致病的

Through investigation and study of the leaf blight disease of Lycium in 5 different areas in Mongolia, the pathogen was identified in-house as Alternaria tenuis Nees, biological characteristics of the pathogens, the bioassay of toxins from A. tenuis Nees, the pathogenic mechanism of toxin and the toxicity determination of the fungicide were studied.

通过对内蒙古5个不同地区枸杞叶枯病的调查研究，确定其致病菌为细链格孢菌，并对该菌的生物学特性、病原菌毒素活性检测、毒素的致病机理及几种药剂的室内毒力进行了研究。

The origins of the more irulent strains of Toxoplasma were first documented in a 2001 Science paper from Boothroyd's group; the researchers found that the recombination of two relatiely benign strains of Toxoplasma can result in a thousand-fold increase in their ability to cause serious disease.

Boothroyd等人在2001年《科学》的文章中记载了弓形虫毒性菌株的来源，他们发现将两种相对良性的弓形虫菌株重组后，新菌株的致病性呈千倍上升。

To clone new disease gene of CMT, many myelin and myelin-related gene had been analysised by homologue searching. Quaking mouse, one of the mutation mouse with the clinic feature similar to Trembler mouse (the gene mutation mouse of PMP22) with the characterization of demylination in both the central and the peripheral nervous system, its disease gene had just been cloned accession No.

为进一步克隆新的CMT致病基因，在分析出CMT已克隆的基因均为与髓鞘有关的基因后，通过筛选有关髓鞘基因，我们发现，quaking基因突变小鼠因髓鞘形成障碍而出现震颤，其中枢和周围神经均有脱髓鞘，类似于PMP22基因突变鼠"Trembler"的临床表现。

This test studied some biological and bionomical characteristics of this pest, including life stages,developmental threshold and day-degree requirements,longevity,NO.

本文研究了西花蓟马的生活史、发育起点温度和有效积温、成虫寿命、产卵量和产卵规律、不同虫态的存活率、实验种群生命表、活动习性、危害特点、寄主选择性、种群动态等生物学和生态学特性，调查了西花蓟马在北京的分布、为害规律及嗜食特性等，并对色卡诱集技术、虫生真菌对该虫的致病性等一些防治技术进行了初步研究，主要结果如下。

Six different deletion and insertion mutants of BBSV-X were constructed and these were inoculated to Chenopodium amaranticolor. The preliminary results show that the sat-RNA could enhance symptom of BBSV-X and its insertion mutants on Chenopodium amaranticolor, but the pathogenicity of the CP deletion mutants was reduced.

构建了BBSV-X基因组6个缺失和插入突变体，将它们的体外转录物单独或与sat-RNA一起混合接种苋色藜，初步实验结果表明，sat-RNA能增强全长BBSV-X基因组及含全长基因组的突变体对苋色藜所致的症状，但减轻CP缺失突变体的致病性。

The high prevalence of resistance to chicken sera, fimbriae F1, temperature-sensitive hemagglutinin in high pathogenic isolates suggested importance of these phenotypes in the pathogenesis of colibacillosis.

结果显示禽源大肠杆菌的致病性与其血清耐受能力、鸡红细胞MSHA菌手的表达和温度敏感性血凝素的表达呈一定的相关关系。

The above results can summarize the function of STK1: insignificant effect on mycelium development and growth but related to the pigment accumulation in hypha; key factor regulating the conidial development; related to the HT-toxin activity and pathogenicity.

结论推测，STK1基因对玉米大斑病菌菌丝的生长发育没有影响，但可能与菌丝中色素等物质的积累有关，并调控病菌分生孢子的发育、HT-毒素的活性和致病性。

Strains YL001 and YL002 formed a monophyletic clade with strains of X. nematophilus with sequence homology outweighing 99% and the sequence homology to genus Photorhabdus outweighing 94%. The lag, logarithmic, stationary and contabescence phase of the two bacteria were 0-6, 6-18, 18-66 and 66 h respectively; pH of strains YL001 and YL002 reduced to 5.70 and 5.56 at 12 h, respectively, and then rose gradually to 7.74 and 8.07 respectively when culture finished. Glucose content reduced quickly during 0-18 h, and then kept stable. Amido nitrogen content reached the lowest at 12 h and then rose slowly. YL001 exhibited the highest inhibitory effects at 54 h and YL002 exhibited highest inhibitory effects at 42 and 66 h respectively on B. cirerea and B. subtilis. Strains YL001 and YL002 belonged to X.

YL001和YL002菌株与嗜线虫致病杆菌种内菌株形成一个类群，序列同源性大于99%，与发光杆菌属内菌株的序列同源性大于94%。2菌株的延缓期、对数生长期、稳定期和衰亡期分别为0~6，6~18，18~66和66 h；培养12 h后，YL001和YL002菌株发酵液的pH值分别降低至5.70和5.56，此后逐渐上升，至发酵结束时其pH值分别为7.74和8.07；培养0~18 h时2菌株发酵液中还原糖含量迅速降低，此后保持稳定；12 h时氨基氮含量达到最低，此后开始缓慢上升；YL001菌株培养54 h后及YL002菌株培养42和66 h后，其对番茄灰霉病菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑制作用最强。

The antifungal activities of these materials were investigated and build foundation to develop low poison plant antifungal products. In experiment, polyphenols were extracted by reflux ectraction method which applyed petroleum ether to degrease and methyl alcohol solvent. Phenolic hydroxyl were examined and inspected by colour-developing reaction and the content of total polyphenols was determined by UV-spectrophotometry. Screening test were performed to the antifungal activities of polyphenol extraction by the tube dilution method to the selected ten pathogenic fungus such as Dothiorella gregaria, Rhizoctonia solani, Phyllosticta pirina, and the minimal inhibitory concentration were measured. The column chromatography and thin layer chromatography were applyed to separate and analyse cortex extracts of Dracaena cochinchinensi Lour.

实验部分采用以石油醚脱脂，甲醇为溶剂的回流提取法来提取植物多酚，用显色反应检识酚羟基；采用紫外分光光度法对多酚粗体物进行总多酚含量的测定；选取了聚生小穴壳菌、立枯丝核菌、梨叶点霉等10株常见农林业致病真菌，采用试管液基稀释法对多酚粗提取物进行了抗真菌活性筛选试验，并测定其最低抑菌浓度；采用柱层析法和薄层层析法对其中抑菌效果较好的龙血竭进行分离分析，根据其中3种化合物的光谱数据UV、IR、~(13C-NMR、1H-NMR和MS鉴定其结构。

The applications of DGGE were mainly introduced among the food microbiology field,in assessing microbial communities in fermented product s and variations during food fermentation,differentiating ferme.

本文概述 DGGE 的基本原理、发展和应用现状；着重阐述该技术在评价发酵食品的细菌群落组成和动态变化、区分发酵食品、控制食品质量、检测食源性致病微生物等食品微生物研究领域中的应用；进一步展望了 DGGE 技术在食品研究领域的应用前景。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。