至高的

The son of a father to whom history will accord certain attenuating circumstances, but also as worthy of esteem as that father had been of blame; possessing all private virtues and many public virtues; careful of his health, of his fortune, of his person, of his affairs, knowing the value of a minute and not always the value of a year; sober, serene, peaceable, patient; a good man and a good prince; sleeping with his wife, and having in his palace lackeys charged with the duty of showing the conjugal bed to the bourgeois, an ostentation of the regular sleeping-apartment which had become useful after the former illegitimate displays of the elder branch; knowing all the languages of Europe, and, what is more rare, all the languages of all interests, and speaking them; an admirable representative of the "middle class," but outstripping it, and in every way GRE ater than it; possessing excellent sense, while appreciating the blood from which he had sprung, counting most of all on his intrinsic worth, and, on the question of his race, very particular, declaring himself Orleans and not Bourbon; thoroughly the first Prince of the Blood Royal while he was still only a Serene Highness, but a frank bourgeois from the day he became king; diffuse in public, concise in private; reputed, but not proved to be a miser; at bottom, one of those economists who are readily prodigal at their own fancy or duty; lettered, but not very sensitive to letters; a gentleman, but not a chevalier; simple, calm, and strong; adored by his family and his household; a fascinating talker, an undeceived statesman, inwardly cold, dominated by immediate interest, always governing at the shortest range, incapable of rancor and of gratitude, making use without mercy of superiority on mediocrity, clever in getting parliamentary majorities to put in the wrong those mysterious unanimities which mutter dully under thrones; unreserved, sometimes imprudent in his lack of reserve, but with marvellous address in that imprudence; fertile in expedients, in countenances, in masks; making France fear Europe and Europe France!

他的父亲在历史上固然只能得到一个低微的地位，但他本人是值得敬重的，正如他父亲值得受谴责。他有全部私德和好几种公德。他关心自己的健康、自己的前程、自己的安全、自己的事业。他认识一分钟的价值，却不一定认识一年的价值。节俭，宁静，温良，能干，好好先生和好好亲王。和妻子同宿，在他的王宫里有仆从负责引导绅商们去参观他们夫妇的卧榻（在当年嫡系专爱夸耀淫风以后，这种展示严肃家规的作法是有好处的）。他能懂并且能说欧洲的任何种语言，尤其难得的是能懂能说代表各种利益的语言。他是&中等阶级&的可钦佩的代言人，但又超出了它，并且，从所有各方面看，都比它更伟大。他尽管尊重自己的血统，但又聪敏过人，特别重视自身的真实价值，尤其是在宗枝问题上，他宣称自己属于奥尔良系，不属于波旁系；当他还只是个至宁极静亲王殿下的时候，他俨然以直系亲王自居，一旦成了国王陛下，却又是个诚实的平民。在大众面前，不拘形迹，与友朋相处，平易近人；有吝啬的名声，但未经证实；其实，他原不难为自己的豪兴或职责而从事挥霍，但他能勤俭持家。有文学修养，但不大关心文采；为人倜傥而不风流，朴素安详而又坚强。受到家人和族人的爱戴，谈吐娓娓动听，是一个知过能改、内心冷淡、服从目前利益、事必躬亲、不知报怨也不知报德、善于无情地利用庸材来削弱雄才，利用议会中的多数来挫败那些在王权下面隐隐责难的一致意见。爱说真心话，真心话有时说得不谨慎，不谨慎处又有非凡的高明处。善于随机应变，富于面部表情，长于装模作样。

In about a century' s time, their livelihood of swidden agriculture has been changing greatly along with the natural and social environment change. Before 1950s, as a minor group frequently move in the subtropical mountainous area characterized by scarce arable land, high forest coverage rate and sparse population, Kemu people has long been engaged in swidden agriculture which was simple, called for no sophisticated production tools and was suitable for frequent movement. At that time, they adapted to the environment change mainly by moving frequently from one place to another, and their livelihood was featured by complete dependence on environment, frequent movement and swiddening without continuous cultivation. From 1950s to early 1970s, their way of adaptation changed into migration within defined territory and shortterm fallow featured by complete dependence on environment, migration within limited area and short fallow. In early 1970s, they leaned from outside to cultivate irrigated fields and plant cash forest and their livelihood was featured by complete dependence on environment and agro-forestry.

近一个世纪以来，随着其所处自然环境和社会环境的变迁，其刀耕火种的生计方式在不断地变化：20世纪50年代以前，作为频繁迁徙于山多地少、森林覆盖率高、人烟稀少的热带、亚热带山区的弱小族群，以开发容易，便于流动作业不需要复杂生产设施的刀耕火种为其传统的生计方式，主要以迁徙的方式对环境变迁进行调适，其刀耕火种生计方式的特征表现为完全依赖型、随意迁徙型、无轮作型；20世纪50年代至70年代，其主要以固定区域内迁徙和短期轮作的方式对环境变迁进行调适，其刀耕火种生计方式的特征表现为完全依赖型、在固定区域迁徙型、短期轮作型刀耕火种；20世纪70年代初，其主要以外文化——开拓水田及人工造林的方式对环境变迁进行调适，其刀耕火种生计方式的特征表现为部分依赖型、粮林轮作型刀耕火种；20世纪80年代以后，其主要以发展橡胶种植业对环境变迁进行调适，其刀耕火种生计方式的特征表现为暂时依赖型刀耕火种。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。