舌下神经

The identification of hypoglossal canal could be improved on MRI in comparison with CT.

在舌下神经管和舌下神经显示及影像诊断上MRI较CT有明显优势。

Especially, MRI was recommended to clarify whether hypoglossal nerve is invaded,so that the lesion, target volume could be accurately delineated.

MRI较CT 具有同时显示舌下神经管及舌下神经的优势，特别是对舌下神经麻痹的患者，可以很好判断病灶，有助于制定治疗计划。

Visualization of foramen rotundum,ovale,spinosum, hypoglossal canal and nerve in registration of CT and MRI

CT/MRI配准对圆孔，卵圆孔，棘孔，舌下神经管及舌下神经的显示

Abstract］ Background and purpose:The imaging of the skull base is challenging in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, through studying visualization and the appearance of foramen ovale,foramen rotundum,foramen spinosum,hypoglossal canal and nerve which can be identified on registration of CT and MRI for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, in order to define the target volume of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in radiotherapy planning.

为明确MRI对鼻咽癌颅底区域靶区显示的情况，分析无颅神经侵犯鼻咽癌患者的CT、MRI，比较圆孔、卵圆孔、棘孔、舌下神经管及舌下神经CT、MRI的显示情况和影像表现，探讨圆孔、卵圆孔及棘孔、舌下神经管及舌下神经在鼻咽癌放射治疗靶区勾画的意义。

Neuronal cell bodies and fibers with moderate mGluR7-LI were seen in the olfactory bulb,anterior olfactory nucleus,piriform cortex,septofimbrial nucleus,bed nucleus of the strial terminalis,lateral hypothalamic area,paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus,supramammillary nucleus,medial and lateral mammillary nuclei,most part of the thalamus,medial and lateral geniculate bodies,nucleus of the optic tract,red nucleus,substantia nigra,interpeduncular nucleus,pontine nuclei,lateral parabrachial nucleus,superior olivary complex,nucleus of the trapezoid body,motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve,facial nucleus,ambiguus nucleus,cochlear nucleus,vestibular nuclei,nucleus of the solitary tract,hypoglossal nucleus,prepositus hypoglossal nucleus,medullary reticular formation,Purkinje cells of the cerebellum,nucleus raphe obscurus,intermediolateral nucleus of the spinal cord,Onuf′s nucleus and lamina X of the spinal cord.

呈中等强度染色的神经元胞体和纤维见于嗅结节、前嗅核、梨状皮质、隔伞核、终纹床核、下丘脑外侧区、下丘脑室旁核、乳头体上核、乳头体内、外核、丘脑大部分核团、内外侧膝状体、视束核、红核、黑质、脚间核、桥核、臂旁外侧核、上橄榄复合体、斜方体核、三叉神经运动核、面神经核、疑核、耳蜗核、前庭核簇、楔束外核、孤束核、舌下神经核、舌下神经前置核、中缝隐核、延髓网状结构、小脑蒲肯野细胞层、脊髓中间带外侧核、Onuf核和中央管周围灰质。

RESULTS: The fibers of optic nerve projected to the dorsomedial side of suprachiasmatic nucleus and the fibers of hypoglossal nerve projected on the hypoglossal nucleus on dorsomedial portion of the medulla oblongate.

结果：视神经纤维投射到视交叉上核背内侧；舌下神经纤维投射到延髓背侧的舌下神经核区，结果显示神经元的胞体和轴突结构清晰。

Respiratory-related burst activities were recorded from hypoglossal nerve rootlets before and during superfusion of theslice preparation with L-Arginine, sodium nitroprusside or 7-nitro indazole (7-NI, an in-hibitor of NO synthase).

同时保留舌下神经根，用改良Kreb's液灌流脑片并记录与之相连的舌下神经根呼吸节律性放电(respiratory rhmical dischargeactivity，RRDA)，在灌流液中分别给予不同浓度的NO供体硝普钠(sodium nitroprusside，SNP)，NO合成前体L-精氨酸(L-Arrginine，L-Arg)以及神经元型一氧化氮合酶(neuronal nitric oxide synthase，nNOS)特异性抑制剂7-nitro indazole(7-MI)，观察其对RRDA的影响。

These results showed that IM is the most important medullary motor nuclei innervating the vccal organ, the origins of NⅫL (lingual n. of Ⅻ) and NⅫts (tracheosyringeal n. of Ⅻ)in IM were overlapping. And nⅨ-Ⅹ miglt play some...

结果表明，IM是支配鸽发声的重要运动核团，舌下神经的舌分支和气管鸣管分支在IM的投射大部分是交迭的，舌下神经中存在迷走神经的纤维成分，nⅨ—Ⅹ在鸽的摄食反馈和发声中可能具有一定的作用。

Results:(1) The two nerves were found anatomically related at 5～10 mm and 26～30 mm respectively following hypoglossal nerve entering the muscle.(2)The diameter of the two nerves were observed to match well with each other or with the main branches at 10 mm following the branching of hypoglossal nerve.(3) At 6～10 mm prior to the branching of hypoglossal nerve there was a branch going to the lingual muscles and plexiform of lingual nerve.

结果：(1)舌下神经与舌神经之间有二个恒定的联系部位，即舌下神经分支进入舌肌后最初5～10 mm处和26～30mm处；(2)舌下神经与舌神经最佳吻接部位，我们认为应在舌下神经主干分叉后10 mm左右；神经直径测量也发现神经直径与舌神经主干和分支直径较为匹配，且此区有利解剖，便于神经吻合；(3)舌下神经分叉之前，在神经干上方距分叉约6～10 mm处有一较固定分支，参与分布舌肌并与舌神经呈丛状结构。

Results:(1) The two nerves were found anatomically related at 5～10 mm and 26～30 mm respectively following hypoglossal nerve entering the muscle.

结果：(1)舌下神经与舌神经之间有二个恒定的联系部位，即舌下神经分支进入舌肌后最初5～10 mm处和26～30mm处；(2)舌下神经与舌神经最佳吻接部位，我们认为应在舌下神经主干分叉后10 mm左右；神经直径测量也发现神经直径与舌神经主干和分支直径较为匹配，且此区有利解剖，便于神经吻合；(3)舌下神经分叉之前，在神经干上方距分叉约6～10 mm处有一较固定分支，参与分布舌肌并与舌神经呈丛状结构。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。