致敏原

Peanut being served as a model of oil-plants (such as soybean, sesame seed, sunflower seed, et al) and nuts (such as hazelnut, almond, pistachio, cashew nut, walnut), our research project is aiming for developing a practical method for quality control of food allergen preparation and providing identifying standards.

花生作为油料作物和坚果类食物（如核桃、榛子、杏仁、开心果、腰果等）的代表，上述有关花生变应原的抗原性及致敏组份的研究，其目的在于摸索并提供可行的食物变应原的质量评价方法，为促进食物变应原特别是花生变应原的标准化提供科学的参考依据。

Methods PIWIL4 peptide was synthesized using chemical method, and conjugated to Keyhole limpet hemocyanin as immunogen.

方法合成特异性PIWIIA多肽，以马来酰胺活化匙孔血蓝蛋白作为载体构建多肽免疫原，通过致敏大白兔，制备兔抗人PIWIIA多克隆抗体，然后用亲和层析法纯化抗体。

The results indicate that the larger the concentration of chitosan in the capsules is the slower the release rate of capsule. The biocompatibility tests of the three heparin microcapcules/PLA composite materials show that all materials are negative and have no obvious toxicity. There is no potential hypersusceptibility substance in materials, and the content of pyrogen is conforming to the requirement of organisms.

三种微囊与PLA的复合材料经皮肤刺激试验、皮内刺激试验、热原试验、全身急性毒性试验和细胞培养试验，结果表明，所制备的复合材料在生物学评价试验中均呈阴性反应，材料无明显毒性，材料中不存在潜在致敏性物质，所含热原含量符合生物体的要求。

Methods Deoxidize method of the trisodium of citrate was used to prepare colloid golden pellet,and label Staphylococcus aureus protein A;Using the soluble antigen of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to sensitize pyroxylin membrane,then prepare immuno- chromatographic diagnosis test paper used in clinical serum specimen detection.

方法采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒，并标记金黄色葡萄球菌蛋白A；用支原体肺炎可溶性蛋白抗原致敏硝酸纤维素膜；组装成免疫色层析法诊断试纸，用于临床血清标本检测。

The immune level tested in different time after injection with ginkgolic acids in sensitization mode showed that the expression of CD3〓 and CD4〓T lymphocytes increased, but CD8〓 was restrained, while the B lymphocytes was also increased. The results suggested that sensitivity was approved and T lymphocytes proliferation was induced, which strength cell immunity responsion, at the same time B lymphocytes was differentiated to IgE antibody-producing cells when contacted with ginkgolic acids as allergen.

大鼠经致敏方式接触银杏酸后，在不同时间的细胞免疫水平与体液免疫水平的研究结果表明，大鼠CD3〓及CD4〓T淋巴细胞的表达增加，而CD8〓T淋巴细胞的表达受到明显抑制，同时参与体液免疫的B淋巴细胞百分率呈增高趋势，提示银杏酸可能作为变应原使机体敏感性增强，诱导T细胞分裂增殖，增强细胞免疫应答，同时促进B细胞增殖分化成IgE抗体产生细胞。

Based on relative literatures,this part has included five resesearch aspects as below.1 Fifteen compounds were isolated and purified by extraction,column chromatography,and their structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis: acteoside(Ⅰ-1),isoacteoside(Ⅰ-2),crenatoside(Ⅰ-3),cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4),sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5),adenosine(Ⅰ-6),β-siterol(Ⅰ-7),oleanic acid(Ⅰ-8), succinic acid(Ⅰ-9),caffeic acid(Ⅰ-10),protocatechuic aldehyde(Ⅰ-11),p-hydro xybenzyl alcohol(Ⅰ-12),β-daucosterol(Ⅰ-13),D-galacitol(Ⅰ-14),D-mannitol(Ⅰ-15).Ⅰ-4～15 were obtained from this plant for the first time,andⅠ-6,7,9,and 13 were isolated from Orobanche genus for the first time.2 The scavenging test of DPPH showed that most compounds have comparative antioxidant activity as L-ascorbic acid and part of them show better activity such as the O.coerulescens extract and phenylethanoid glycosides.Acteoside showed potent free radical scavenging effects with a median inhibition concentration of 25.6μg/ml.3 The anti-HBV activities of acteoside,isoacteoside and crenatoside were measured,and all of them showed suppressive activity on the expression of HBsAg and HBeAg in the HepG2.2.15 cell line.

本论文在文献调研基础上对紫花列当化学成分及生物活性进行了研究，并从免疫抗病毒角度探讨紫花列当中特征性成分类叶升麻苷的肝保护作用及其机制。1采用大孔树脂、硅胶和Sephadex LH-20等色谱技术对紫花列当进行系统的植物化学研究，从中分离得到19个化合物，利用UV和NMR等波谱手段及理化性质鉴定了其中的15个化合物，分别为类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-1)、异类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-2)、crenatoside(Ⅰ-3)、cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4)、sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5)、腺苷(Ⅰ-6)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ-7)、齐墩果酸(Ⅰ-8)、琥珀酸(Ⅰ-9)、咖啡酸(Ⅰ-10)、原儿茶醛(Ⅰ-11)、对羟甲基苯甲酸(Ⅰ-12)、β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅰ-13)、D-半乳糖醇(Ⅰ-14)和甘露醇(Ⅰ-15除化合物Ⅰ-1、Ⅰ-2和Ⅰ-3外，其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。2)通过大孔树脂富集该药材有效部位苯乙醇总苷，并采用HPLC测得其所含特征性成分类叶升麻苷的含量可达80%以上。3DPPH自由基清除试验显示紫花列当提取物及其所含的苯乙醇苷类化合物均具有较好的抗氧化能力，其清除DPPH自由基能力接近于抗坏血酸。4采用卡介苗整体致敏、脂多糖离体攻击构建大鼠原代肝细胞免疫性损伤模型，在体外观察类叶升麻苷的保肝作用。

The Platanus pollen allergen had six kinds of main proteins and the proteins of 50, 39, 22 kd in the first peak were the major allergenic components and that of 16 kd in ascending part of second peak was the minor allergenic components.

结论悬铃木属花粉变应原含有6种主要蛋白成分，第一峰的50、39和22 kd的蛋白质为主要致敏组分，第二峰升段的16kd蛋白质为次要致原。

Epinephrine should be prescribed for children who have experienced anaphylaxis who may re-encounter the trigger in the community.

曾经历过速发型过敏反应的儿童可能在社区再次遇到致敏原，应当为其开出肾上腺素处方。

This is negative, the proper use of cosmetics and skin care necessary, it can enhance the skin's resistance to the allergens.

这种做法是消极的，恰当地使用化妆品和必要的皮肤护理，可以增强皮肤对致敏原的抵抗力。

Discuss all past reactions with the health care proider ;aoid all known substances that may cause an allergic shock reaction;（2）wear an ID bracelet to alert bystanders and medical personnel ;carrying an allergy kit all time for self-treatment when necessary,make sure your friends;relaties and co-workers know what to do in case help is needed;if you are experiencing allergic shock and waiting for help,lie down and raise the legs aboe the heart leel to increase blood circulation to the brain and heart;begin CPR on anyone haing an allergic shock reaction who stop breathing.

discuss all past reactions with the health care proider避免接触已知的致敏原，wear an ID bracelet to alert bystanders and medical personnel；随身携带一个用于自救的治疗过敏的用具包，确认你的朋友、亲戚和工友知道当急救的方法。当你过敏性休克在等待帮助时，你最好躺下来，将下肢抬高至心脏水平以上，来增加大脑和心脏的循环血量。当发生心跳停止时，要立刻进行心肺脑复苏。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。