船舶的

The shipowners referred to in the preceding paragraph shall include the charterer and the operator of a ship.

前款所称的船舶所有人，包括船舶承租人和船舶经营人。

Fourthly, it takes man, machine, circumstance and management as assessment index, proposes a calculating method for index weight calculation, puts forward the linear-weight model to make the engine-room equipment assessment, at last be able to work out the safety grade on the basis of the model and direct the maintenance of the engine-room.

最后用Visual Basic语言研发了一套包括机舱设备状态监测与安全评估模块、船舶应急事件处理模块、船舶机舱设备维修管理模块及船舶设备备件管理清单模块的软件系统。

The following is the main works of the paper.1 The weight and the center of weight of the whole hull, analysis by statics the weight of steel, the equipment, oil, water, crew and cargoes etc., conclude a method of calculating the weight and the center of weight of the whole hull,2 Work out the series of formula of distributing the water pressure of wave to the corresponding nodes on the plate, conclude a method of calculating the flotage and the center of the flotage,3 Analysis the method of adjusting the equilibrium of the hull, the finite element module of the hull, and the character of the linetype, by ship statics principle, work out a series of formula of adjusting longitudinal slant, preliminarily confirm the parameter and the range,4 Program in FORTRAN, and link into ANSYS, for auto-loading when analyzing the whole hull by the FEA,5 Make the finite element module of a real hull, calculate the weight and the center of the weight, the flotage and the center of the flotage, compare the result of manual calculation with the computed result, analysis the deviation of the program.

3通过分析船舶常用浮态调整方法、船体结构有限元模型和船体线型特征，运用船舶静力学原理，推导船舶浮态纵倾调整公式，分析了基于船舶结构有限元模型的纵倾浮态调整方法和初步探讨了纵倾浮态调整中的参数确定方法以及初步确定这些参数的取值范围。 4用本文推导的计算方法和公式开发FORTRAN程序，并编译连接到有限元软件ANSYS中，用于进行整船结构有限元分析时自动加载计算。

In order to solve the above problems, International Maritime Organization attaches great importance to the role of training and evaluation of ship maneuverability for ensuring ship navigation safety.

对此比较行之有效的方法是运用基于船舶运动方程的操纵模拟器；而且船舶操纵模拟器是分析海难和在船舶设计阶段进行船舶操纵性评估的有效工具。

Neither the carrier nor the ship shall be liable for loss or damage arising or resulting from unseaworthiness unless caused by want of due diligence on the part of the carrier to make the ship seaworthy, and to secure that the ship is properly manned, equipped and supplied, and to make the holds, refrigerating and cool chambers and all other parts of the ship in which goods are carried fit and safe for their reception, carriage and preservation in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article III.

无论承运人或船舶均无须对因船舶不适航而引起或导致的灭失或损坏承担责任，除非是由于承运人未按照第3条1款的规定，谨慎处理使船船适航，及确保该船舶妥善配备船员、装备及供应，以及使货舱、冷藏舱、冷气舱和船舶上运载货物的所有其他部分适合并能安全收受、运载及保存等原因所致。

Neither the carrier nor the ship shall be liable for loss or damage arising or resulting from unseaworthiness unless caused by want of due diligence on the part of the carrier to make the ship seaworthy, and to secure that the ship is properly manned, equipped and supplied, and to make the holds, refrigerating and cool chambers and all other parts of the shipin which goods are carried fit and safe for their reception, carriage and preservation in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article III.

无论承运人或船舶均无须对因船舶不适航而引起或导致的灭失或损坏承担责任，除非是由于承运人未按照第3条1款的规定，谨慎处理使船船适航，及确保该船舶妥善配备船员、装备及供应，以及使货舱、冷藏舱、冷气舱和船舶上运载货物的所有其他部分适合并能安全收受、运载及保存等原因所致。

Article 21 A maritime lien is the right of the claimant, subject to the provisions of Article 22 of this Code, to take priority in compensation against shipowners, bareboat charterers or ship operators with respect to the ship which gave rise to the said claim.

第二十一条船舶优先权，是指海事请求人依照本法第二十二条的规定，向船舶所有人、光船承租人、船舶经营人提出海事请求，对产生该海事请求的船舶具有优先受偿的权利。

Article 21 A maritime lien is the right of the claimant, subject to the provisions of Article 22 of this Code, to take priority in compensation against shipowners, bareboat charterers or ship operators with respect to the ship which gave rise to the said claim.

船舶留置权，船舶留置权，是指造船人，修船人在合同另一方未履行合同时，方未履行合同时，可以留置所占有的船舶，留置所占有的船舶，以保证造船费用或者修船费用得以偿还的权利。

Chapter Ⅲ is devoted to a comprehensive comparison and analysis of possessory lien with other confusable rights, namely, right of retention in respect of vessel, maritime lien, and also deals with the exertion sequence of these rights.

第三章对易与船舶留置权混淆的几种权利，如船舶扣押权、船舶滞留权、海上留置权等，进行了分析比较，并就船舶上可能同时存在的几种担保债权的受偿顺序进行了研究。

This paper studies the ship distribution of coal transportation routine arranged by Shanghai Time Shipping Company Ltd, after Tai Chang Power Plant Second Phase expansion .This paper studies the issue of Tai Chang power plants coal shipping optimization. By selecting appropriate ships to transport coal by vessel, the total cost of transportation can be minimized.

本文主要研究了上海时代航运有限公司在太仓发电厂二期扩建后煤炭运输中船舶运输的航线配船问题，对船舶进行合理分配，以选择出适合运输的船舶种类及船舶数量，以达到航运总成本最低的目的。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。