自由作家

Many Americans began to search for their ancestors after seeing the 1977 TV program Roots, which dramatized author Alex Haley's family history, from Africa, through slavery in America, to freedom.

许多美国人开始为他们的祖先在1977年的搜索后看到的电视节目根，其中戏剧作家亚历阿莱斯家族史来自非洲，通过在美国奴役，自由。

Popular author and Irish Republican Army member Robert Erskine Childers is executed by an Irish Free State firing squad for illegally carrying a revolver.

1922年，著名作家同时也是爱尔兰共和军成员的罗伯特·厄尔斯金·丘德尔斯，被爱尔兰自由政府的行刑队执行了枪决，罪名是非法携带一支左轮手枪。

Coast Guard to become a freelance writer, I had no prospects at all.

当我辞去从事了20年的美国海岸守卫队的工作而成为一名自由栏目的作家，我就变得没有前途了。

But his real reputation as a writer beganin 1844, when he published a lengthy article in defense of free tradeand then a monograph on Cobden and the League: The English Movement forFree Trade.

但直到他于1844年发表一篇保卫自由贸易长文，然后是一篇名为《Cobdenand the League： The English Movement for FreeTrade》的论文，才开始享有作家的声誉。

ABSTRACT After the ebb-tide of the May 4th Movement, the Chinese modern thoughts and literary circles went from relative unity towards diversity Up to the 1930's, behind the spirit transformation at the end of the twenties, Chinese modern intellectuals began to relocate and redesign their own outlooks on life and literary ideal The Lunyu School, which was led by Zhou Zuoren and Lin Yutang, mostly appeared as leisure humorous essays in some journals, such as Lun Yu, Ren Jian Shi and Yu Zhou Feng which was edited by Lin Yutang It formed an unique landscape at that time This thesis focused on the Lunyu School as the main object of my study I investigate the Lunyu School by putting it into the vertical orbit of changes of the thoughts and literary circles after the May 4th Movement, and by comparing it with the mainstream of Left-wing and other literary schools in the thirties Through the exploration of Lunyu School's political and social thoughts, literary ideas and aspects of prose creation, I pursue the life choice of some free intellectuals in the thirties, and draw psychological outline of an age of intellectuals, which was very complicated and attractive during that specified time and space When we reconsider the rights and wrongs, the merits and demerits, and the gains and losses in theory and creations of Lunyu School intellectuals, any oversimplified study method would be of"no avail but the waste of mind"Unless ample estimation of their own complexity and contradiction is made, furthermore subtly delineates quite a lot of originates which caused these complexity and contradiction, the research will not be valuable In face of the whizzed coming Left-wing movement in literature, Lunyu School acted as a reconsideration in literary modernity such reconsideration is a layer of thinking They introspected intellectuals'essential mind and enlightened reason, querying the impulsive, swift and fierce ideological trend, judging by value in the relations between individuality and society, individuality and era, literature and politics.

五四落潮后，中国现代思想界、文学界由相对统一走向分化，至二十世纪三十年代，现代知识分子经由二十年代末期的精神蜕变，开始重新定位和设计自己的人生观和文学理想。以"京兆布衣"周作人为精神领袖、以林语堂为主帅的论语派，以幽默闲适小品文相号召，在林语堂主编的一系列刊物《论语》、《人间世》、《宇宙风》上聚集，南北呼应，造成了当时文坛的一种独特景观。本论文以论语派为研究对象，将其放在五四以后文学界与思想界变动的纵向轨迹上，放在与三十年代左翼主流话语的颉颃及与其它文学流派的比照中加以考察，通过对论语派政治社会思想、文学观念及散文创作诸方面的探讨，追索三十年代一部分自由知识分子的人生选择，勾划出他们在一个特定时空里复杂又极具魅力的心理轮廓。学术界对论语派中一些主要作家已有较深入的研究，但迄今为止，尚无从整体上对这一文学流派作宏观研究的专著，而陈旧的理论视界又往往阻碍了对论语派的重新评价。

Johnson himself later wonthe prize jointly, in 1974, for "a narrative art, far-seeing in landsand ages, in the service of freedom".

瑞典籍作家约翰森于1974年和他人共同摘得诺贝尔文学奖，其颁奖词是"以自由为目的，而致力于历史的、现代的广阔观点之叙述艺术"。

The great writers to whom the world owes what religious liberty it possesses, have mostly asserted freedom of conscience as an indefeasible right, and denied absolutely that a human being is accountable to others for his religious belief.

那些替世界创获它所享有的宗教自由的伟大作家们，多数都力主良心自由乃是一种无法取消的权利，都绝对否认一个人须为他自己的宗教信仰来向他人作出交代。

Han, a high school dropout, has built a franchise by tweaking his elders, once stating,"No matter how rude and immature they are, how unskillfully they write, the future literary world belongs to the post-'80s generation. They must be more arrogant. A writer must be arrogant." Yet despite his youthful bravado, Han, who has published 14 books and anthologies, generally stays away from sensitive issues such as democracy and human rights. His calculated rebelliousness, says Lydia Liu, a professor of Chinese and Comparative Literature at Columbia University, exemplifies the unspoken compact his generation has forged with the ruling Communist Party: Leave us alone to have fun and we won't challenge your right to run the country.

韩寒，一个高中退学生，借力于他对老一辈作家的讽刺，他曾指出："不管他们写的多么粗俗，多么幼稚，多么烂，中国文坛的未来是属于80后的，他们必须更加清高，一个作家，就必须清高"尽管他年轻高傲，却已经出版了14本书和精选集，这些书一般都远离敏感的问题，比如民主和人权，哥伦比亚大学汉语比较学的教授Lydia Liu评价他这种游刃有余的反叛性，例证了他在共产党的当言则不当隐--给我足够的自由做我喜欢的事情，我则不会对你的政权构成任何的威胁。

It's the initial of modern chinese fiction, the style norm of fiction has not formed. This brings authors with free creative spirit condition, but in another hand, with casuality.

这一方面给作家带来无拘无束、自由创造的心态，另一方面也使许多作家创作时过于随意，使得小说与其它文体产生边界难以区分的文体融合。

Subsequently, based on the free spirit and unrestrained personality in Qu Yuan and in the tradition of Li Sao, these writers surpass themselves and make the image abundant with new significances. The traditional figure of self-query, of self-exile, and self-criticism, not only passes beyond the tradition of national tragedy, but also retrieves the essence of self-examination. Thus, these writers have obtained more freedom to interpret "Qu Yuan", and the tradition of Qu Yuan in oversea Chinese literatures has been reconstructed with modernity.

之后，借重于屈骚传统中的自由精神、狷狂人格展开自我超越的思路，使新马作家笔下的屈原形象不断呈现新的丰富含义，其自我质疑、自我流放、自我反省不仅走出民族悲剧的屈原传统，而且寻回了&内省&本质，获得了&屈原&言说的更大自由，海外华人文学中的屈原传统也由此得到了一种现代性的建构。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。