致冷的

The introduced model can simulate both the steady state and the transient temperature field of the top surface of the thermal sensitive layer on a bolometer detector.

本文主要介绍用有限元数值分析的方法对非致冷红外测辐射热计探测器的温度分布进行计算，其有限元模型可以对测辐射热计探测器热敏层表面的稳态和瞬态温度场进行仿真。

The working principle of the system and signal flow of joint board, DSP board and display board were analyzed in detail.

研究了一种基於ADSP21060和FPGA的非致冷红外成像与智慧跟踪的模块化高速实时红外图像处理系统，分析了该系统中接口板、DSP板和显示板之间的系统工作原理和信号流向。

To be key issue, magnetic refrigeration material has played an important role in the technology.

磁致冷材料作为其中的关键技术，它的发展具有举足轻重的作用。

While Port Moresby, the capital, and other towns on the coast are quite hot in the summer months, temperatures are considerable cooler in the Highlands.

当莫尔斯比港、首都和海岸的其他镇在夏天月时是相当热的，温度是在高地的可观的致冷机。

To sum up, the research for the first time ascertained INA species in apricot trees and their activities by using the rational method to imatate the temperature dropping process in frost nights--computer temperature controlling with semiconductor cooling and artificial frost box with self-recording. Studies were given to responds of INA to freezing temperature of floral organs, biochemical cold resistance parameters, contents of ABA and IAA, chlorophyll fluorescent parameters of young fruits and tissue structure and ultrastructure of apricot. The mechnism of INA induced frost injury of apricot was found out. And it was demonstrated that INA is a critical factor in the inducing and aggravation frost injury of apricot floral organs.

综上所述，本研究采用能够准确模拟自然界霜夜降温过程的较为理想的方法——半导体致冷电脑控温和自动记录的人工霜箱，首次查明了10个杏树品种上INA细菌种类和冰核活性，从INA细菌对杏树花器官过冷却点、抗寒生理生化指标、激素ABA、IAA含量、幼果叶绿素荧光参数以及组织结构和超微结构的影响等方面进行了系统深入的研究，阐明了INA细菌诱发杏树霜冻害的机理，证明了INA细菌是诱发和加重杏花霜冻害的重要因素。

The stable and reliable operation voltage of the probe can be given by the following methods:(1) 20% light coupling efficiency is obtained by direct coupling of LD-optical fiber.(2) The light power is transmitted by multi-model optical fiber.(3) The largest photo-electric conversion efficiency is achieved by selecting the transformer regulation of step-up transformer.(4) The stable light intensity is achieved by using LD light feedback of driving circuit and refrigeration.

通过下述方法可提供稳定、可靠的探头工作电压：LD—光纤的直接耦合方式，可实现20％左右的光耦合效率；采用多模光纤传输功率；选择升压变压器最佳变比提高光电转换效率；采取LD驱动电路光反馈以及致冷措施使其发光幅值稳定。

The ferroelectrics with photoelectronic, acoustooptic, and nonlinear optical effects are good candidate for constructing optical switches, power splitters, couplers, filters, frequency doublers, and integrated photonic devices. Especially, the newly developed fabrication technology for ferroelectric-based photonic crystals renders a perspective application of ferroelectric materials in photonic band-gap engineering.

具有热释电效应的铁电物质是制作新一代非致冷红外探测器的理想材料；利用铁电体的电光、声光和非线性光学效应，可构建光开关、功分器、耦合器、滤波器、倍频器等无源光学元器件或集成光子器件；特别是近年来发展的铁电光子晶体制备技术对推动和拓展铁电氧化物在光子带隙工程领域的应用带来了新的希望。

In this study, we use the thermoelectric cooler whose surface temperature can be controlled by adjusting the direction and magnitude of its current to improve the cold stage and cooling system of a cryomicroscope system. The temperature control circuit and the integrated software were also elaborated to make the cryomicroscope a modular system which is convenient to use.

本研究利用调整热电致冷晶片的电流大小与方向即可控制表面温度升降之特性，将其应用於低温显微镜系统的冷冻台及冷却系统改良设计，同时配合温控电路与软体程式达到升降温之控制，最后并将整个系统模组化以增加使用上的便利性。

New video cardis separated by the cooling system X -Turbo, which includes the element of Peltier.

新的视频卡分离的冷却系统的X涡轮，其中包括部分致冷（热电芯片，过渡时期行政委员会）。

Extra virgin olive oil is obtained by chilling the olives that are found in the foothills of Umbria and these are picked annually and entirely by hand.

特级轻榨优质橄榄油是通过致冷在翁布里亚山麓找到的橄榄而获得的，这些橄榄是年年完全靠手工采摘的。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。