良知

He would pass the house on his mare while riding his crops and see her sitting on the gallery,her shrunken face collapsed about the reed stem of a clay pipe, or moving about the washing-pot and clothes-line in the back yard, moving slowly and painfully, as the very old move, appearing to be much older even to Edmonds,when he thought about it at all, than Edmonds certainly knew her to be.

他把这称作对自己机遇的一次祭酒，就象古罗马的百人长在饮酒前也总要先洒掉一些一样，其实这是对他祖先与良知的祭祀，他说不定会承认自己在良知上是及不上这个黑人妇女的，无论是在礼数上还是在人品上，她是他心目中唯一的的母亲，她不仅。。。。。

A widely accepted explanation of conscience stems from the depth psychology of Sigmund Freud, according to which a form of conscience, the Superego, is a product of the unconscious activity of the underlying instinctive reality.

广泛接受的解释，有良知的茎从深度心理学的弗洛伊德，根据其中的一种形式，良知，超，是一种产品的无意识活动背后的本能的现实。

The six authors have displayed, in their own ways, a panorama of modem Chinese social life. Zhan Xin-xin expresses the anxiety and lost self of Chinese people at the beginning of main current political culture breakdown and materialistic flooding immediately after the Great Cultural Revolution. Liu Suo-la exposes the anti-classic and pro-individualistic radicalism of young college students facing an opening-up and multi-cultural age. Chen-Rong, in transcendence of historical rationalism, proposes human spiritual emancipation and subjective revelation in order to oppose traditional feudalistic stereotypes. Liu Zhen-yun in his typical cool-minded description, discloses the routine spiritual enslavement, oppression and murder, as well as men\'s helplessness, hopelessness and distortedness in familiar daily life affairs. Zhang Wei attaches importance to a heart-felt emotional and conscientious expression, thinking that the only things that may combine one\'s individual subjective options with his personal moral responsibility towards world and others are his inner authentic feelings and conscience.

这六位作家是张辛欣、刘索拉、谌容、刘震云、张炜和潘军，他们从不同的角度，以各自不同的方式，展示了中国现代社会中的一幅幅人生图景：张辛欣的作品呈现了"文化大革命"以后主流政治文化分化瓦解和物质主义泛滥初始人的自我迷失与彷徨焦虑的状态；刘索拉表达了改革开放和文化多元时代青年大学生反叛经典和张扬个性的激进姿态；谌容从超越历史理性的高度致力于反抗传统意识和封建世俗观念对人格个性的压抑，提倡人的精神解放和主体意志的彰显；刘震云以近乎残忍的描写，揭露了熟视无睹的日常生活对人的精神上的奴役、蹂躏和扼杀以及人在这一过程中的无奈、绝望和扭曲；张炜强调一种内在真情与良知的表达，认为唯一能够把个人的主观选择与对世界、对他人的道德责任联系起来的，就是人在心灵深处为自己和他人保存的那一份真情与良知；潘军从复归自我和维护个性尊严的角度，把人的爱欲和物欲升华为一种超越世俗伦理道德的纯个人化、精神化的心理体验和情感交流。

The six authors have displayed, in their own ways, a panorama of modem Chinese social life. Zhan Xin-xin expresses the anxiety and lost self of Chinese people at the beginning of main current political culture breakdown and materialistic flooding immediately after the Great Cultural Revolution. Liu Suo-la exposes the anti-classic and pro-individualistic radicalism of young college students facing an opening-up and multi-cultural age. Chen-Rong, in transcendence of historical rationalism, proposes human spiritual emancipation and subjective revelation in order to oppose traditional feudalistic stereotypes. Liu Zhen-yun in his typical cool-minded description, discloses the routine spiritual enslavement, oppression and murder, as well as men"s helplessness, hopelessness and distortedness "in familiar daily life affairs. Zhang Wei attaches importance to a heart-felt emotional and conscientious expression, thinking that the only things that may combine ones individual subjective options with his personal moral responsibility towards world and others are his inner authentic feelings and conscience.

这六位作家是张辛欣、刘索拉、谌容、刘震云、张炜和潘军，他们从不同的角度，以各自不同的方式，展示了中国现代社会中的一幅幅人生图景：张辛欣的作品呈现了"文化大革命"以后主流政治文化分化瓦解和物质主义泛滥初始人的自我迷失与彷徨焦虑的状态；刘索拉表达了改革开放和文化多元时代青年大学生反叛经典和张扬个性的激进姿态；谌容从超越历史理性的高度致力于反抗传统意识和封建世俗观念对人格个性的压抑，提倡人的精神解放和主体意志的彰显；刘震云以近乎残忍的描写，揭露了熟视无睹的日常生活对人的精神上的奴役、蹂躏和扼杀以及人在这一过程中的无奈、绝望和扭曲；张炜强调一种内在真情与良知的表达，认为唯一能够把个人的主观选择与对世界、对他人的道德责任联系起来的，就是人在心灵深处为自己和他人保存的那一份真情与良知；潘军从复归自我和维护个性尊严的角度，把人的爱欲和物欲升华为一种超越世俗伦理道德的纯个人化、精神化的心理体验和情感交流。

He integrated the ideological essence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and used the " Natural kindniss " to express the Innateknowledge ontology, which composed his ontology theory ; He took this "Natural kindniss" as the basic of his theory, to pursue the Humanity realm which claim "One Unity of All Things" and the Easefulness realm which claim "free and easy", he thought both the two realms have the same mean, and finally proposed the theory of realm. On the Effort theoretically, Luo Jinxi emphasized "all lays down and breaks the unreal ontology theory", to fit the Natural kindniss in the just moment .He fused the Effort and the Ontology , which made the two together. As to the theory of "Awakening Oneself by discreet on One"s Own","The investigation of things" and "Filial piety and fraternalduty, Luo Jinxi also put forward an especial theory which made his thought into a perfect system and reached an extensive and proficient realm.

他融合儒释道的思想精华，用"赤子之心"来表述良知本体，构成其思想的本体论学说；并以此赤子良知为理论基点，追求"万物一体"之仁的境界与"生意活泼，了无滞碍"的洒脱之乐的境界，认为仁之境即是乐之境，乐之境即是仁之境，最终提出追求仁乐合一境界的境界论思想；在工夫理论上，罗近溪强调"放下一切、打破光景"，顺适赤子良知之当下状态，将工夫融释在良知本体中，即工夫即本体，即本体即工夫，表现出一种无工夫之工夫论；在关于慎独、格物、孝悌慈等论题上，近溪也提出了极具理论特色的观点，使其思想形成了一卓然圆熟的体系，达到了一"博通圆融"的境地。

Well, after his Astonishment was a little over at this, I pointed to him to run and fetch the Bird I had shot, which he did, but stay'd some Time; for the Parrot not being quite dead, was flutter'd away a good way off from the Place where she fell; however, he found her, took her up, and brought her to me; and as I had perceivd his Ignorance about the Gun before, I took this Advantage to charge the Gun again, and not let him see me do it, that 1 might be ready for any other Mark that might present; but nothing more offer'd at that Time; so I brought home the Kid, and the same Evening I took the Skin off, and cut it out as well as I could; and having a Pot for that purpose, I boil'd, or stew'd some of the Flesh, and made some very good Broth; and after I had begun to eat some, I gave some to my Man, who seem'd very glad of it, and lik'd it very well; but that which was strangest to him, was, to see me eat Salt with it; he made a Sign to me, that the Salt was not good to eat, and putting a little into his own Mouth, he seem'd to nauseate it, and would spit and sputter at it, washing his Mouth with fresh Water after it; on the other hand, I took some Meat in my Mouth without Salt, and I pretended to spit and sputter for want of Salt, as fast as he had done at the Salt; but it would not do, he would never care for Salt with his Meat, or in his Broth; at least not a great while, and then but a very little.

这不由得使我经常想到，上帝对世事的安排，自有其天意，在其对自己所创造的万物的治理中，一方面他剥夺了世界上许多生物的才干和良知，另一方面，他照样赋予他们与我们文明人同样的能力，同样的理性，同样的感情，同样的善心和责任感，也赋予他们同样的嫉恶如仇的心理；他们与我们一样知道感恩图报，诚恳待人，忠贞不渝，相互为善。而且，当上帝给他们机会表现这些才干和良知时，他们和我们一样，立即把上帝赋予他们的才干和良知发挥出来做各种好事，甚至可以说比我们自己发挥得更充分。对此，我不能不感到惊讶。同时，想到这些，我又感到有些悲哀，因为许多事实证明，我们文明人在发挥这些才干和良知方面，反而显得非常卑劣。尽管我们不仅有能力，而且，我们受到上帝的教诲，上帝的圣灵和上帝的语言的启示，这使我们能有更深刻的认识。同时，我也感到奇怪，为什么上帝不给这成千上百万的生灵以同样的教诲和启示，使他们懂得赎罪的道理。我觉得，如果我以这可怜的野人作为判断的依据，那么，他们实在能比我们文明人做得更好。

But to find its self is not all, Dasein still has to accumulate enough courage to retrieve its authentic self, and we shall witness this happening in Dasein's proper understanding of the call of conscience, or the realizing of Dasein's essential Being-guilty—which is termed by Heidegger as"resoluteness"—a kind of choice to make up for not choosing.

但是仅仅发现了自己的本己本真性还不够，此在还需要积聚足够的勇气来收回自己的本己本真性。这一过程将在对良知召唤的确切领会中得以实现：当此在确切地领会了良知的召唤，或者说意识到了自己根本的罪责存在之后，它将会对自己未作选择这一不作为行为而进行补偿，这样，海德格尔说，此在就获得了决断。

It was the face of the generation which had just proceeded them:the composite tintype face of ten thousand undefeated Confederate soldiers almost indistinguishably caricatured,composed, cold, colder than his,more ruthless than his,with more bottom than he had.

他把这称作对自己机遇的一次祭酒，就象古罗马的百人长在饮酒前也总要先洒掉一些一样，其实这是对他祖先与良知的祭祀，他说不定会承认自己在良知上是及不上这个黑人妇女的，无论是在礼数上还是在人品上，她是他心目中唯一的的母亲，她不仅。。。。。

This process in subjective, is the subject certificating the innate knowledge,and the final ,subjective is the identity of innate knowledge ,and the subjective becomes manifestation of the conscious innate knowledge.

这个过程在主体，就是主体对良知的逆觉体证，最后主体与良知就具有了同一性，主体成为了自觉的良知的表现形式。

The surprise does not come from the newness or subversiveness of his theory or points , but from the fact that Heidegger's thinking of conscience , after all the hypotheses and dogmas about conscience or ethics are "parenthesized", makes really conscience as a kind of authentically existing phenomenon of Dasein show itself off .

这种惊讶并非由于其理论或观点的新颖性或颠覆性，而是因为海德格尔的良知之思在括去了一切良知假设和道德教条之后，真正让良知在存在的深度上作为人最切己的生存现象活生生地自身显摆了出来。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。