自由思想

After the intermediate stage in the Medieval Europe, the deed theories of Hebrew culture was not only enormously promoted the economic development , with contracting freedom inherited from the ancient Rome culture, Moreover, it had expedited the people sovereignty theories. After the combination of the neoteric commodity economy with the theories of Christianity"s original sin, belief doctrine, and the wealth view, which gave birth to the supreme status of constitution, and the conception of equality, freedom, and so on. Christianity"s wealth view (especially the Protestantism ethics) enormously promoted the capitalism expansion and finally forms the conception that private property are sacrosanctity. The ideology of successive authority restriction from Christianity, and the Christianitys exercise to partial legislative power and jurisdiction power, combined with autonomous cities based on commodity economy, and the political phenomenon that merchants exerted legislative power and jurisdiction power. Those had made the mundane ruler such as king, and so on, could only take the exertion of tax revenue power as the main symbol administrative authorities. It provided historical and psychological foundation for the birth of modern decentralization theories .

希伯来文化中的"约"和古罗马的契约自由不仅极大地促进中世纪中期以后欧洲商品经济的发展，而且催生了人民主权理念；基督教的"原罪说"、信仰主义和财富观等与近代商品经济的结合，生成了宪法至上及平等、自由等权利观念；基督教的财富观极大地促进了资本主义扩大再生产的实现并最终形成私有财产神圣不可侵犯的财产权观念；基督教会传承的权力制约思想及基督教会对部分立法权和司法权的行使，与建立在商品经济基础上的自治城市及商人行使立法权、司法权等政治现象相耦合，使得国王等世俗的统治者习惯于只行使以税收权为主要标志的行政权，为近代分权学说的产生和分权制度的建立提供了历史和心理的基础。

From my brother Severus, to love my kin, and to love truth, and to love justice; and through him I learned to know Thrasea, Helvidius, Cato, Dion, Brutus; and from him I received the idea of a polity in which there is the same law for all, a polity administered with regard to equal rights and equal freedom of speech, and the idea of a kingly government which respects most of all the freedom of the governed; I learned from him also consistency and undeviating steadiness in my regard for philosophy; and a disposition to do good, and to give to others readily, and to cherish good hopes, and to believe that I am loved by my friends; and in him I observed no concealment of his opinions with respect to those whom he condemned, and that his friends had no need to conjecture what he wished or did not wish, but it was quite plain.

从我的兄弟西维勒斯，我懂得了爱我的亲人，爱真理，爱正义；从他，我知道了思雷西亚、黑尔维蒂厄斯、加图、戴昂、布鲁特斯；从他我接受了一种以同样的法对待所有人、实施权利平等和言论自由平等的政体的思想，和一种最大范围地尊重被治者的所有自由的王者之治的观念；我也从他那里获得一种对于哲学的始终一贯和坚定不移的尊重，一种行善的品质，为人随和，抱以善望，相信自己为朋友所爱；我也看到他从不隐瞒他对他所谴责的那些人的意见，他的朋友无需猜测他的意愿；这些意愿是相当透明的。

On this reading, it is not difficult to reconcile his utilitarianism with his liberal justice.

这正是密尔的自由正义思想的不同凡响之处。也正是在这个基础上，他的功利主义与其自由的正义达到了某种程度的一致。

AREOPAGITICA Let her and Falsehood grapple; who ever knew Truth put to the worse in a free and open encounter?

让真理和谬误相互打斗吧，谁会怀疑在开放自由的对决中真理会输给谬误？他认为在自由的思想环境中真理总会胜利。

Yield rule, intensify rule, fluxion rule, types of contact and diathermanous model of metal cutting were also analyzed detailedly.

本文在直角自由切削过程分析的基础上，讨论了金属切削过程中的弹塑性变形理论和温度场理论，详细分析了屈服准则、强化准则、流动准则、金属切削传热模型、接触类型等问题，并利用有限元的基本思想，建立了直角自由切削应力场和温度场的有限元模型，进行了状态非线性、材料非线性和几何非线性的热力耦合分析，重点研究了切屑分离标准的确定、表面接触类型的处理等问题。

Based on the analysis of the process of free orthogonal metal cutting, the theory of elastic-plastic distortion and temperature field was discussed. Yield rule, intensify rule, fluxion rule, types of contact and diathermanous model of metal cutting were also analyzed detailedly. The FEA model of stress field and temperature field of free orthogonal metal cutting were established by the fundamental idea of FEA. State nonlinear, material nonlinear and geometry nonlinear thermal-stress coupling were analyzed by FEA technology. The separate criterion of chip and dispose of contact types were research emphatically.

本文在直角自由切削过程分析的基础上，讨论了金属切削过程中的弹塑性变形理论和温度场理论，详细分析了屈服准则、强化准则、流动准则、金属切削传热模型、接触类型等问题，并利用有限元的基本思想，建立了直角自由切削应力场和温度场的有限元模型，进行了状态非线性、材料非线性和几何非线性的热力耦合分析，重点研究了切屑分离标准的确定、表面接触类型的处理等问题。

I argued that respect for liberty is at a historic low in America and Europe, where governments think nothing of introducing 42-day detention without charge, spying on us through CCTV cameras or email surveillance, and bringing in new thought crimes – and therefore asking President Bush or our own beleaguered PM to pressurise China to "embrace liberty" was a bit like "asking Rose West to open a halfway house for young runaways".

我提出，对美国和欧洲来说，目前对自由的尊重正处于历史低潮，42天无理关押，CCTV的监控器，邮件监视，以及新思想的罪行，对那些政府来说这无关紧要——对此我认为，布什总统或者我们那位焦头烂额的首相要求中国&拥抱自由&的做法，有点像&请罗斯·韦斯特太太为离家出走的年轻人开启一个驿站&。

Comparative study of squamous cell carcinoma of the eyelids in blacks and albinos;2. Staged on a society permeated with racial discrimination in the 1930s, the novel A Lesson before Dying depicted two Blacks,Jefferson and Grant,who worked through their anger and fears to become men.

在盖恩斯的小说《死前一课》中，主人公杰斐逊和格兰特在死亡面前重新审视黑人的身份，最终认识到拥有思想的自由才能拥有身体的自由，从而揭示白人的&神话&不过是一个谎言。

This proved far too optimistic for the post-Cold War world, and even in Central Europe, where liberal democracy did emerge, the dramatic events that brought it about were messier and chancier than the dreams of neo-conservative philosophers.

这证明了对后冷战世界的太过乐观，甚至在自由民主主义出现的欧洲中心区域，引发这一自由民主思想生成的给人以深刻印象的事件要比新保守主义的哲学家的梦想更加棘手难办、更为跌宕不安。

This action connoted by a liberal education lies wholly apart from what Newman claims is the danger of his own time: the enfeebling of the mind by a unmeaning profusion of subjects, as if we could be almost unconsciously enlightened by the mere multiplication of volumes.

这些被自由教育（不同于纽曼主张的自由教育）谎言指引的行为，是他生活中的一大危险：让一大堆无用的学科消磨着思想，就像我们可以几乎无意识地被细微变化启发。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。