致冷

It was indicated that the effect of crystal orientation on interfacial stability is because of the different atomic bond number formed in the solidification of liquid atoms on different crystal planes, which affects the decrease of system energy, and affects the effective jump frequency of liquid atom migration to solid interface and solid atom migration to liquid, and finally affects the solute distribution in the front of liquid-solid interface and composition undercooling.

研究表明，晶体取向对凝固界面稳定性的影响是由于液相原子在不同晶面结晶面上沉积时形成的原子键不同，影响了系统自由能的降低，影响了液相原子迁移至固相界面上的有效跳动频率和固相原子迁移至液相中的有效跳动频率，影响了液固相界面前沿的溶质分布和成分过冷所致。

The field electron emission measurement indicates that this kind of film can be a new cold cathode material.

场致电子发射实验显示类石墨薄膜作为冷阴极电子材料具有潜在的应用价值。

In the case of N132D, the horseshoe shape of the remnant is thought to be due to shock waves from the collision of the supernova ejecta with cool giant gas clouds.

在 N132D 中，遗迹的马蹄铁状外观据信是因超新星抛出物与巨大的冷分子云相撞所致的。

It is shown that the amorphous diamond films have very low effective work function of 1. 0eV and have a negative electron affinity of-0.2eV.

由于优异的场致电子发射性能，使得这种a-D膜作为一种新型的冷阴极材料在平板显示器等真空微电子器件中的应用成为可能。

If I wait 10 minute for prep, I feel VERY good about my chances against him because I can do a blind lock after the initial garrote combo, or even premed garrote backstab rupture vanish + premed ambush cb evis vanish before the real stunlock begins.

因为刚才的上绞喉时的连击点能让他很舒服的进行一次致盲晕锁，或者甚至再使用预谋+伏击+冷血 TG，然后再真正开始晕锁（盗贼真都有点虐待癖--没办法，先手的优势

It has been found that during the spark plasma sintering process, under the condition of large current, short sintering time and lower sintering temperature, the metastable icosahedron quasicrystal phase in primary powder particles is kept. And the strong discharge plasma among particles can decompose or break the oxide film on the primary powder's surface, resulting in the increment of their combination strength. So the as-prepared bulk alloy possesses high density and ultra-high strength.

结果表明，在放电等离子烧结过程中，采用大电流、短时、低温的烧结条件可使快冷雾化法制备的原始合金粉末中的准晶强化相及其它细小强化相得以保存，而局域强放电等离子体可以分解或破碎铝合金粉末表面的氧化膜，使合金粉末颗粒间的结合强度增加，制备出的块体铝合金具有高的致密度和超高强度。

Methods: This research based on the viewpoints of three theories, namely, the combination of exopathogens and inpathogens, coldness of body and drinking cold tends to impair lung, and overstrain leading to consumption of qi, combining with asthmatic nosogenesis of modern medicine.

依据"外内合邪"、"形寒饮冷则伤肺"、"劳则气耗"等观点，结合现代医学支气管哮喘致病原理，在冬季寒冷环境中，以冰水及寒性饮食饲养大鼠，配以冰水游泳，卵蛋白致敏的方法，建立支气管哮喘病寒饮蕴肺证大鼠模型。

The driver consists of magnetostrictive rod, front magnetic pole end cap, back magnetic pole end cap, exciting winding, micro displacement output head, casing, fixed end cap, front end cap, spring, winding tap, flat spiral pipe, water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe. The water cooler of the present invention is formed through inserting one end of some metal pipe into positioning hole of spindle, installing rolling tool onto tool carrier, adjusting the lathe to the pitch of the flat spiral pipe and starting the lathe to complete the extruding formation of the flat spiral pipe.

本发明的驱动器包括有磁致伸缩棒(7)，前磁极端盖(3)，后磁极端盖(10)，励磁线圈(5)，微位移输出头(1)，壳体(12)，固定端盖(9)、前端盖(2)，弹簧(13)，及线圈抽头(11)，螺旋扁管(6)，入水管(8)和出水管(4)；本发明的水冷装置的成型方法为把金属圆管的一端插入芯轴(18)的定位孔(23)中，将滚压工具(20)安装在刀架上，调整车床的加工螺距与螺旋扁管(6)的螺距相等，启动车床，完成整个螺旋扁管的挤压成型。

Resultantly, the individual warm/cold events in ENSO cycle appear to be partially locked to the annual cycle, and also exhibit obvious irregularity both in amplitude and in lasting time.

本文第四章研制设计了一包含海洋表面边界层和大气辐合反馈过程的热带太平洋海气耦合异常模式，进而利用该模式对ENSO循环进行了较为真实的模拟，通过对模式ENSO循环的演变特征及其形成机制的细致分析，建立了-ENSO循环的非线性分析模式，并提出了ENSO循环形成的一种更为客观的理论，指出：1）和观测事实类似，模式ENSO循环确实涉及了三种主要时间尺度过程即LF、QB和AC，其中LF为3-4年主周期振荡，QB占总方差10～20%；2）ENSO循环的正反馈机制是不稳定海气相互作用过程，且这一不稳定过程的发展在暖态中明显强于冷态；3）ENSO循环的负反馈机制在冷暖态中表现不同，在冷态消亡过程中，这种负反馈过程主要表现为西边界反射产生的时滞效应，但在暖态消亡过程中不存在类似的时滞效应，其负反馈过程主要表现为在海气耦合不稳定充分发展时伴随的赤道两侧冷水上翻过程的加强以及非线性过程的衰减作用抑制了不稳定的发展并最终使得系统回复至冷态；4）ENSO循环的3-4年主周期振荡是一非线性系统的自激振荡现象，其形成是线性系统的本征模即准两年振荡通过非线性机制产生的周期加倍所致，其中&单向性&大气辐合反馈加热过程对其形成至关重要；5）虽然年循环过程对ENSO循环形成没有本质影响，但它可明显影响ENSO循环的具体振幅和位相，使得ENSO对季节循环有明显的&锁相&特征，并且也使得ENSO循环在振幅大小和时间长短方面呈现出明显的不规则性。

Cycle process, efficiency of heat engine, refrigerator coefficient, Carnot cycle, thermodynamic second law and its physical meaning.

循环过程，热机效率，致冷系数，卡诺循环；热力学第二定律及其物理意义。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。