黄绿色或黄褐色，含叶绿素a、c，还含有墨角藻黄素和硅甲黄素等光合色素；贮藏物质主要为油滴；繁殖方式主要为细胞分裂，硅藻的细胞分裂的明显特点是：每次细胞分裂所产生的2个子细胞中，仅有1个和母细胞等大，另1个则稍小。

Results The expression level of ERβ was moderate or highter in stroma cell, anterior pigment epithelium as well as pasterior pigment epithelium of the iris, unpigmented epithelium, pigmented ciliary epithelium and vascular endocemet of the choroid layers.

结果 ERβ在虹膜基质细胞、虹膜前后两层色素上皮细胞、睫状体非色素上皮和色素上皮、脉络膜各层血管内皮的表达水平主要呈中表达或高表达；ERα则表达不明显。

The cilia of retinal pig merit epithelium disappeared completely by TEM, the granola of retinal pigment epithelium decreased, the rough endoplasmic retinal, the mitochondrial crista breaks, the outer nuclear layer arrangemen disorderin, disc broad, the vacuole timer and outer plexi-form layer shaped, the ganglion cells and membranous of eye cell outer side got think, intermembranous space gotorgancelle disappeared mostly, the crista of cytoplasm ganglion cells layer swelled.

透射电说可见：视网膜色素上皮细胞表面纤毛完全消失，视网膜色素上皮细胞内颗粒减少，粗而内质网、线粒体嵴断裂，外颗粒层细胞排列紊乱，视细胞外段盘膜粗大，盘膜间隙增宽，内外丛状层空泡形成，神经节细胞、细胞器大部分消失，神经节细胞层可见细胞质有嵴性肿胀。

Results: When the concentrations of artemisinin were 1×10^(-4), 1×10^(-5) and 1×10^(-6)mol/L, the growth of cells was inhibited remarkably in a dose-dependent manner. Fluorescence staining showed obvious apoptosis, such as karyopyknosis and agglutination. RT-PCR assay shows the expression of Caspase-3. Artemisinin could lead to the decrease of mitochondrial cytochrome c concentration, which in turn lead to the increase of cytoplasmic cytochrome c concentration.

结果：青蒿素的浓度为1×10^(-4)，1×10^(-5)，1×10^(-6)mol/L时，细胞生长受到显著抑制，并呈剂量依赖性；Hoechst33342/PI双荧光染色可观察到明显的核浓缩、凝集等细胞凋亡表现；RT-PCR检测到Caspase-3的表达；Western-blot检测1×10^(-5)mol/L药物处理细胞后线粒体细胞色素C表达水平下调，细胞浆出现明显细胞色素C蛋白条带。

IntroductionSmooth surfaced endoplasmic reticula contain plenty of cyto-chromes, which are mainly cytochrome P450 ( CYP450 ) and b5 and are very important in the process of the biotransformation of exogenetical fat - soluble compounds and the metabolism of some endogenetical matrices, such as bile acid forming^ bile pigment metabolism and steroid synthesis.

CYP450是50年代中期Williams和Klingeberg发现、60年代初木村和佐藤验证的一类b族细胞色素，由于还原型细胞色素与一氧化碳结合后在光谱的450nm处具有最高吸收峰，因而命名为CYP450以别与其它b族细胞色素，P是英文Peak的缩写。

Confocal microscope detection experiments showed that, in morulae and blastocysts, with theincreasing concentration of BPA, embryo of cytochrome C release rate increased. This showedthat the cytochrome C involved in BPA-induced the embryos apoptosis process. This processis regulated by the mitochondrial pathway.

激光共聚焦显微镜检测细胞色素C结果显示：在桑椹胚期和囊胚期，随着BPA处理浓度的升高，释放细胞色素C的胚胎比率逐渐增加，说明细胞色素C参与了BPA诱导胚胎细胞凋亡的过程，这一过程是通过线粒体通路来调节的。

Its main features are: algae body as a single cell or even into a variety of groups; cell walls composed of silica and pectin, but also by the structure of the shell and the shell under the combined set of the Cheng, vertical section view was "soap-box"-shaped; in the upper and lower shell surface of the shell are patterns arranged in patterns on both sides of the main mode of symmetry and radial symmetry is divided into two categories, for the classification of the most important basis; be able to campaign Type in the shell has a shell side seam, can not be changed no shell seam types; pigment body sheet or ribbon, 1 or 2, or for multiple small discoid, yellow green or brown, containing chlorophyll a, c, also contains fucoxanthin and silicon A flavin and other photosynthetic pigments; storage material mainly for oil droplets; reproduction mainly for cell division and cell division in diatoms obvious features are: each cell division, resulting from two sub-cells,, only one and the mother cell and so big, the other one is smaller.

其主要特征是：藻体为单细胞或连成各式群体；细胞壁由硅质和果胶质组成，而且在结构上都是由上壳和下壳套合而成，纵断面观呈&肥皂盒&形；在上下壳的壳面上有花纹，花纹排列的方式主要分为两侧对称和辐射对称两大类，为分类上的最重要依据；能运动的种类在壳面都有壳缝，不能动的种类均无壳缝；色素体片状或带状，1个或2个，或为多个小盘状，黄绿色或黄褐色，含叶绿素a、c，还含有墨角藻黄素和硅甲黄素等光合色素；贮藏物质主要为油滴；繁殖方式主要为细胞分裂，硅藻的细胞分裂的明显特点是：每次细胞分裂所产生的2个子细胞中，仅有1个和母细胞等大，另1个则稍小。

RESULTS: In the retinal region without light, the structure of every layer was clear, cells in neuroepithelial layer arrayed in rule, some bubble presented in external granular layer and internal granular layer, RPE cells were compact, and the color of pigment article was coincident. In the region with direct blue light and that with 30J/cm2+Acrysof one-piece/ pMMlA, cells on photoreceptor and external granular layer were lost partially, bubble increased, RPE cells were with different sizes, and cell edema, cell lost and pigment article cluster could be seen.. In region with 30J/cm2+Natural, a little disorganization could be seen comparing to that without light, but more normal than those with Acrysof and direct eradia tion.

结果：未照射部位：视网膜各层次结构清晰，神经上皮层内各细胞排列规则，整齐，RPE细胞排列紧密均匀，色素颜色一致；单独光照和透过Acrysof一片式I0L：光感受器层部分细胞丢失，外核层可见固缩核，浓密，内颗粒层细胞大量丢失，内丛状层内空泡明显增多，RPE表面，细胞大小不均，可见肿胀、缺失，细胞内色素浓密、聚集成块；透过Nat-ural一片：与未照射处相比，视网膜各层次结构仍有部分破坏，但程度明显减轻。

Mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence were used to study the molecular evolution and phylogeny of Anser cygnoides(15 breed of Chinese goose), Anser anser(2 breed of domestic European goose) and Anser albifrons(the lesser white-fronted goose, Genbank accession number AF363031). Sequence analysis revealed that there were 29 variable sites and 4 haplotypes in 45 sequences, nucleotide diversity and haplotype diversity were 0.0068,0.45 respectively, insertion/deletion or frameshift mutation were not found in Cyt-b gene sequences(1143bp).

本实验测定了中国家鹅15个品种、欧洲鹅2个品种共44个个体的细胞色素b基因全序列，与Genbank库中自额雁细胞色素b基因序列合并在一起比对分析，17个家鹅品种和白额雁细胞色素b基因全序列均为1143bp，序列中没有缺失、插入或移码突变，共检测到29个变异位点、4种单倍型，核苷酸多样度和单倍型多样度分别为0.00648和0.45。

The effects of the mutation of some conserved residues on the structure, stability and redox potential of cytochrome 〓 have been discussed based on the structural comparison of the five mutants with wild type Tb5, respectively.

为阐明某些保守残基在细胞色素〓的结构和功能的相互关系以及电子传递过程中所起的作用，探讨制约或影响细胞色素〓的构效关系的主要因素，本论文对野生型Tb5及其一系列突变体进行了结构比较，并根据这些结果对细胞色素〓的三维结构与生物功能的相互关系进行了初步探讨。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。