舌骨舌的

Oral functional space and position of hyoid were observed and measured.

观察口腔功能间隙面积的改变以及舌骨位置的变化。

Forty adult cadaver heads (male=29,female=11) were dissected to measure genial tubercles and observe the start-stop points of genioglossus muscle and geniohyoid muscle.

选取 4 0具成人尸头，解剖下颌骨、颏舌肌和颏舌骨肌，观察颏舌肌和颏舌骨肌的起止点和走行，测量颏棘及其相关参数，然后采用SPSS10 。0统计软件进行分析。

In this experiment, in the way of observing the histological changes, relative content of myosin heavy-chain mRNA and changes of the expression of IGF-I in masseter and geniohyoid muscle during distraction osteogenesis of canines mandible, we can learn about the rebuilding ability of masticatorymuscles and its changing regularity, and preliminarily discuss its remodeling mechanism.Anteroposterior bilateral distraction osteogenesis was performed on 14 mongrel canines, 6 to 8 months of age, using intraoral mandibular distractor.

本实验通过观察犬下颌骨牵张成骨过程中嚼肌与颏舌骨肌的组织学变化、肌球蛋白重链亚型mRNA含量以及IGF-I在咀嚼肌中表达的变化，了解牵张成骨过程中口颌肌肉的改建能力及其变化规律并初步探讨其改建机制。

The most suitable position to ligate lingual artery is the hyoglossus segment.

舌动脉舌骨舌肌段是行口外舌动脉结扎最理想的部位。

Methods:①Make clinical scale of the magnitude of the tongue and the palate to the group of the OSAHS and the normal control②Successive scanning of the upper airway at the states of the normal inspiration and under the Müller action on both normal controls and the OSAHS patients with multi-slice spiral computed tomography. The scope of scanning was from the roof of nasopharynx to the level of hypohyal, bonding multiplate volume reconstruction,using the image workstation to survey the cross section area, sagittal diameter, coronal diameter on the soft tissue thickness in the lateral pharyngealwall and posterior wall of the pharynx, and the postzone of soft palate, uvula palatine ,tongue and epiglottis.

采用高分辨率多排CT(multi-slice spiral computed tomography，MSCT)对正常人和OSAHS患者的上呼吸道分别在平静吸气状态下以及Müller动作下进行连续扫描，扫描范围从鼻咽顶部至舌骨下缘，图象进行三维重建，应用图像工作站测量正常人和OSAHS患者的软腭后区(retropalatal region，RP)、悬雍垂后区(uvula region，UV)、舌后区(retroglossal region，RG)和会厌后区(epiglottal region，EPG)气道横截面积(cross section area，CSA)、矢状径、冠状径、咽侧壁和咽后壁软组织厚度以及舌体大小(包括舌体长度、舌体最宽处的宽度、中纵切面面积，舌背高度)。

From May 1979 to Oct 1982, 48 infrahyoid myocutaneous flaps were used for reconstruction after resection of lingual carcinoma in 44 cases, 4 for carcinoma of retromolar buccal mucosa, 3 each for carcinoma of floor of mouth and parotid gland and 1 each for osteosarcoma of mandible and soft tissue sarcoma of face.

本文报道用60个舌骨下肌群肌皮瓣，在原修复舌癌根治术后舌缺损获得成功的基础上，进一步改进修复方法，对44例(48个瓣)舌癌和12例其它头颈部恶性肿瘤根治术后缺损进行立即修复。

MethodsFrom January 2003 to June 2008, 109 (98 males and 11 females) cases of severe OSAHS were treated with UPPP. All patients were checked with a fiber optic laryngoscope of Muller and X-ray or CT for upper air flue when they were in a waking state to locate the collapse level (oropharyngeal and palatopharyngeal level, most of them had an obstruction on the oropharyngeal level). After the UPPP, they were sent to the ICU and monitored with trachea cannula for 1 to 2days.

方法对重度OSAHS患者行UPPP联合舌骨悬吊术109例，每例患者术前均行清醒状态纤维喉镜下Muller检查、上气道的X线片或上气道CT测量，术前确定阻塞平面为腭-咽及舌-咽平面，但以舌-咽平面为主，均行UPPP联合舌骨悬吊术，术后均于ICU保留气管插管监护1～2d。

All patients were checked with a fiber optic laryngoscope of Muller and Xray or CT for upper air flue when they were in a waking state to locate the collapse level (oropharyngeal and palatopharyngeal level, most of them had an obstruction on the oropharyngeal level). After the UPPP, they were sent to the ICU and monitored with trachea cannula for 1 to 2days.

对重度OSAHS患者行UPPP联合舌骨悬吊术109例，每例患者术前均行清醒状态纤维喉镜下Muller检查、上气道的X线片或上气道CT测量，术前确定阻塞平面为腭-咽及舌-咽平面，但以舌-咽平面为主，均行UPPP联合舌骨悬吊术，术后均于ICU保留气管插管监护1～2d。

Hyoid suspension surgery can treat patients with OSAHS suffering from glossopharyngeal stegnosis by dragging the hyoid bone anteriorsuperiorly to enlarge the airway space on the glossopharyngeal plane.

舌骨悬吊术可通过向前上牵拉舌骨，扩大舌咽平面后气道间隙，达到治疗舌咽平面狭窄的部分OSAHS患者。

Continuing inferiorly and anteriorly , the main trunk runs superficial to the internal carotid artery but deep to the jugular vein , external carotid artery , and styloid process to the deep surface of the stylopharyngeus muscle , which it innervates . The glossopharyngeal branch to the pharyngeal plexlus leaves the nerve trunk by the time it has crossed the stylopharyngeus muscle , and passes anteriorly and inferiorly between the internal and external carotid arteries to the main trunk to join branches of the Vagus Nerve and the cervical sympathetic nerves to form the pharyngeal plexus on the middle constrictor muscle at the level of the hyoid bone .

舌咽神经主干继续向下、向前走行于颈内动脉的表面、颈内静脉、颈外动脉及茎突的深面，横过茎突咽肌深面，绕该肌中部下缘弯向前行，并发出分支支配该肌，穿过茎突咽肌后，舌咽神经的分支一咽支脱离主干，向下向前走行于颈内动脉及颈外动脉分叉处，与迷走神经的分支及颈交感神经的分支一起组成咽丛，咽丛位于舌骨水平的咽中缩肌上。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。