自由主义的

The value-pluralism underlines cultural diversity and shaping effect of a specific language, heritage of historical practice to the individual,which produces a certain kind of ideological resonance with the communalism.

伯林的多元论与自由主义存在内在的紧张，多元论并不能推导出自由主义，而是削弱了自由主义的道德基础。

As the critic of liberalism, communitarianism criticizes the view of liberalism about self and justice by historical methodology. The communitarian think that history makes up the self and it is not the individual that makes the value choice, independent of history and community. In the same way, the meaning and value of the justice come from history and tradition; justice out of history is only a nonobjective concept.

社群主义作为自由主义的批判者出现，以历史主义的方法对自由主义理论基础的自我观、正义观展开了批评，他们认为是历史构成了个人而不是像自由主义认为的个人独立于历史与社会之外进行价值选择；同样，正义的价值和内容也都来自于历史和传统，离开历史的正义只是一个空洞而抽象的形式概念。

Liberalism, as a school of thought and a social ideational campaign, is a Europeanizing phenomenon from middle ages to modern times. But Russian liberalism existed and played its role as a variance of European liberalism——"have-not" liberalism. At the beginning of 18th century, the reform of Peter the Great provided the soil for the western culture permeating through Russia.

自由主义作为一种思想流派和社会思想政治运动，是从中世纪向近代社会过渡时期的全欧现象，而俄国的自由主义则是以欧洲自由主义的变异形态即"不充分的自由主义"存在并发挥作用的。18世纪初彼得大帝的改革为西方文化渗入俄国土壤提供了温床。

The purpose of Niebuhr's violent and fatal attack on Liberalism is not to end it but is to reconstruct it, to make it get a new life.

尼布尔对老自由主义的致命批评，不是为了推翻自由主义，而是为了改造自由主义，使其获得新的生命。

As a sort of antiquated and remonstrant ideality of human being, its conception varies with libertarianism variety recently. The variety consists of the rights equality of Classical Libertarianism, Favored Libertarianism's equality based on freedom and the equal restriction of New Libertarianism.

平等作为人类一个古老和抗议性的理想，其理念在近代经历了一个随自由主义理论的变化而变化的过程，即古典自由主义的权利平等、功利自由主义以自由为基础的平等和新自由主义平等的限度。

Based on the above-mentioned thesis, the dissertation points out that Schmitt\'s theory of state emergency powers is like a dagger stabbing into Achillean heel of Liberalism—the state of exception.

基于上述，文章指出，施米特国家紧急权理论犹如一把刺(来源：ABC27论文网www.abclunwen.com)向自由主义的阿基里斯之踵——例外状态——的匕首，对自由主义提出的挑战：自由主义民主政制无能应对例外状态。

Liberalism, as a school of thought and a social ideational campaign, is a Europeanizing phenomenon from middle ages to modern times. But Russian liberalism existed and played its role as a variance of European liberalism——"have-not" liberalism. At the beginning of 18th century, the reform of Peter the Great provided the soil for the western culture permeating through Russia.

自由主义作为一种思想流派和社会思想政治运动，是从中世纪向近代社会过渡时期的全欧现象，而俄国的自由主义则是以欧洲自由主义的变异形态即&不充分的自由主义&存在并发挥作用的。18世纪初彼得大帝的改革为西方文化渗入俄国土壤提供了温床。

Through an exploration of the history of ideology, Berlin highlights the importance of value diversification, and elevates it as the fundament and core of liberalism. Based on this, he attempts to restructure liberalism. Berlin holds that value diversification is the only tool that can consistently protect individual freedom, i.e., the core ideology of liberty, and prevent it from being marauded and penetrated by system constructor.

通过对观念史的探讨，伯林突显出价值多元论的重要性，并把它上升为自由主义的基础和核心的高度，力图在此基础上对自由主义进行重构，伯林认为惟有价值多元论才能一以贯之地保护个人自由这一自由主义的核心理念，使其不受体系建构者的劫掠与侵夺。

In this controversy, the faction of autarchy went to the opposite of the standpoint of liberalism and expressed their adoration to the authoritarianism. This was because they did not finish the mission of the enlightenment and did not overstep traditional culture. For the faction of democracy, they stuck to the position of the liberalism but lapsed from the principle of the value of the liberalism to some extent. This was mainly because they were wildered between instrumental rationality and value rationality of the liberalism and had defects at value rationality. And for the third faction, the faction of Revised Democratic Politics, they tried to seek balance of power and liberty, but finally, they leaned to the power and the liberty would probably dissolve. This was because they had excessive confidence in nous construction and earnestly hoped that we had a powerful and prosperous country.

在论战中独裁派完全走向了自由主义价值立场的对立面，表现出对权威主义的崇拜，这主要是基于独裁论者未完成启蒙的历史使命和对传统的超越；民治派虽然坚持自由主义的立场，但他们在一定程度上背离了自由主义的价值原则，这主要是基于民治派迷失于自由主义的工具理性与价值理性之间，在价值理性上有阙失；第三派，即&修正的民主政治&派，试图在权力与自由之间求得平衡，但最终还是偏向于权力，自由有消解的危险，这主要是基于该派对于理性建构的过度自信和对国家强盛的热切。

It flourished in Germany, as "national Liberalism", in Austria, as "political Liberalism in general", in France, as the Liberalism of Gambetta's Opportunist party.

它在德国的蓬勃发展，为&国家自由主义&，在奥地利，作为&政治自由主义在一般&，在法国，作为自由主义的gambetta的机会主义的党。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。